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AUTUMN.

Soon as the morning trembles o'er the sky,
And unperceiv'd unfolds the spreading day,
Before the ripened field the reapers stand
In fair array, each by the lass he loves,
To bear the rougher part, and mitigate,
By nameless gentle offices, her toil.

At once they stoop and swell the lusty sheaves,
While thro' their cheerful band the rural talk,

The rural scandal, and the rural jest,
Fly harmless, to deceive the tedious time,
And steal, unfelt, the sultry hours away.
Behind the master walks, builds up the shocks,
And, conscious, glancing oft' on every side
His sated eye, feels his heart heave with joy.
The gleaners spread around, and here and there,
Spike after spike, their scanty harvest pick.
Be not too narrow, Husbandmen! but fling
From the full sheaf, with charitable stealth,
The liberal handful.

APHORISMS.

THOMSON.

WORDS are but the signs and counters of knowedge, and their currency should be regulated by the capital which they represent.-COLTON'S LACONICS.

A volume that contains more words than ideas, like a tree that has more foliage than fruit, may suit those to resort to, who want not to feast but to dream and to slumber.-Ibid.

He that pursues fame with just claims, trusts his happiness to the winds; but he that endeavours after it by false merit, has to fear not only the violence of the storm, but the leaks of his vessel DR. JOHNSON.

1

Marriage is nothing but a civil contract. It is true, it is an ordinance of God-so is every other contract: God commands me to keep it when I have made it.-SELDEN'S TABLE-TALK.

When men ask me whether they may take an oath in their own sense, it is to me, as if they should

ask whether they may go to such a place on their
own legs: I would fain know how they can go
otherwise. Ibid.

The tendency of pride to produce strife and hatred
is sufficiently apparent from the pains men have
been at to construct a system of politeness, which is
nothing more than a sort of mimic humility, in
which the sentiments of an offensive self-estimation
are so far disguised and suppressed, as to make them
compatible with the spirit of society.-ROBERT HALL.
Mischiefs in a state are like hectic fevers in a
body; in the beginning hard to be known, but easy
to be cured, but let them alone awhile, they become
more easy to be known, but more hard to be cured.
-QUARLES.

Sorrow is a kind of rust of the soul, which every idea contributes in its passage to scour away.-DR. JOHNSON.

DECISION OF CHARACTER.

thing that might chance to offer; and went wih indefatigable industry through a succession of servile employments, of longer or shorter duration, still scrupulously avoiding, as far as possible, the expense of a penny. He promptly seized every opportunity which could advance his design, without regarding the meanness of occupation or appearance. By this method he had gained, after a considerable time, money enough to purchase, in order to sell again, a few cattle, of which he had taken pains to understand the value. He speedily but cautiously turned his first gains into second advantages; retained without a single deviation his extreme parsi. mony; and thus advanced by degrees into larger transactions and incipient wealth. I did not hear, or have forgotten, the continued course of his life: but the final result was, that he more than recovered his lost possessions, and died an inveterate miser, worth 60,0001. I have always recollected this as a signal instance, though in an unfortunate and ignoble direction, of decisive character, and of the extraordinary effect, which, according to general laws, belongs to the strongest form of such a character.(Foster's Essays.)

At the silver mine of Konigsberg, a wonderful gallery has been pierced through the side of the mountain, at the depth of 600 feet, through which the ore is now transported, instead of being hoisted to the top. Its length is 6,000 feet, and it occupied 23 years in its completion. The process was most tedious, being entirely by calcination and hammer

You may recollect the mention, in one of our con-
versations, of a young man who wasted in two or
three years a large patrimony, in profligate revels
with a number of worthless associates calling them-
selves his friends, till his means were exhausted, when
they of course treated him with neglect or contempt.
Reduced to absolute want, he one day went out of
the house with an intention to put an end to his
life; but wandering awhile almost unconsciously,
he came to the brow of an eminence which over-
looked what were lately his estates. Here he sat
down, and remained fixed in thought a number of
hours, at the end of which he sprang from the grounding, which brought the rock off in flakes. Only
with a vehement exulting emotion. He had formed
his resolution, which was, that all these estates
should be his again; he had formed his plan too,
which he instantly began to execute. He walked
hastily forward, determined to seize the very first
opportunity, of however humble a kind, to gain any
money, though it were so despicable a trifle, and re-
solved absolutely not to spend, if he could help it,
a farthing of whatever he might obtain. The first
thing that drew his attention was a heap of coals
shot out of carts on the pavement before a house.
He offered himself to shovel or wheel them into the
place where they were to be laid, and was employed.
He received a few pence for the labour; and then,
in pursuance of the saving part of his plan, request-
ed some small gratuity of meat and drink, which
was giving him. He then looked out for the next

two men could work at a time; it was commenced both internally and externally; and it is much to their credit that, upon meeting, there were only two or three feet difference in the level, and none in the direction. It is from six to seven feet wide, and from ten to fifteen high.

Johnson could not brook appearing to be worsted in argument, even when, to show the force and dexterity of his talents, he had taken the wrong side. When, therefore, he perceived that his opponent gained ground, he had recourse to some sudden mode of robust sophistry. Once when Mr. B. was pressing upon him with visible advantage, he stopped him thus: "My dear B. let's have no more of this: you'll make nothing of it. I'd rather have you whistle a Scotch tune."

POETRY.

ALL THAT'S BRIGHT MUST FADE.
When, o'er the tide of memory stealing,
The scenes of other years appear,
Like meteors in the night, revealing
All that the bosom held most dear;
Recalling e'en youth's happy feeling,

E'en from the heart was wrung a tear;
Oh, such bright moments make us sigh,
That earth's fair flowers are doomed to die.
But, ever on time's current flowing,

Joy after joy is wafted on,
And each so fleet, that, as 'tis going,
We see it but to feel 'tis gone.

Like perfumed winds that, sweetly blowing,
Yet steal from all they breathe upon.
And life itself must shortly fly,
Such flowers of earth are doomed to die.
Yet, doth one hope, to mortals given,

Belie the motto of my song:
One hope that when earth's ties are riven,
And o'er the dying fancy throng
Visions of doubt, points up to Heaven,
And cheers the soul its path along.
'Tis this will make us cease to sigh

That earth's fair flowers are doomed to die.
E.

I enjoyed that self-gratulation, which is one of the
rewards of doing our duty, and that peace of God,
which the world can neither give nor take away.
The consequences he foresaw actually followed. His
genteel customers left him, as he was nick-named
a puritan or methodist. He was obliged to give up
his fashionable shop; and in the course of years
became so reduced, as to take a cellar under the old
market-house, and shave the common people. One
Saturday evening, between light and dark, a stranger,
from one of the coaches, asking for a barber, was
directed by the ostler to the cellar opposite. Coming
in hastily, he requested to be shaved quickly, while
they changed horses, as he did not like to violate the
Sabbath. This was touching the barber on a tender
chord he burst into tears, asked the stranger to
lend him a halfpenny to buy a candle, as it was not
light enough to shave him with safety. He did so,
revolving in his mind the extreme poverty to which
the poor man must be reduced.

:

"When shaved, he said, 'There must be something extraordinary in your history, which I have not now time to hear. Here is half-a-crown for you; when I return, I will call and investigate your case. What is your name?" 'William Reed,' said the astonished barber. William Reed!' echoed the stranger, William Reed! by your dialect you are from the West?' 'Yes, sir; from Kingston, near

Taunton.' William Reed, from Kingston. near Taunton! What was your father's name ?'-'Thomas.' 'Had he any brother?' 'Yes, sir, one, after whom I was named; but he went to the Indies, and, as we never heard from him, we suppose him to be dead.' 'Come along, follow me,' said the stranger; 'I am going to see a person, who says his name is William Reed, of Kingston, near Taunton. Come and confront him. If you prove to be indeed him, whom you say you are, I have glorious news for you; your uncle is dead, and has left an immense fortune. which I will put you in possession of, when al legal doubts are removed.' They went by the coach, saw the pretended William Reed, and proved him to be an impostor. The stranger, who was a pious attorney, was soon legally satisfied of the barher's identity, and told him that he had advertised him in vain. Providence had now thrown him in his way, in a most extraordinary manner, and he had much pleasure in transferring a great many thousand pounds to a worthy man, the rightful heir of the property. Thus was man's extremity God's opportunity. Had the poor barber possessed one halfpenny, or even had credit for a candle, he might have remained unknown for years; but he trusted in God, who never said, Seek ye my face in vain."" -(From A Plea for the Sabbath.)

TO MY MOTHER.

They tell us of an Indian tree

Which, howsoe'er the sun and sky May tempt its boughs to wander free,

And shoot and blossom, wide and high,

Far better loves to bend its arms

Downward again to that dear earth
From which the life, that fills and warms
Its grateful being, first had birth.

'Tis thus, though wooed by flattering friends,
And fed with fame (IF fame it be,)
This heart, my own dear mother bends.
With love's true instinct, back to thee.

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PERSEVERANCE IN DUTY, UNDER DISCOURAGING CIRCUMSTANCES.

MR. STEPHENSON, in his Nature and Importance of the Christian Sabbath, relates the following interesting fact:

"In the city of Bath, during the last century, lived

a barber, who made a practice of following his or dinary occupation on the Lord's day. As he was pursuing his morning's employment, he happened to look into some place of worship, just as the minister was giving out his text, 'Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy,' Exodus 20. verse 8. He listened long enough to be convinced that he was constantly breaking the laws of God and man, by shaving and dressing his customers on Sunday. He became uneasy, and went with a heavy heart to his Sunday task. At length he took courage, and opened his mind to the minister, who advised him to give up, Sunday dressing, and worship God. He replied, that beggary would be the consequence; he had a flourishing trade, but it would almost all be lost. At length, after many sleepless night, spent in weeping and praying, he was determined to cast all his care upon God, as, the more he reflected, the more his duty became apparent.

"He discontinuedSunday dressing, went constantly and early to the public services of religion, and soon

NEWSTEAD ABBEY.

EVERYBODY knows that Newstead Abbey |
is consecrated, by having been the patri-
monial estate and residence of Lord Byron.
It is situated near Mansfield in Nottingham-
shire. The ancestors of its late celebrated
possessor came into possession of it at the
time of the dissolution of the monasteries;
but the building itself is of a much earlier
date. It was founded and dedicated to God
and the Virgin by Henry II., and its Monks
were of the order of St. Augustine. During
the life-time of the fifth Lord Byron, there
was found in a lake in front of the house,
where it is supposed to have been thrown for
concealment by the Monks, a large brass
eagle, in the body of which was discovered
a secret aperture, concealing within it a
number of legal papers relating to the rights
and privileges of the foundation. The sub-
joined short description is from the pen of
one of his Lordship's guests in 1809: "Though
sadly fallen to decay, it is still completely
an Abbey ; and most part of it is standing in
the same state as when it was first built.
There are two tiers of cloisters, with a

variety of cells and rooms about them, which, though not inhabited, nor in an inhabitable state, might easily be made so; and many of the original rooms, amongst which is a fine stone hall, are still in use. Of the Abbey Church, only one end remains; and the old kitchen, with a long range of apartments, is reduced to a heap of rubbish. Leading from the Abbey to the modern part of the habitation is a noble room, seventy feet in length and twenty-three in breadth; but every part of the house exhibits neglect and decay, save those rooms which the present Lord has lately fitted-up."

The house and gardens are entirely surrounded by a wall with battlements. In front is a large lake, bordered here and there with castellated buildings, the chief of which stands on an eminence at the further extremity of it. All this is surrounded with bleak and barren hills, with scarce a tree to be seen for miles, except a solitary clump or two. It was in the autumn of 1808 that the late Lord Byron took up his residence there.

MEMOIR OF SIR THOMAS MORE.

A LIFE of this extraordinary man has appeared in "Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopædia," from the pen of the late Sir J. Mackintosh. The great and deserved reputation of its lamented author, and the virtues and misfortunes which adorned and signalized the life of the subject of it, render it unnecessary to recommend it as a most interesting and admirable piece of biography. There is also another source of interest connected with this Memoir, which is more rarely found in similar productions. We mean the intimate sympathy observable in every part between the mind of the biographer and that of the subject of his history. This perpetually and very agreeably transfers our interest from the book of the author; and it is in some instances

so remarkable as to convince us that there were

some strong points of resemblance between the two men; and to suggest the conjecture that had it been possible for the case to be exactly reversed, that is for Sir Thomas More to have written the life of Sir J. Mackintosh, we should have had a work very similar in all its principal features to that now before us. It is from the

work we have thus introduced to the notice of our readers, that we have drawn the materials for the following brief memoir.

Sir Thomas More was born in Milk Street, in the City of London, A. D. 1480. He received the first rudiments of his education at St. An. thony's School, in Threadneedle Street, under Nicholas Hart, where his studies were almost confined to Latin; and was removed from this school in his fifteenth year, to the household of Cardinal Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury, where,according to the custom of that age, which prevailed even among youths of rank, he lived for some time in a menial capacity. Here the talents which More began to exhibit were fully appreciated, and the aged prelate frequently predicted with sanguine confidence the distinction to which he afterwards attained. In 1497, he commenced his studies at Canterbury College, Oxford, where he warmly espoused the notions of those who were for the first time attempting to introduce the study of Greek literature into that University, and advocated this innovation in a letter addressed to the whole body. At this University he formed a friendship, which lasted through life, with the learned Erasmus, and wrote the greater part of those Latin verses which bear his name. On leaving the University, he applied himself to the study of law, and lectured upon it for three years at Furnivals Inn. He also delivered lectures at St. Lawrence's Church, in the Old Jewry, on St. Augustin's work "De Civitate Dei," that is, on the divine government of the moral world; and it is thought that the polemical discussion into which he was thus led tended in some measure to embitter his temper, which was naturally remarkable for its serenity and sweetness.

About this time, More was residing near the Carthusian Monastery,called the Charter-house, and is said to have manifested a predeliction for monastic life, and to have practised some of its austerities and self-inflictions. He was, however, soon convinced of his unfitness for the priesthood, and evinced this change by a marriage with Jane Colt, the daughter of one of his intimate friends. She died after a union of but few years, leaving him four children, of whom the eldest, Margaret, inherited both his features and his genius, and seems to have enjoyed a distinguished share of his paternal affection. But a short time after his wife's death, he married a widow, who, though considerably older than himself, and in other respects but ill suited to him, yet contributed much to his happiness, and to the maintenance

of that patriarchal simplicity and peacefulness | House of Commons; as well as to break the which distinguished his household. At this arbitrary power of the Monarch, and the equally time, his engagements were both laborious and dangerous influence of the jesuitical Wolsey. important. His talents as a lawyer, and his The latter, we are told by Erasmus, rather spotless character for integrity, had obtained for feared than liked More; and this his subsequent him a large and lucrative practice, and the conduct towards him clearly testified. On one highest forensic reputation; so that there was occasion, after the close of the Session of Parno case of consequence in any Court of Law in liament, whilst they were walking together, which he was not counsel for one of the parties. Wolsey said, "I wish to God you had been at In addition to this, he was invested with the Rome, Mr. More, when I made you Speaker." office of under-sheriff of the city of London, and The reply of Sir Thomas is an amusing instance was shortly after elected to serve in Parliament. of his characteristic dryness: "Your Grace Here his career was equally brilliant and not offended, so would I too, my Lord, for then consistent. It is to him, in this situation, that should I have seen the place bave long desired posterity must ascribe the proud distinction of to visit." having awoke Parliamentary eloquence from its long and profound sleep, and of having first directed its energies to the establishment of those great principles of liberty which, in our days, have won and are daily winning such signal triumphs.

In 1514, Sir T. More was sent on a mission to the Netherlands, the object of which was to settle some particulars relating to the commercial intercourse between the two countries; and again in the following year, for a similar purpose. In the beginning of the year 1516, he was made a Privy Counsellor, much against his own inclinations, which were strongly in favour of a more private station. He was now a constant immate of the Palace of Henry VIII, and so grateful was his conversation to the King, that he kept him continually in his presence, and would not so much as suffer him to visit his wife and children at Chelsea more than once in a month. In the moments, however, of Henry's strongest partiality, More never lost sight of the unprincipled brutality of his character, and declared, on one occasion, to his son-in-law, Roper, who had congratulated him on the place he held in the King's confidence and regard, that he was nevertheless well aware that if his head would win the King a castle in France, in case of a war between the two nations, it would not fail to be sacrificed.

Wolsey now made it his object to secure the removal of More; and this he endeavoured to compass, by inducing the King to send him as an ambassador to Spain. More only answered the proposal by beseeching Henry not to send his faithful servant to the grave: and the King, who also suspected the sinister motives of Wolsey, abandoned the design. On the 25th of December, 1525, More was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster; and in 1529, after the commencement of the prosecution against Wolsey, the King, by delivering to him the Great Seal at Greenwich, invested him with the highest dignity of the state and of the law. We are sorry that we cannot afford room for any extracts from the eloquent and powerful address delivered by him on his installation into the office at Westminster, nor any of the particulars of his Chancellorship; especially as we imagine, that our readers would concur with us in tracing some strong and most interesting points of resemblance between the conduct of More, and of the illustrious individual whose vast and various powers of mind, whose unsullied integrity, and whose ardent and consistent patriotism, are now reflecting a dignity on the same office, infinitely superior to any which it can bestow. One sentence, however, we cannot help quoting from Sir J. Mackintosh's statement, and will leave the application to our readers : "He is said to have dispatched the causes before him so speedily, that on being asked for the next, he was told that none remained."

It was in this year that More composed the extraordinary work by which he has been best known to men of letters on the continent. This was his "Utopia."❤ The limits of this sketch will not allow of our giving any description of In bestowing the Great Seal on More, Henry it, further than that it was designed as the plan had hoped to gain his sanction and authority to of an imaginary Commonwealth; and embodies his project of divorcing his Queen, Cathathe author's notions of the perfection of civil rine of Arragon, and marrying Anne Boleyn. government. From 1517 to 1522, he was em- This scheme, however, More could not consciployed on various missions at Bruges and entiously countenance, and on being pressed by Calais, of the irksomeness of which we may the King for his opinion, he excused himself as form some idea from a passage in one of the unqualified to enter on such questions, and reletters of Erasmus. He writes, "More is still commended him to the study of some of the at Calais, of which he is heattily tired. He Fathers, whose evidence would be unbiassed by lives with great expense, and is engaged in any fear of his displeasure. This was but little business most odious to him. Such are the satisfactory to Henry. He took another opporrewards reserved by Kings for their favourites."tunity of requesting his advice; on which More In 1523, however, his duties assumed a more gave it fearlessly against his master's wishes. important and influential aspect; for the Parlia. Henry professed himself free from all feelings ment which met in the spring of this year of displeasure; and allowed him to retain his made choice of him as their Speaker, and per- office. But More, perceiving the vigorous mansisted in their election in spite of his declining ner in which Henry was nevertheless prosecuting the situation, on the ground of incompetency. his design, procured from his friend, the Duke of The magnanimous manner in which he dis- Norfolk, his discharge from office, and retired charged the functions of this high office, proved once more into the bosom of his family. But him every way worthy of it. In an address to More was far too honest to be suffered to live the Sovereign, which was equally characterized even in retirement, under the government of a by respectfulness and decision, he maintained tyrant. An arbitrary edict, miscalled a law, the freedom of Parliamentary discussion, and was issued in 1534, by which it was made bigh the privileges of his order; and by the whole treason to do or write anything to the prejudice tenor of his conduct contributed, in no small or slander of the King's lawful matrimony with degree, to raise the dignity and authority of the Queen Anne, and enjoining all persons to take an oath to maintain the whole contents of the statute. SirThomas More was summoned among others to take this oath before the commissioners appointed to administer it. This he calmly and resolutely refused to do; and on the failure of all attempts

* This title is derived from the Greek, and signi; fies "nowhere." The other names of persons and places occurring in this work have a similar origin and meaning.

to persuade him to consent, he was brought to | trial at Westminster, on the 6th of May, 1535, for high treason. He defended himself in the most satisfactory manner, and with his characterestic calmness and suavity; but persisting in

the conduct which his conscience dictated, he was condemned, and perished at the block on the 5th of July, 1535, the martyr of veracity. Such were the principal events in the history of this venerable man. The delineation of his character shall be left to the pen of his equally endowed biographer; and in extracting it for our readers, we believe that we are presenting them with one of his happiest productions.

"Of all men nearly perfect, Sir Thomas More had perhaps, the clearest marks of individual character. His peculiarities, though distinguishing him from all others, were yet withheld from growing into moral faults. It is not enough to say of him that he was unaffected, that he was natural, that he was simple; so the larger part of truly great men have been. But there is something homespun in More which is common to him with scarcely any other, and which gives to all his faculties and qualities the appearance of being the native growth of the soil. The homeliness of his pleasantry purifies it from show. He walks on the scaffold clad only in his household goodness. The unrefined benignity with which he ruled his patriarchal dwelling at Chelsea, enabled him to look upon the axe without being disturbed by feeling hatred for the tyrant. This quality bound together his genius and learning, his eloquence and fame, with his homely and daily duties, bestowing a genuineness on all his good qualities, a dignity on the most ordinary offices of life, and an accessible familiarity on the virtues of a hero and a martyr, which silences every suspicion that his excellences were magnified.

"He thus simply performed great acts, and uttered great thoughts, because they were familiar to his great soul. The charm of this inborn and homebred character seems as if it would have been taken off by polish. It is this household character which relieves our notion of him from vagueness, and divests perfection of that generality and coldness to which the attempt to paint a perfect man is so liable. "It will naturally, and very strongly, excite the regret of the good in every age, that the life of this best of men should have been in the power of him who was rarely surpassed in wickedness. But the execrable Henry was the means of drawing forth the magnanimity, the fortitude, and the meekness of More. Had Henry been a just and merciful monarch, we should not have known the degree of excellence to which human nature is capable of ascending. Catholics ought to see in More, that mildness and candour are the true ornaments of all modes of faith. Protestants ought to be taught humility and

charity from this instance of the wisest and best of men falling into, what they deem, the most fatal errors. All men, in the fierce contests of contending factions should, from such an example, learn the wisdom to fear lest in their most hated antagonist they may strike down a Sir Thomas More; for assuredly virtue is not so narrow as to be confined to any party; and we have, in the case of More, a signal example that the nearest approach to perfect excellence does not exempt men from mistakes which we may justly deem mischievous. It is a pregnant proof, that we should beware of hating men for their opinions, or of adopting their doctrines because we love and venerate their virtues."

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CAPTAIN COOK AT OWHYEE.

IN the interest ng volumes of Mr. Ellis under the somewhat infelicitous title of Polynesian Researches," a large fund of information respecting the traditions, social habits, superstitions, and political institutes of the South Sea Islanders is contained. The change effected throughout these Islands, by the enlightened and self-denying labours of the Christian Missionaries, must be highly gratifying to every humane mind. The following extracts of Mr. Ellis's visit to the scene of Captain Cook's death, and of the superstitious veneration in which his memory is held by the natives, will, we think, be read with great interest.

CALIGULA.-At an exhibition of gladiators, he caused the survivors to be sold by auction. While so employed, he observed that one Aponius was dozing in his seat, when turning to the auctioneer, he desired him "on no account to neglect the biddings of the gentleman who was nodding to him from the benches!" Finally, thirteen gladiators were knocked down to the unconscious bidder for nearly 73,000/.

"

In the afternoon, Mr. Thurston and I climbed the village, and visited the cave in which the body of rocks which rise in a northwest direction from the Captain Cook, was deposited, on being first taken from the beach......The cave itself is of volcanic formation, and appears to have been one of those subterranean tunnels so numerous on the Island, by which the volcanoes in the interior sometimes discharge their contents upon the shore. It is five feet high, and the entrance about eight or ten feet wide. The roof and sides within are of obsidian or hard vitreous lava; and along the floor, it is evident that in some remote period a stream of the same kind of lava has also flowed.

'The

Cook's visit, if not also his person, though he was at Maui at the time of his death. More than once, when conversing with us on the length of time the Missionaries had been in the Society Islands, they have said, 'Why did you not come here sooner? Was it because we killed Captain Cook?'.. ...It has been supposed that the circumstance of Capt. Cook's bones having been separated, and the flesh taken from them, was evidence of a savage and unrelenting barbarity; but so far from this, it was the we may also mention here the reason for which result of the highest respect they could shew him. the remains of Captain Cook received, as was the case, the worship of a god. Among the Kings who governed Hawail, or an extensive district in the island, during what may in its chronology be called the fabulous age, was Rono or Orono; who, on some account, became offended with his wife, and

murdered her; but afterwards lamented the act so much, as to induce a state of mental derangement. In this state he travelled through all the islands, boxing and wrestling with every one he met. He subsequently set sail in a singular-shaped canoe for Tahiti, or a foreign country. After his departure he was deified by his countrymen, and annual games of boxing and wrestling were instituted to his honour. As soon as Captain Cook arrived, it was supposed and reported, that the god Rono was returned; the priests clothed him with the sacred cloth worn only by the god, conducted him to their temples, sacrificed animals to propitiate his favour, and hence the people prostrated themselves before him as he walked through the villages. But when, in the attack made upon him, they saw his blood running, and heard his groans, they said, 'No, this is not Rono.' Some however, after his death, still sup"There are a number of persons at Kaavaroa, and posed him to be Rono, and expected he would appear other places in the Islands, who were either present again. Some of his bones, his ribs and breast bone, themselves at the unhappy dispute, which in this were considered sacred, as part of Rono, and deposited vicinity terminated the valuable life of the celebrated in a heiau (temple) dedicated to Rono, on the oppoCaptain Cook, or who, from their connexion with site side of the island. There religious homage was those who were on the spot, are well acquainted paid to them, and from thence they were annually with the particulars of that melancholy event. With carried in procession to several other heiaus, or many of them we have frequently conversed, and borne by the priests round the island, to collect the though their narratives differ in a few smaller points, offerings of the people, for the support of the worthey all agree in the main facts with the account ship of the god Rono. The bones were preserved published by Captain King, his successor..... in a small basket of wicker-work, completely covered foreigner,' they say, was not to blame; for, in the over with red feathers; which in those days were first instance, our people stole his boat, and he, in considered the most valuable article the natives posorder to recover it, designed to take our King on sessed.... The Missionaries in the Society Islands board his ship, and detain him there till it should be had, by means of some Sandwich islanders, been restored. Kapena Kuke and Taraiopu, our King, long acquainted with the circumstance of some of were walking towards the shore, when our people, Captain Cook's bones being preserved in conscious of what had been done, thronged round of their temples, and receiving religious wor the King, and objected to his going any further. His ship; and since the time of my arrival, in comwife also joined her entreaties that he would not go pany with the deputation from the London Missionary Society, in 1822, every endeavour has been on board the ships. While he was hesitating, a man came running from the other side of the bay, entered made to learn, though without success, whether the crowd almost b reathless, and exclaimed-'It is they were still in existence, and where they were war! the foreigners have commenced hostilities, kept. All those of whom inquiry has been made have have fired on a canoe from one of their boats, and uniformly asserted, that they were formerly kept by killed a chief." This enraged some of our people, the priests of Rono, and worshipped, but have never and alarmed the chiefs, as they feared Captain Cook given any satisfactory information as to where they with stones, clubs, and spears. Kanona entreated Heuaheva, the chief Priest, or any of the chiefs, they are now. Whenever we have asked the King, or would kill the King. The people armed themselves The King sat down. The Captain seemed agitated, about them, or that they were now lost. The best conher husband not to go. All the chiefs did the same. have either told us they were under the care of those who had themselves said they knew nothing when one of our men attacked him with a spear: heclusion we may form is, that part of Captain Cook's turned, and, with his double-barrelled gun, shot the man who struck him. Some of our people then threw stones at him, which being seen by his men, they fired on us. Captain Cook then endeavoured to stop his men from firing, but could not, on account of the noise. He was turning again to speak to us, when he was stabbed in the back with a pahoa; a spear was at the same time driven through his body; he fell into the water, and spoke no more.

After he was dead, we all wailed. His bones were separated-the flesh was scraped off and burnt, they died. We thought it was the god Rono, woras was the practice in regard to our own chiefs when shipped him as such, and, after his death, reverenced his bones.'

"Many of the chiefs frequently express the sorrow they feel whenever they think of the Captain; and even the common people usually speak of these facts with apparent regret. Yet they exonerate the King Taraiopu from all blame, as nothing was done by his orders. I was once in a house in Oahu with Karaimoku, and several other chiefs, looking over the plates in the folio edition of Cook's Voyages. They were greatly affected with the print which re presented his death, and inquired if I knew the names of those who were slain on that occasion. I perceived Karaimoku more than once wipe the tears from his eyes, while conversing about this melancholy event. He said he recollected Captain

one

bones were preserved by the priests, and were considered sacred by the people probably till the aboli tion of idolatry in 1819; that at that period they were committed to the secret care of some chief, or deposited by the priests who had charge of them in a cave unknown to all besides themselves. The manner in which they were then disposed of will, it is presumed, remain a secret, till the knowledge of it is entirely lost. The priests and chiefs always appear unwilling to enter into conversation upon the subject, and desirous to avoid the recollection of the unhappy

circumstance."

LAKE OF VITRIOL.-There is, in the island of Java, a volcano, called Mount Idienne, from which the Dutch East India Company have been often supplied with sulphur for the manufacture of gunpowder. At the foot of this volcano is a vast natural manufactury of that acid commonly called oil of vitriol, although it is there largely diluted with water. It is a lake about 1,200 French feet long; the water is warm, and of a greenish white colour, and charged with acid. The taste of this liquid is sour, pungent, and caustic; it kills all the fish of a river into which it flows, gives violent colics to those who drink it, and destroys all the vegetation on its banks.-(Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopædia.)

THE IMPORTANCE OF TRIFLES.!

WHEN Robert Bruce, king of Scotland, "had retreated to one of the miserable places of shelter in which he could venture to take some repose after his disasters, he lay stretched on a handful of straw, and abandoned himself to his melancholy meditations. He had now been defeated four times, and was on the point of resolving to abandon all hopes of farther opposition to his fate, and to go to the Holy Land. It chanced, his eye while thus pondering, was attracted by the exertions of a spider, who, in order to fix its web, endeavoured to swing itself from one beam to another above his head. Involuntarily he became interested in the pertinacity with which the insect renewed its exertions after falling six times. At the seventh, it gained its object ;" and Bruce, in consequence, was encouraged to persevere until he carried his own.

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| her savings for the money advanced for her freedom. And yet these are the people who are described as unfit to obtain their freedom. I could mention another instance, that 2001., with which he purchased his freedom. of a Negro named Richard Brown, who saved Was this man idle? He also purchased his wife. Was he still idle! He, in addition, purchased a piece of land from Samuel Molton Barnett; and though I have never seen the flag of liberty waving over the house of that poor man, I have often witnessed the blessings of liberty enjoyed under its roof. This poor man

also took in his aged mother, who had been for some time CAST OFF BY HER OWNERS. Yet these were the men unfit to have freedom be

MUMMIES.-The mountains in this neighbourhood,

Runaway from this estate, a Negro man, stowed upon them!"
named John, but more commonly called John
Cooper. HE IS SUPPOSED TO BE HAR-
Great House on the Grove Estate, now under
BOURED BY HIS WIFE, who lives at the
rent to W. Bumthorn, Esq. The above reward
will be cheerfully paid to any person that will
deliver him to the subscriber.

66

called Goorno, have for some centuries been the cemeteries for the dead; and notwithstanding the havoc which, during some years, has been made amongst them, their contents appear inexhaustible. It would scarcely be an exaggeration to say that the mountains are merely roofs over the masses of mummics within them. The coffins serve as fire-wood to the whole neighbourhood; I saw nothing else burnt. At first I did not relish the idea of my dinner being dressed with this resurrection wood, particularly as two or three of the coffin-lids, which, as I said before, were in the shape of human figures, were

"SAMUEL L. BRIDGES. "Crabb's, 29th May, 1832." In another number of the same paper is usually seen standing upright against the tree under the following:

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Marshall's Office, 1st June, 1832.
"Notice is hereby given, that the sale of a
Slave named John, levied upon by virtue of
executions against Sarah F. Gambles, deceased;
also the sale of Mary, levied upon by virtue of
an execution against Arabella Knewslub, de-
ceased, which were to have taken place on the
23d of May, stand postponed to Wednesday
next, the 6th instant, at Brown's Tavern, at 11

o'clock in the forenoon.

"MARTIN NANTON,
"Dep. Prov. Marshall."

The above Slave has already made an effort to leave the Island, and masters of vessels At a period much later, we have, in the are now cautioned, lest they may be induced by case of Mungo Park, a striking illustra-him to favour his escape. tion of the use which Providence often makes of the most trifling means to animate the mind. When travelling in Africa, he was seized by a banditti, plundered, and left almost entirely destitute of clothing. In this wretched situation he sat for some time looking around him with amazement and horror. "In the midst of a vast wilderness; in the depth of the rainy season; naked and alone; surrounded by savage animals, and men still more savage; five hundred miles from the nearest European settlement" -all these circumstances crowded at once on his recollection, and no wonder that his spirits (as he confesses) began to fail him. "At this moment (says he), painful as my recollections were, the extraordinary beauty of a small moss, in fructification, irresistibly caught my eye. I mention this (he adds) to show from what trifling circumstances the mind will sometimes derive consolation; for though the whole plant was not larger than one of my fingers, I could not contemplate the delicate conformation of its roots, leaves, and capsula, without admiration. Can that Being (thought I) who planted, watered, and brought to perfection, in this obscure part of the world, a thing which appears of so small importance, look with unconcern on the situation and sufferings of creatures formed after his own image? Surely not! Reflections like these would not allow me to despair. I started up, and, disregarding both hunger and fatigue, travelled forwards, assured that relief was at hand, and I was not diappointed."

PAY OF A ROMAN ACTOR.-The daily pay of Roscius, the greatest actor of Rome, was somewhere about thirty pounds sterling. His annual profit, according to Pliny, was four thousand pounds, but five thousand according to Cicero. Roscius was a generous, benevolent man and a great contemner of money; for having amassed sufficient to satisfy his wishes by the exercise of his art, he for ten years bestowed his labours gratuitously upon the people, thus voluntarily sacrificing the sum of fifty thousand pounds.

Let us hear the testimony of a disinterested eye-witness on the Negro's love of freedom. In the course of his speech at the public meeting at Exeter Hall, Mr. Knibb, the Baptist Missionary, said,

which the cook was performing his operations, staring with their large eyes, as if in astonishment, at the new world upon which they had opened. - (Mrs. Lushington's Narrative.)

LACE MADE BY CATERPILLARS.-A most extraordinary species of manufacture, which is in a slight degree connected with copying, has been contrived by an officer of engineers residing at Munich. It consists of lace, and veils, with open patterns in them, made entirely by caterpillars. The following is the mode of proceeding adopted :-Having made a paste of the leaves of the plant, on which the species of caterpillar he employs feeds, he spreads it thinly over a stone, or other flat substance, of the required size. He then with a camel-hair pencil dipped in olive oil, draws the pattern he wishes the insects to leave open. This stone is then placed in the caterpillars are placed at the bottom. A peculiar species is chosen, which spins a strong web; and the animals commence at the bottom, eating and spinning their way up to the top, carefully avoiding every part touched by the oil, but devouring every other part of the paste. The extreme lightness of these veils, combined with some strength, is truly surprising. One of them, measuring twenty-six and a half inches by seventeen inches, weighed only 1.51 grains a degree of lightness which will appear more strongly by contrast with other fabrics. One square yard of the substance of which these veils are made weighs four grains and one-third, whilst one square seven grains, and one square yard of the finest payard of silk gauze weighs one hundred and thirtytent net weighs two hundred and sixty-two grains and a half.

an inclined position, and a considerable number of

ERRATUM IN THE TOURIST, No. 5, page 40,

NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.

"We are told that Negroes do not like their freedom; that they do not wish for it. Only try them. Let me be sent out with the charter of their freedom in one hand, and in the other an awl to bore to the door-post the ears of those who refuse it, and I will pledge myself to return the instrument pure and bloodless. In many cases the Negroes have made surprising exer ions to save as much money as would procure their manumission. I have myself been induced by a Negro, aged seventy-three, to purchase his freedom. Ten doubloons were at first asked; the price was then raised to fifteen, column 3, line 46, for 1793, read 1783. and, while the negociation was going on, I was arrested. On another occasion, a female Negro was put in gaol--for what? because her mistress could not pay her debts. She was put up for sale; I went to see it; the sight affected my heart, as whose would it not? Having some money at the time, I purchased for his communication, but do not think it necessary her. O, then,' some might exclaim, you also are a Slave-owner!' No; I am not a Slave-owner. When the poor creature came home to my house I was at dinner; I said, your shackles are off-you are free. The name of this poor woman is Amelia Sutherland. Well, did this woman, on obtaining her free dom, turn out to be an idle and careless person? O yes!' doubtless, some will exclaim. But no; she did not turn out either idle or careless; Printed and Published by J. CRISP, at No. 13, on the contrary, she set herself diligently to work, and paid me a dollar a week out of

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M. D. is informed that the mistake he alludes to was corrected in the following Number.

We are obliged to our Correspondent, Mr. Chambers, to notice the numerous falsehoods of the kind he mentions, which are daily published. Such gross misrepresentations carry with them their own refutation.

A Correspondent, whose letter is mislaid, complains of certain articles in one of the early numbers of “The Tourist." The present Editor is not responsible for them.

Wellington-street, Strand, where all Advertisements and Communications for the Editor are to be addressed.

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