Health-care Options for South Africa: Lessons from the UK and the USA

1993 amendments administration Adverse selection Alain Enthoven alliance alternative argued benefits British choice claims Clinton proposals competition consequence consumer consumption contributions cost cover coverage Culyer demand diseases doctors Economist employer encouraged FEHBP flexible spending accounts friendly societies fundholders funds GDP Deflator Goodman and Musgrave groups health care Health Economics TABLE health insurance health-care market health-care provision Hillary Clinton HMOs incentive income increased individual labour less managed managed care market failure market-place medical profession Medical Schemes Amendment medicine Melamet Report membership million monopsony moral hazard National Health Service natural rights NHS Hospital objective Office of Health paid patients payment pharmacists poor population practitioners premiums Price controls problem providers purchase regulatory relative retail pharmacy risk risk-rating salaries Schemes Amendment Act sector Source South African suppliers supply Thatcher third-party Total treatment uninsured