Modernism, Male Friendship, and the First World WarSarah Cole examines the rich literary and cultural history of masculine intimacy in the twentieth century. Cole approaches this complex and neglected topic from many perspectives - as a reflection of the exceptional social power wielded by the institutions that housed and structured male bonds; as a matter of closeted and thwarted homoerotics; as part of the story of the First World War. Cole shows that the terrain of masculine fellowship provides an important context for understanding key literary features of the modernist period. She foregrounds such crucial themes as the over-determined relations between imperial wanderers in Conrad's tales, the broken friendships that permeate Forster's fictions, Lawrence's desperate urge to make culture out of blood brotherhood and the intense bereavement of the war poet. Cole argues that these dramas of compelling and often tortured male friendship have helped to define a particular spirit and voice within the literary canon. |
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Page 19
... sexuality. As with any important and complex human endeavor, friendship can and should be examined, theorized, and historicized. With such a refined per- ception in place, we are in a position to recognize the layered history and ...
... sexuality. As with any important and complex human endeavor, friendship can and should be examined, theorized, and historicized. With such a refined per- ception in place, we are in a position to recognize the layered history and ...
Page 21
... sexual intimacy ) - this two - tiered rhetorical strategy had become the hallmark of a certain strain of late nineteenth - century writing , and Forster might be taken as one of its most ardent , if somewhat belated , exponents . Here ...
... sexual intimacy ) - this two - tiered rhetorical strategy had become the hallmark of a certain strain of late nineteenth - century writing , and Forster might be taken as one of its most ardent , if somewhat belated , exponents . Here ...
Page 22
... sexual difference.5 In sum, though Forster is widely read both as a part of the broad modernist canon and as a (hesitant) voice for homosexual liberation, he is rarely credited with creating a crux within either of these major literary ...
... sexual difference.5 In sum, though Forster is widely read both as a part of the broad modernist canon and as a (hesitant) voice for homosexual liberation, he is rarely credited with creating a crux within either of these major literary ...
Page 25
... sexuality with broader institutional affiliations. In the 1880s and 1890s, and indeed all the way until the war, Carpenter was widely known for several things: a large production of essays on such topics as vegetarianism, marital reform ...
... sexuality with broader institutional affiliations. In the 1880s and 1890s, and indeed all the way until the war, Carpenter was widely known for several things: a large production of essays on such topics as vegetarianism, marital reform ...
Page 26
... sexuality, and class politics are wiped away in an ecstasy of loving male community. Indeed, Carpenter's utopian view of friendship's possibilities forms an essential part of his appeal. For Carpenter, male friendship offers a double ...
... sexuality, and class politics are wiped away in an ecstasy of loving male community. Indeed, Carpenter's utopian view of friendship's possibilities forms an essential part of his appeal. For Carpenter, male friendship offers a double ...
Contents
1 | |
21 | |
CHAPTER 2 Conradian alienation and imperial intimacy | 92 |
friendship and comradeship at war | 138 |
DHLawrence and the aftermath of war | 185 |
Notes | 252 |
Index | 292 |
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Common terms and phrases
Aaron’s aesthetic aestheticized alienation Birkin British Cambridge Carpenter’s century characterized civilian combat comradeship Conrad conventional create critics cultural D. H. Lawrence death desire discussion E. M. Forster England English erotic ethos Fiction figure former soldiers Forster gender Greek Heart of Darkness Hellenism homoerotic homosexual idea ideal imagined imperial individual institutions isolation Joseph Conrad Kemp kind language Lawrence’s literary literature London Longest Journey Lord Jim male body male bonds male community male fellowship male friendship male intimacy male love male relations Marlow masculine Maurice men’s modernist modernity narrative novel organization Oxford Passage to India Pater perhaps physical poem poet political post-war problem public schools racial represents returned rituals romance Sassoon seems sense Septimus sexual Shere Ali social spirit story stress structure suggests Symonds T. S. Eliot text’s tradition University Press Victorian voice war’s women Women in Love Woolf writing York