The organization under the Board, beginning in 1926 was a grouping of existing operations. The operations were carried on then under the statute, and under the procedure in a decentralized fashion. Within the last few years, however, the policy has been formulated and the effort has been directed toward the departmentalization of the procedures. There are various benefits which would come through such an organization, such as making certain that there would be no duplication of service, and making sure that there would be interchanging services, keeping down administrative overhead, and making corrections more definitely. We have not yet reached the full development on that point.

This organization as laid out is consistent with the 1948 presentation, and in part now exists, and it is that to which I will make reference as I go through the figures.

Under the framework of law, and under the organization chart, as you have it, you will find then in the Office of the Director the general planning operation and general administrative procedures. You will find centered there the license and regulation procedure, which is a consequence of new legislation of 2 years ago establishing licensing for child-placement agencies here in the city. That is a new thing added from the time of the base of 1937.

We also have now in '48 the showing of a business office in the Office of the Director in which, in part, beginning as recently as March 1 this year, the beginning unit for agency services has been taken over, and certain general supervisory duties with respect to other accounts have been taken over.

We have then under the head of "Agency services"-and by "agency services" we mean those services which are not institutional-the work which is provided in the Landlord-Tenant Service; this service is provided to the municipal court in landlord-and-tenant assignments and is entirely a personal service to the court. This agency deals with the personal problems of those who come into the court, many with evictions or eviction potential, seeking to help in that situation.

Mr. O'HARA. Right at that point, might I ask this question: What sort of service do you render under this landlord-and-tenant situation that you talk about? What has the municipal government to do with handling that? That is what I want to know.

Mr. HUFF. The Service was established to assist the court in arriving at the facts case by case in those cases which the court refers where persons come up with potential evictions or with evictions. The eviction problem, let us assume, is chronic in a given case. What is the situation in that case? Is it a case of absolute incompetency? Is it a case of malice? Is it a case of evasion or what is it? Can you work out a situation with that person where he will stop being in the situation of not paying his rent, and come through and pay his rent, in its boldest terms? It works also in relation to certain hardships in which the person-well, making an effort to do so, is still not able to meet the rent, and seeks then to find some situation for that person. Mr. BATES. You are going to cover the personnel and allocation of funds for the annual maintenance of that, are you not?

Mr. HUFF. I can cover that in a word. There is a single P-1 position, assisted by one stenographer..

Mr. O'HARA. Is that service rendered by any other municipality that you know of outside of Washington?

Mr. HUFF. I do not know. I do know, however, that it is very popular with the court.

Senator CAIN. I should think so. You are doing the work of the

court.

Mr. BATES. That one is an attorney and the other a stenographer! Mr. HUFF. No, this is a social worker, not an attorney.

Mr. BATES. And a stenographer.

Mr. HUFF. Yes, sir.

We also have under agency services, following the outline, as we have it organized at the present time, the Public Assistance Service which is the service through which the various grants of assistance are given.

We have the Children's Services which provide what is commonly known and referred to as protective service to children, seeking to avoid the development of delinquency, seeking to assist children and families in which internal family discord or disaster has occurred.

We also have the Foster Care Service in which children who must be taken from their own home, and for whom a substitute home needs to be found, are cared for.

Included in that same grouping is the work done with respect to adoptions, and in the care of unmarried mothers.

We have included in dotted lines a penny milk account, which account we merely carry; we exercise no supervision on the account. The independent agencies referred to are certain agencies to whom contract payments are made. That is indicative of the organization under our agency services listed to the left on our chart.

Our other major division is "Protective institutions" which operate under the immediate direction of an assistant director. These can be divided into two types: Those for indigents, which include our municipal lodging house, the Home for Aged and Infirm, and an account which we carry for the Temporary Home for Soldiers and Sailors, and then, on the other hand, the juvenile institutions which include the Receiving Home and Classification Center: the Industrial Home Schools, one for white children and one for colored boys; the National Training School for Girls, and the District Training School for the Feebleminded. That gives the organization which we have pictured here on this chart.

Mr. BATES. Now, under what classification do you spend money, say, for dependent—

Mr. HUFF. That would be aid to dependent children and that would come under this section to the left on the chart, Public Assistance. Mr. BATES. Yes.

Mr. HUFF. I would like to call attention also to the upper right hand section of the chart listed under the business office, which is shown in solid lines, to those items which are shown in dotted lines.

Our work with respect to maintenance of institutions is done through the District Office of the Engineer Commissioner, Office of Construction, Division of Repairs. Our construction work is done in similar fashion through the construction department, and our legal work is done through the corporation counsel.

Mr. O'HARA. Mr. Huff, might I inquire if any of these services or institutions render a national service rather than purely local service,

such as your delinquent National Training School for Girls. Is that limited to include in its jurisdiction only the District of Columbia?

Mr. HUFF. At the present time it receives girls only from the District of Columbia. Historically it had the same origin as the National Training School for Boys, which was then, and is now, a federally operated institution. That does not apply to the Training School for Girls, which I have listed here. That is limited to the District.

Now, I have given that general picture, and I think it will now help to read through the detail of the excerpts of the statutes under which we operate.

Mr. BATES. There is no necessity for reading the details.

Mr. HUFF. They are quite a collection.

Mr. BATES. Yes; they have already been inserted in the record previously.

Mr. HUFF. Some of our activities have been directed toward the organization of statutory language, and in some instances the renewal or restatement of statutory language.

Mr. O'HARA. Do you have any jurisdiction over the administration of the District jails or the penal institutions?

Mr. HUFF. Not this year; no, sir. Formerly the jails and, earlier, the hospitals locally were under the Board of Public Welfare, but back about 1938, I believe, the hospitals were established in the Health Department, and in 1946 the prisons were established independently in a separate department, so that the answer is "No."

Mr. O'HARA. Well, does the same condition-are you familiar with that set-up-does the situation still exist where Federal prisoners, and I mean by that prisoners where the crimes were not committed in the District, but who are sentenced by some District Federal court, does it still exist in the institutions of which the District of Columbia has charge?

Mr. HUFF. The person is convicted elsewhere than in the District? Mr. O'HARA. Yes, sir.

Mr. HUFF. Such a person would be received at Lorton only through the process of transfer in the past and at the present. In the past, there would have been no recovery for maintenance costs from anybody.

Mr, Õ'HARA. Since 1946.

Mr. HUFF. At the present, however, authority exists for a charge to be made for per diem per person.

Mr. O'HARA. I recall we had that following the investigation of the jails.

Mr. HUFF. Yes.

Mr. O'HARA. Thank you, Mr. Huff.

Mr. HUFF. I would like now to present certain general figures, Mr. Chairman, and after I present the general figures before I go into detail I would like to show how a basis for evaluation in 1937 is different from the basis as it exists in 1948.

Mr. BATES. Eine.

Mr. HUFF. The grand total money figures for 1937 show $5,425,000; in 1948 it shows a figure of $11,371,000, an increase of $5,946,000, or 110 percent.

A special item is included here, I may interpolate, Mr. Chairman, because of your interest indicated by your reference to Dr. Ruhland

99538-47- -12

at the time he was speaking, and that is the item for St. Elizabeths Hospital.

Now, if I understand the method followed in the Bureau of Labor Statistics, a hospital, no matter what kind of a hospital or to whom its appropriations may be made, verv probably would be associated and made a part of the general hospital figure. If that be true, and if that refers also to this figure of St. Elizabeths Hospital, then I should point out that St. Elizabeths is carried here by the Department of Public Welfare and not by the Department of Public Health. We have asked that such explanation be made, and I look forward to such an explanation in company with Dr. Ruhland. If, therefore, we excluded St. Elizabeths Hospital in this 1937 figure and again in 1948, we would have a statement to make of an increase shown of over $5,000,000, $3,956,000 of which is due to St. Elizabeths Hospital. The St. Elizabeth's figure in 1937 was $2,273,000, as opposed to the figure for 1948, which is $6,229,000, or an increase of that item given alone of 174 percent.

Mr. O'HARA. As I understand it, Mr. Huff, and I hope you will pardon me, but I want to get this clear in my mind, are you carrying it in your items?

Mr. HUFF. Yes, sir; we are.

Mr. O'HARA. Now, St. Elizabeths renders more than just a local service, does it not? Many people are there who properly belong in a jurisdictional sense to some other State institutions, is that true?

Mr. HUFF. There are three groups, we might say, in St. Elizabeths. Certain persons are there from Federal jurisdiction from and under some Federal statutory right. A group is there also who are there from the District of Columbia, and who belong to the District of Columbia. Another group is there who were found ill here and were adjudged psychotic through our mental health commission, had to be confined, and are in St. Elizabeths, but whose residence is determined to be elsewhere. Such persons are handled through our agencies services by our division of deportation.

Under our agencies services, there is this division of deportation and that deportation unit is charged, in the first instance, with the responsibility for examining cases before the mental health commission, and continuing with the case, to determine the local. State in which that person does have residence, and the commission having so then determined, this group, working under our direction, would transport that person back to his home State.

Mr. O'HARA. But, of course, after sometimes a long period of treatment, because of the condition of the patient who has had to have the treatment, they went ahead here and treated them as they did so many of the people in the service during the war, is that correct?

Mr. HUFF. The condition could exist. That is, we would be reluctant to force an immediate exodus of a person from St. Elizabeths Hospital if the fact of doing so would aggravate his condition, if there is a mental condition. However, we have no authority to make that period of time extensive, so that the general answer to your question would be that such persons are deported as rapidly as the home State will accept the jurisdiction over that person's residence.

Mr. O'HARA. And the condition of safety of moving the patient, I presume.

Mr. HUFF. That is a consideration; it is a secondary one under the law.

Mr. O'HARA. Now, Mr. Huff, could you tell us what that part of the charge is at St. Elizabeths for the care of that type of person who should not be part of the charge for the District of Columbia. Do you have that broken down?

Mr. HUFF. We can get such a figure broken down. I do not happen to have it at the moment.

Mr. O'HARA. I think it would be very helpful for the committee to have it.

Mr. HUFF. May I take advantage of the question to insert this point. Of a given 200 cases known at a given date, approximately 100 are potential residents of another State. Now, I say potential because under the law, as it exists and as we know it, there is no method by which our opinion of that residence can prevail in the face of the local State's opinion that residence does not exist in that State. A dilemma exists when we find a situation of that kind.

Now, there are a given number of cases of that kind.

Mr. O'HARA. You speak of one other classification of patient there, those to which, by Federal statute, the cost is chargeable to the District-I mean they are sent to St. Elizabeths.

Mr. HUFF. Yes.

Mr. O'HARA. They are supported by Federal funds or by District funds?

Mr. HUFF. They would be supported by Federal funds. We would pay only for those who go through the channels of the mental health commission to St. Elizabeths.

Mr. O'HARA. I see.

Senator CAIN. What agency do you actually charge for those patients who belong under other Federal jurisdictions?

Mr. HUFF. We pay nothing for those who are Federal patients. Senator CAIN. Yes.

Mr. HUFF. For those who later are moved to their home State, no charge is made to the home State for the intervening period of their stay at St. Elizabeths. That cost is absorbed by us.

Mr. BATES. In order to get the record straight at the outset, Mr. Huff, may we understand from your testimony that St. Elizabeths is a District institution?

Mr. HUFF. No, sir; it is a Federal institution.

Mr. BATES. How were the original appropriations made, through the Federal budget, and then in the District budget you have a certain appropriation made to permit you to pay for such patients at the hospital who claim a domicile here, is that it?

Mr. HUFF. The District residents, I think, is the phrase.

Mr. BATES. And that embraces all these so-called residents, nondomiciled?

Mr. HUFF. A number of them whose residence is later to be determined elsewhere.

Mr. BATES. You use a figure of one hundred out of two hundred not domiciled in the District.

Mr. HUFF. That is a recent figure, yes, sir.

Mr. BATES. So that the Federal Government actually assesses you for everybody who is transferred from the District to the hospital.