But her deare heart with anguish did torment,
And all her witt in fecret counfels spent,
How to escape. At laft in privy wife
To Satyrane fhe shewed her intent;

Who, glad to gain fuch favour, gan devise, How with that penfive Maid he best might thence arife.

XXXIII.

So on a day, when Satyres all were gone
To do their fervice to Sylvanus old,
The gentle Virgin, left behinde alone,
He led with
away corage ftout and bold.
Too late it was to Satyres to be told,
Or ever hope recover her againe :

In vaine he feekes that, having, cannot hold. So faft he carried her with carefull paine, That they the woods are paft, and come now to the plaine.

XXXIV.

The better part now of the lingring day
They traveild had, whenas they far efpide
A weary wight forwandring by the way;
And towards him they gan in hast to ride,
To weete of newes that did abroad betyde,
Or tidings of her Knight of the Redcroffe;
But he, them spying, gan to turne afide

For feare, as feemd, or for fome feigned loffe: More greedy they of newes faft towards him do

croffe

XXXV.

A filly man, in fimple weeds forworne,
And foild with duft of the long dried way;
His fandales were with toilfome travell torne,
And face all tand with scorching funny ray,
As he had traveild many a fommers day
Through boyling fands of Arabie and Ynde;
And in his hand a Iacobs staffe, to stay

XXXV. 1. A filly man, in fimple weeds] Perhaps he wrote as Chaucer," A feely man." We have seen above how the common enemy, disguised as a hermit, deluded the Chriftians, F. Q. i. i. 29. He now appears as a pilgrim. A Proteftant reader will be apt to think our poet had his eye on the Romish churches, where hypocrites frequently act in fuch disguises.

UPTON.

Poetry, as I have formerly observed in a Note on the Origin of Paradife Regained, has often painted the grand diffembler in colours of this kind. I may now add, that, in Bale's comedy of The Three Laws, 12mo. printed in 1538, where the Vices are apparelled, "Falfe Doctrine" is to be decked "lyke a popyth doctour, and Hypocrefy [correfponding with Spenfer's Archimago,] lyke a gray fryre," Sign. G. i. A dramatist of later times thus alfo makes Fauftus addrefs the Devil, in the Trag. Hift. of Dr. Fauftus, 1616.

"Goe, and returne an old Francifcan frier;

"That holy fhape becomes a Deuill best !"

I must not close this note, without observing that seely, propofed by Mr. Church and Mr. Upton, is unneceffary. Silly, is a Northern or Scottish term for fimple, without guile. It occurs in the old ballad of The Gaberlunzie Man, ver. 4. "Will zee ludge a filly poor old man." On which word fee the note by the very learned editor of that poem, John Callender, Efq., in Two Ancient Scottish Poems, &c. 8vo. 1782, p. 25. TODD.

XXXV. 7. In his hand &c.] In his hand he has a Jacob's faff, a pilgrim's staff; fo called because they used fuch in their pilgrimages to St. Jacob's or St. James's fhrine, P. Plowman, i, 2. "Pilgrimes and palmers plight them together "For to feke S. James and Saints at Rome."

His

weary limbs upon; and eke behind His fcrip did hang, in which his needments he

did bind.

XXXVI.

The Knight, approching nigh, of him inquerd
Tidings of warre, and of adventures new ;
But warres, nor new adventures, none he herd.
Then Una gan to afke, if ought he knew
Or heard abroad of that her Champion trew,
That in his armour bare a croflet red.

Ay me! deare Dame," quoth he, "well may I rew

To tell the fad fight which mine eies have red ; Thefe eies did fee that Knight both living and

eke ded."

XXXVII.

That cruell word her tender hart fo thrild, That fuddein cold did ronne through every vaine,

And ftony horrour all her fences fild

With dying fitt, that downe fhe fell for paine. The Knight her lightly reared up againe, And comforted with curteous kind reliefe: Then, wonne from death, fhe bad him tellen plaine

Pilgrims were thofe who were going their pilgrimages; Palmers, thofe who returned from their pilgrimages, and carried a staff or bough of a palm-tree, in token of their having performed their vows. But this diftinction is not always obferved.

UPTON.

The further proceffe of her hidden griefe: The leffer pangs can beare, who hath endur'd the chief.

XXXVIII.

Then gan the Pilgrim thus; "I chaunft this day, This fatall day, that fhall I ever rew,

To fee two Knights, in travell on my way,
(A fory fight,) arraung'd in batteill new,
Both breathing vengeaunce, both of wrathfull
hew:

My feareful flesh did tremble at their strife,
To fee their blades fo greedily imbrew,
That, dronke with blood, yet thrifted after
life:

What more? the Redcroffe Knight was flain with Paynim knife."

XXXIX.

"Ah! deareft Lord," quoth fhe,

that bee,

XXXVIII. 2.

"how might

that fhall I ever rew,] This is the reading of both Spenfer's own editions, which Mr. Upton and the edition of 1751 preferve. The folio of 1611 reads" that I shall ever rew," which is adopted in the folio of 1679, in Hughes's editions, in Tonfon's edition of 1758, and in Church's. TODD.

66

XXXVIII. 6. My feareful flesh did tremble] So Pfal. cxix. 20. My flesh trembleth for fear of thee." CHURCH. XXXVIII. 8. dronke with blood,] A fcriptural phrafe, Deut. xxxii. 42. "I will make mine arrows drunk with blood." And Jerem. xlvi. 10, "The fword shall be made drunk with their blood." Thus, metaphorically, Homer calls the fkin of a bull drunk with fat, μetisoar año. Il. g. 390. UPTON.

XXXIX. I. Ah! deareft Lord, quoth fhe,] One would imagine that Una never would have addreft this poor pilgrim

And he the ftouteft Knight, that ever wonne?" "Ah! deareft Dame," quoth he,

might I fee

quoth he, "how

The thing, that might not be, and yet was

donne ?"

“Where is,” faid Satyrane, "that Paynims fonne,

That him of life, and us of ioy, hath refte?" "Not far away," quoth he," he hence doth

wonne,

Foreby a fountaine, where I late him left

with, deureft Lord. I have not altered the pointing; but fupz pofing one fhould alter it, and think that Una, lifting her eyes to heaven, should in a kind of exclamation fay, Ah! dearest Lord! Good God, how might that be? The wicked Archimago, with malicious wit, takes it to himself, and farcaftically replies, Ah deareft Dame Is not all this decorum, and agree able to the characters of both? UPTON.

XXXIX. 1. how might that bee,] That is, how should that be; and, in the fourth line," that might not,” that should not, have been. Spenfer ufes might for should, as he elsewhere ufes may for can. CHURCH.

XXXIX. 2.

that ever wonne ?] Here wonne means that ever conquered in battle. The word, rhyming to it, means doth dwell. Germ. wonnen, habitare. Chaucer ufes it, and Milton has also admitted it into his Paradise Loft, B. vii. 457, UPTON.

Of the first won, which is ufed as a neuter verb, Milton alfo affords examples in Par. Loft, B. vi. 122.

"He, who in debate of truth hath won,

"Should win in arms

See alfo Par. Reg. B. i. 426. TODD.

XXXIX. 8. Foreby] In the fenfe of by, fignifying near tô. Again, F. Q. i. vii. 2. "Foreby a fountain fide."

more common fenfe of by, F. Q. v. xi. 17.

But in the "He tooke her

up forby the lilly hand." To which word the poet himself affords the interpretation, F. Q. iv. x. 53. hand her labourd up to rear." TODD.

"And BY the lilly