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or a general committee of a railway-labor-organization employer, not conducting the principal part of its business in the United States, only when he is rendering service to it in the United States; and an individual shall be deemed to be in the service of such a local lodge or division only if (1) all, or substantially all, the individuals constituting its membership are employees of an employer conducting the principal part of its business in the United States; or (2) the headquarters of such local lodge or division is located in the United States; and an individual shall be deemed to be in the service of such a general committee only if (1) he is representing a local lodge or division described in clauses (1) or (2) immediately above; or (2) all, or substantially all, the individuals represented by it are employees of an employer conducting the principal part of its business in the United States; or (3) he acts in the capacity of a general chairman or an assistant general chairman of a general committee which represents individuals rendering service in the United States to an employer, but in such case if his office or headquarters is not located in the United States and the individuals represented by such general committee are employees of an employer not conducting the principal part of its business in the United States, only such proportion of the remuneration for such service shall be regarded as compensation as the proportion which the mileage in the United States under the jurisdiction of such general committee bears to the total mileage under its jurisdiction, unless such mileage formula is inapplicable, in which case such other formula as the Railroad Retirement Board may have prescribed pursuant to subsection (c) of section 1 of the Railroad Retirement Act of 1937 [50 Stat. 308; 45 U. S. C. 228a] shall be applicable, and if the application of such mileage formula, or such other formula as the Board may prescribe, would result in the compensation of the individual being less than 10 per centum of his remuneration for such service no part of such remuneration shall be regarded as compensation: Provided further, That an individual not a citizen or resident of the United States shall not be deemed to be in the service of an employer when rendering service outside the United States to an employer who is required under the laws applicable in the place where the service is rendered to employ therein, in whole or in part, citizens or residents thereof; and the laws applicable on August 29, 1935, in the place where the service is rendered shall be deemed to have been applicable there at all times prior to that date.

(e) COMPENSATION.-The term "compensation" means any form of money remuneration earned by an individual for services rendered as an employee to one or more employers, or as an employee representative, including remuneration paid for time lost as an employee, but remuneration paid for time lost shall be deemed earned in the month in which such time is lost. Such term does not include tips, or the voluntary payment by an employer, without deduction from the remuneration of the employee, of the tax imposed on such employee by section 1500. Compensation which is earned during the period for which the Commissioner shall require a return of taxes under this subchapter to be made and which is payable during the calendar month following such period shall be deemed to have been paid during such period only. For the purpose of determining the amount of

taxes under sections 1500 and 1520, compensation earned in the service of a local lodge or division of a railway-labor-organization employer shall be disregarded with respect to any calendar month if the amount thereof is less than $3 * * *

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A payment made by an employer to an individual through the employer's payroll shall be presumed, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, to be compensation for service rendered by such individual as an employee of the employer in the period with respect to which the payment is made. An employee shall be deemed to be paid "for time lost" the amount he is paid by an employer with respect to an identifiable period of absence from the active service of the employer, including absence on account of personal injury, and the amount he is paid by the employer for loss of earnings resulting from his displacement to a less remunerative position or occupation. If a payment is made by an employer with respect to a personal injury and includes pay for time lost, the total payment shall be deemed to be paid for time lost unless, at the time of payment, a part of such payment is specifically apportioned to factors other than time lost, in which event only such part of the payment as is not so apportioned shall be deemed to be paid for time lost.

[Section 1500 imposes a tax on the compensation, up to $300 a month, of employees of carriers.

Section 402 of the act of July 31, 1946 (60 Stat. 741) provides: "Sections 1500, 1510, and 1520 of the Internal Revenue Code as in effect on December 31, 1946, shall remain in full force and effect on and after January 1, 1947, with respect to any remuneration which constitutes compensation under the law as in effect on December 31, 1946, to which such sections as amended by this Act are not applicable."]

(f) UNITED STATES.-The term United States" when used in a geographical sense means the States, Alaska, Hawaii, and the District of Columbia.

(g) COMPANY.-The term "company" includes corporations, associations, and joint-stock companies.

(h) CARRIER.-The term "carrier" means an express company, sleeping-car company, or carrier by railroad, subject to part I of the Interstate Commerce Act [49 U. S. C., chapter 1].

(i) PERSON. The term "person" means an individual, a partnership, an association, a joint-stock company, or a corporation. SEC. 1534. COURT JURISDICTION.

The several district courts of the United States and the District Court of the United States for the District of Columbia, respectively, shall have jurisdiction to entertain an application by the Attorney General on behalf of the Commissioner to compel an employee or other person residing within the jurisdiction of the court or an employer subject to service of process within its jurisdiction to comply with any obligations imposed on such employee, employer, or other person under the provisions of this subchapter. The jurisdiction herein specifically conferred upon such Federal courts shall not be held exclusive of any jurisdiction otherwise possessed by such courts to entertain actions at law or suits in equity in aid of the enforcement of rights or obligations arising under the provisions of this subchapter.

SEC. 1535. RULES AND REGULATIONS.

The Commissioner, with the approval of the Secretary, shall make and publish such rules and regulations as may be necessary for the enforcement of this subchapter.

SEC. 1536. OTHER LAWS APPLICABLE.

All provisions of law, including penalties, applicable with respect to any tax imposed by section 2700 or section 1800, and the provisions of section 3661, insofar as applicable and not inconsistent with the provisions of this subchapter, shall be applicable with respect to the taxes imposed by this subchapter.

SEC. 1538. TITLE OF SUBCHAPTER.

This subchapter may be cited as the "Railroad Retirement Tax Act."

SUBCHAPTER C-TAX ON EMPLOYERS OF EIGHT OR MORE SEC. 1600. RATE OF TAX.

* * *

Every employer (as defined in section 1607 (a)) shall pay for each calendar year * * * an excise tax, with respect to having individuals in his employ, equal to 3 per centum of the total wages (as defined in section 1607 (b)) paid by him during the calendar year with respect to employment (as defined in section 1607 (c)) after December 31, 1938.

[For nonexemption of Federal savings and loan associations from the tax imposed by section 1600, see section 5 (h) of the Home Owners' Loan Act of 1933, as amended August 10, 1939 (48 Stat. 133; 53 Stat. 1402, § 909; 12 U. S. C. 1464).]

SEC: 1601. CREDITS AGAINST TAX.

(a) CONTRIBUTIONS TO STATE UNEMPLOYMENT FUNDS.

(1) The taxpayer may, to the extent provided in this subsection and subsection (c), credit against the tax imposed by section 1600 the amount of contributions paid by him into an unemployment fund maintained during the taxable year under the unemployment compensation law of a State which is certified for the taxable year as provided in section 1603.

(2) The credit shall be permitted against the tax for the taxable year only for the amount of contributions paid with respect to such taxable year.

(3) The credit against the tax for any taxable year shall be permitted only for contributions paid on or before the last day upon which the taxpayer is required under section 1604 to file a return for such year; except that credit shall be permitted for contributions paid after such last day, but such credit shall not exceed 90 per centum of the amount which would have been allowable as credit on account of such contributions had they been paid on or before such last day.

(4) Upon the payment of contributions into the unemployment fund of a State which are required under the unemployment compensation law of that State with respect to remuneration on the basis of which, prior to such payment into the proper fund, the taxpayer erroneously paid an amount as contributions under

another unemployment compensation law, the payment into the proper fund shall, for purposes of credit against the tax, be deemed to have been made at the time of the erroneous payment. If, by reason of such other law, the taxpayer was entitled to cease paying contributions with respect to services subject to such other law, the payment into the proper fund shall, for purposes of credit against the tax, be deemed to have been made on the date the return for the taxable year was filed under section 1604.

(b) ADDITIONAL CREDIT.-In addition to the credit allowed under subsection (a), a taxpayer may credit against the tax imposed by section 1600 for any taxable year an amount, with respect to the unemployment compensation law of each State certified for the taxable year as provided in section 1602 (or with respect to any provisions. thereof so certified), equal to the amount, if any, by which the contributions required to be paid by him with respect to the taxable year were less than the contributions such taxpayer would have been required to pay if throughout the taxable year he had been subject under such State law to the highest rate applied thereunder in the taxable year to any person having individuals in his employ, or to a rate of 2.7 per centum, whichever rate is lower.

(c) LIMIT ON TOTAL CREDITS.-The total credits allowed to a taxpayer under this subchapter shall not exceed 90 per centum of the tax against which such credits are allowable.

(d) REFUND OR CREDIT. Refund or credit of the tax (including penalty and interest collected with respect thereto, if any), based on any credit allowable under this section, may be made in accordance with the provisions of law applicable in the case of erroneous or illegal collection of the tax (including statutes of limitations). No interest shall be allowed or paid on the amount of any such credit or refund.

SEC. 1602. CONDITIONS OF ADDITIONAL CREDIT ALLOWANCE.

(a) STATE STANDARDS.-A taxpayer shall be allowed an additional credit under section 1601 (b) with respect to any reduced rate of contributions permitted by a State law, only if the Board1 finds that under such law

(1) No reduced rate of contributions to a pooled fund or to a partially pooled account is permitted to a person (or group of persons) having individuals in his (or their) employ except on the basis of his (or their) experience with respect to unemployment or other factors bearing a direct relation to unemployment risk during not less than the three consecutive years immediately preceding the computation date;

(2) No reduced rate of contributions to a guaranteed employment account is permitted to a person (or a group of persons) having individuals in his (or their) employ unless (A) the guaranty of remuneration was fulfilled in the year preceding the computation date; and (B) the balance of such account amounts to not less than 2%1⁄2 per centum of that part of the payroll or payThe Social Security Board. The powers of this Board were transferred to the Federal Security Administrator by Sec. 4 of Reorganization Plan No. 2, effective July 16, 1946.

rolls for the three years preceding the computation date by which contributions to such account were measured; and (C) such contributions were payable to such account with respect to three years preceding the computation date;

(3) No reduced rate of contributions to a reserve account is permitted to a person (or group of persons) having individuals in his (or their) employ unless (A) compensation has been payable from such account throughout the year preceding the computation date, and (B) the balance of such account amounts to not less than five times the largest amount of compensation paid from such account within any one of the three years preceding such date, and (C) the balance of such account amounts to not less than 22 per centum of that part of the payroll or payrolls for the three years preceding such date by which contributions to such account were measured, and (D) such contributions were payable to such account with respect to the three years preceding the computation date.

(b) CERTIFICATION BY THE BOARD WITH RESPECT TO ADDITIONAL CREDIT ALLOWANCE.

(1) On December 31 in each taxable year, the Board shall certify to the Secretary of the Treasury the law of each State (certified with respect to such year by the Board as provided in section 1603) with respect to which it finds that reduced rates of contributions were allowable with respect to such taxable year only in accordance with the provisions of subsection (a) of this section.

(2) If the Board finds that under the law of a single State (certified by the Board as provided in section 1603) more than one type of fund or account is maintained, and reduced rates of contributions to more than one type of fund or account were allowable with respect to any taxable year, and one or more of such reduced rates were allowable under conditions not fulfilling the requirements of subsection (a) of this section, the Board shall, on December 31 of such taxable year, certify to the Secretary of the Treasury only those provisions of the State law pursuant to which reduced rates of contributions were allowable with respect to such taxable year under conditions fulfilling the requirements of subsection (a) of this section, and shall, in connection therewith, designate the kind of fund or account, as defined in subsection (c) of this section, established by the provisions so certified. If the Board finds that a part of any reduced rate of contributions payable under such law or under such provisions is required to be paid into one fund or account and a part into another fund or account, the Board shall make such certification pursuant to this paragraph as it finds will assure the allowance of additional credits only with respect to that part of the reduced rate of contributions which is allowed under provisions which do fulfill the requirements of subsection (a) of this section.

(3) The Board shall, within thirty days after any State law is submitted to it for such purpose, certify to the State agency

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