151 THE TOURIST. " MONDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1833. SIERRA LEONE. THE pro-slavery writers are perpetually assuring us that the African race are naturally indolent and disposed to barbarism. The absurd theory of Major Moody is propounded in a thousand forms, each of which is alike discreditable to the heart and head of its propounder. The colonists have so industriously circulated this charge of indolence and barbarism that many well-meaning persons have been deluded by it. Fears are, consequently, entertained of the effects of immediate abolition, and the cause of humanity is thereby weakened. We have already seen, in the case of the free coloured and black population of our colonies, as also in those of Hayti anders, Guadaloupe, how triumphantly the African race are vindicated from the charges which have been preferred against them! This vindication will be rendered still more complete by a consideration of the facts which will be elicited in the present paper. "An anxious desire to obtain and enjoy the luxuries of life is apparent in every village, from the oldest settler to the liberated African of yes. terday. European articles of dress are the first objects of their desire, and for the means of acquiring these both sexes will cheerfully labour; and a gradual improvement has taken place in their dwellings, as they became possessed of the necessary means for that purpose. "Of the practicability of introducing free labour amongst the liberated Africans settled here I have not the slightest doubt; nor do I believe they would work half as well in any other way. unless the greatest cruelty should be exercised to Again, under date of the 15th of November, 1827, Colonel Denham writes: "The general appearance of the Nova Scotia | enable them to purchase. Indeed, to the many hunsettlers differs but little from that of the free people dreds of liberated Africans that have been employed of colour in the West Indies. On Sundays as labourers on the different government works, as their dress is neat and clean, and their general de-well as on the buildings erected by private indivi portment very respectable. This remark is equally duals during the last few years, may in some mea applicable to all the other coloured classes which sure be attributed the comparatively small number THE SAFETY Of Immediate EMAN- compose the resident population of Freetown, of agricultural labourers in the villages. Labourwhere great external respect is paid to the sab- ers' wages have varied from one shilling to sixpence CIPATION. bath. Of the maroons they say,They happened per day, yet has there never been a deficiency of No. V. to arrive at a time when their services were much liberated Africans who were willing to labour for wanted to repel a hostile attack, on which occasion hire. On the naval stores now erecting by conthey appear to have conducted themselves well; tract on King Tom's Point, are nearly two hunand they have since maintained pretty generally dred liberated African labourers, who work well the good opinion then formed of them. Several and steadily at twenty shillings per month, one of them have been successful in trade, by which half paid in money, and the remainder in goods, they have acquired a comfortable livelihood: and taken from the stores of the merchants who have a few of them who are most extensively engaged the contract. in mercantile transactions are supposed to have attained to considerable affluence, at the same time that they have maintained a character of great respectability. The dress and general appearance of the Maroons is very respectable, particularly on Sundays, when a peculiar neatness is observable, and their deportment not only in chapel, but as far as opportunities have offered of observing it elsewhere during that day, is very creditable.'The slaves banished from Barbadoes were employed in public works for two or three years. At the expiration of this time,' say the Commissionthey were permitted to employ themselves for their own benefit, and they have in general shown themselves to be industrious and useful.wards them." in the colony, they say, Of the black soldiers of the African corps settled industrious. They have generally maintained a Many of them appear respectable character, and have by their own exertions (aided by some liberal residents), and unMany large bodies of manumitted Africans der the zealous superintendence of the Rev. Mr. have been located within the last fifty years Raban, erected a chapel in the distant part of the at Sierra Leone. It is well known that about town (Freetown) where they reside. That gentle2000 negroes joined the British army during man officiates there two days in a week to a conthe first American war. These were settled gregation averaging perhaps one hundred persons, in Nova Scotia; but the climate proving too whose appearance and deportment are very creditcold, and the land too poor for them, between able.' Speaking of the inhabitants generally, the 13 and 1400 volunteered, a few years after der this term they include the blacks who form Commissioners observe, The coloured men (unthe termination of the war, to form the colony the great bulk of the population, and who in fact which was then projected at Sierra Leone. are the persons who sit on juries,) whom we have Several hundred negroes who had belonged to had opportunities of observing on juries, appeared the 2nd and 4th West India regiments, and attentive and anxious to ascertain the merits of Royal African corps, were also landed at this the case; and as far as we could judge from their colony, and manumitted in 1819. A large verdict, seemed to be possessed of sufficient intelbody of Maroons was also conveyed thither ligence to insure the ends of justice. They are from Jamaica in 1801, and in 1816 the popu-selected principally from the older settlers (Nova lation was increased by a body of revolted Scotians and Maroons) and in some few instances slaves banished from Barbadoes. About 30,000 from the liberated Africans. The individual at Africans have also been landed in Sierra Leone present holding the office of Coroner at Freetown, is a Maroon. The present Mayor is one of the within the last twenty years. These have been taken from the holds of slave-ships, and with-early Nova Scotia settlers; the senior Alderman one of the early Maroon settlers." out a moment's preparation have been put in possession of their liberty. The condition in which they are landed is frequently pitiable in the extreme-sorrow, confinement, and cruel usage, having reduced them to the last stage of weakness and disease. The men are allowed twopence per day for six months, and the women for three months. Through the increased vigilance of our cruisers the number landed has of late been very considerable. In 1824 it was 1530; in 1825, 2337; in 1826, 2727; and in 1827, 2857. This testimony is the more valuable as The parliamentary paper of the 17th of "I know nothing of what may be the capabilities of the negro vassal, but I am sure the free negro, either in his own country, or in any other where bondage has never existed, is as sensible of rights and privileges, and as ready to defend them, as any white man in existence; and I defy any man to show any instance among negroes in this state of that natural dislike to whites, which has been reported and acknowledged as a fact by white man is always looked up to as their superior, theorists and West Indians; on the contrary, the their protector, and their friend, whenever he will allow himself to be so considered." ham, reports to the same effect. In a letter Major Ricketts, a successor of Colonel Dendated March 27, 1829, he writes: "The liberated Africans appear happy; at Wellington they are building by subscription among the inhabitants a good-sized church and market-house of store; and a number of private store buildings are springing up. The manager at Hastings is endeavouring to erect new bridges with the workmen and others of the village, who give labour and furnish materials gratis. Several of the liberated Africans who have obtained lots of land in Freetown, have built good houses.Many of them and of the disbanded soldiers employ themselves in the burning of lime, sawing of boards, cutting shingles aud clap-boards; all of which are carried for miles from the spot where they are prepared to their villages, and from thence either brought to Freetown by land, or by water in canoes, which are kept and hired out for that purpose by the liberated Africans, residing in vil"What this colony, or rather the liberated Afri-lages situated on the banks of the river or on the cans, have felt the most want of, is instruction, sea-coast. In return for these articles they genecapital, and example. With the very little they rally receive cash, which is not kept dormant, for Here, then, we are furnished with an oppor- have had of either conveyed in a manner likely to with that they purchase cattle from the natives tunity of submitting the conflicting theories of benefit them generally, IT IS TO ME DAILY AN IN- trading to the colony; and taking them to the the abolitionists, and of their opponents, to the CREASING SUBJECT OF ASTONISHMENT that the libe- country villages they are fattened and afterwards unerring test of facts. What has been the his-rated Africans settled here have done so much for sent to the market, and a profit of nearly one tory of this colony? What is the report which themselves as they have. hundred per cent. is realized by this species of its present and past condition furnishes in il- "The propensities of the people located in the dif- industry. Pigs and poultry are raised in the villustration of the African character? Our reply ferent settlements are very generally in favour of lages, and the market of Freetown receives from to these questions shall be drawn from official agriculture. documents. In 1825 commissioners were appointed to inquire into the state of the colony, and their report was ordered by the House of Commons to be printed, May 7, 1827. The commissioners say: "I have not observed any disinclination for voluntary labour; it appears to be a system perfectly understood and practised by the liberated Africans here, and strengthens with their strength, as they become more sensible of the sweets of labour, by enjoying the profits of it, and the comforts those profits them an ample supply daily of this kind of stock, persons supplying the market are known to travel as well as of eggs and vegetables. Some of the from Waterloo and Hastings, the former being twenty-two and the latter sixteen miles from Freetown, carrying their produce in baskets on their heads; this kind of industry clearly mani food and clothing. The schools for the admission letter of the date of October 1, 1826. "Coer- fests the desire the liberated Africans have to la- LANDSCAPE GARDENING. metry and harmony between the baronial palace itself and these its natural appendages, THE garden, at first intended merely for which recommended them to the judgment as producing esculent vegetables, fruits, and well as the eye. The shrubs themselves were flowers, began to assume another character, as artificial, inasmuch as they were either exotic, soon as the increase of civilization tempted the or, if indigenous, were treated in a manner and feudal baron to step a little way out of the li- presented an appearance which was altogether mits of his fortifications, and permitted his high the work of cultivation. The examination of dame to come down from her seat upon the such objects furnished amusement to the merecastle walls, so regularly assigned her by an-ly curious, information to the scientific, and cient Minstrels, and tread the neighbouring precincts which art had garnished for her reception. These gardens were defended with walls, as well for safety as for shelter; they were often surrounded with fosses, had the command of water, and gave the disposer of the ground an opportunity to display his taste, by intoducing canals, basins, and fountains, the margins of which admitted of the highest architectural ornament. As art enlarged its range, and the nobles were satisfied with a display of magnificence, to atone for the abridgment of their power, new ornaments were successively introduced; banqueting houses were built; terraces were extended and connected by staircases and balustrades, of the richest forms. The result was, indeed, in the highest degree, artificial; but it was a sight beautiful in itself a triumph of human art over the elements; and, connected as these ornamental gardens were with splendid mansions of the same character, there was a sym The This passage expresses exquisitely what park scenery ought to be, and what it has in some cases actually become; but we think the quotation has been used to authorise conclusions which the author never intended. Eden pleasure at least to those who only looked at was created by the almighty fiat, which called them, and passed on. Where there was little heaven and earth into existence; and poets of extent of ground, especially, what could be fit-genius much inferior, and falling far short of ter for the amusement of "learned leisure, Milton in the power of expressing their meanthan those trim gardens," which Milton has ing, would have avoided the solecism of reprerepresented as the chosen scene of the easy senting Paradise as decorated with beds and and unoccupied man of letters. He had there curious knots of flowers, with which the idea of around him the most delightful subjects of con- human labour and human care is inevitably templation, in the fruits and flowers, the connected-an impropriety, indeed, which can shrubs and trees, many of them interesting only be equalled by that of the French painter, from their novelty and peculiar appearance who gave the skin dress of our first father the and habits, inviting him to such studies as cut of a court suit. Milton nobly conceived lead from created things up to the Almighty that Eden, emanating directly from the CreaCreator. This sublime author, indeed, has been tor, must possess that majestic freedom which quoted, as bearing a testimony against the ar- characterizes even the less perfect works of natificial taste of gardening in the times when he ture; and, in doing so, he has anticipated the lived, in those well-known verses,schemes of later improvers. But, we think it extremely dubious, that he either meant to recommend landscape gardening on an extensive scale, or to censure those "trim gardens," which he has elsewhere mentioned so affectionately.-Quarterly Review. "Flowers worthy of Paradise, which not nice art -THE AMERICAN COLONIZATION SOCIETY. THIS is at once the most impudent and the most successful hoax we ever heard of. The deception which has been practised upon the minds of the benevolent in this country, by the advocates of this society, has lasted so long, that it is now high time to inquire the causes of the fact, and to remove them without delay. We cannot help attributing it in part to the remissness of the leading advocates of the abolition of slavery, in not taking more effectual means to circulate correct information respecting the real character of the Colonization Society-to show the sinister motives by which its members are actuated, the infamous object which they contemplate, and the consummate hypocrisy with which their designs are concealed in this country, though no secret is (or need be) made of them in America. We are much gratified, however, to perceive that strenuous efforts are at length making, to disabuse the minds of our countrymen, on these points. A very able and convincing article has appeared in the Eclectic Review, for February, which will, we doubt not, materially change the estimation in which American benevolence and religion are held in this part of the world; and we pledge ourselves to omit no opportunity of giving publicity to facts and opinions of the like character. The motives by which the Colonization Society are evidently actuated are, first, the most rooted aversion to the coloured population of the states; and, secondly, a consciousness of their sympathy with the sufferings of the slaves, and concern for their emancipation; and, hence, they are naturally anxious for their removal, in order that their victims may be left to their tender mercies, unprotected and unaided. In confirmation of the above remarks, we will direct the notice of our readers to various parts of documents published by this Society in America; to some facts furnished in a recent work, from the pen of Mr. Garrison, which forms the subject of the review to which we have alluded, and to some brief extracts from the review itself. 'We have a numerous people who, though they | can blood in his veins, and every other class in the are among us, are not of us.'Second An. Report of N. York Col. Soc. Among us is a growing population of strangers. *It will furnish the means of granting to every African exile among us, a happy home in the land of his fathers.'-Rev. Baxter Dickinson's Sermon. community. The habits, the feelings, all the prejudices of society-prejudices which neither refinement, nor argument, nor education, nor religin itself can subdue-mark the people of colour, whether bond or free, as the subjects of a degradation inevitable and incurable. The African in this country belongs by birth to the very lowest station in society; and from that station he can never rise, be his talents, his enterprise, his virtues what they may... . They constitute a class by themselves a class out of which no individual We shall present from the same source can be elevated, and below which none can be desome more general evidence of the same in-pressed.'-African Repository, Vol. IV., PP. famous and unchristian spirit. Africa is indeed inviting her long exiled children to return to her bosom.'-Circular of Rev. Mr. Gurley." 117-119. The 'Here, invincible prejudices exclude them from the enjoyment of the society of the whites, and deny them all the advantages of free men. bar, the pulpit, and our legislative halls are shut to them by the irresistible force of public sentiment. No talents, however great; no piety, however pure and devoted; no patriotism, however ardent, can secure their admission. They constantly hear the accents and behold the triumph of a liberty which here they can never enjoy.— Ib., Vol. VI., p. 17. face of the earth; and he who practically denies which neither legislation nor Christianity can remove?" Let the free black in this country toil from youth to age in the honourable pursuit of wisdom-let him store his mind with the most valuable researches of science and literature-and let him add to a highly gifted and cultivated intellect, a piety pure, undefiled, and "unspotted be received into the very lowest walks of society. from the world"—it is all nothing: he would not If we were constrained to admire so uncommon a being, our admiration would mingle with disgust; because, in the physical organization of his frame, we meet an insurmountable barrier even to an approach to social intercourse; and in the Egyptian colour which nature has stamped upon his features, a principle of repulsion so strong as to forbid the idea of a communion, either of interest or of feeling, as utterly abhorrent. Whether these feelings are founded in reason or not, we will not now inquire-perhaps, they are not. But education, and habit, and prejudice have so firmly riveted them upon us, that they have become as strong as nature itself. moval, or even their slightest modification, would And to expect their rebe as idle and preposterous as to expect that we could reach forth our hands, and remove the mountains from their foundations into the valleys which are beneath them.'-Ib., Vol. VII., pp. 195, 231. "No one who is aware of the intense, the almost savage antipathy which inspires an American towards the coloured races, will accuse us Indians, with all their faults, discover a less unof exaggeration. In this respect, our own West conquerable prejudice. It seems inherited less, indeed, from the European, than from the aboriginal Indian, between whom and the negro there exists a peculiar mutual repugnance, as there is also the most extreme physical contrariety. The very sight of a gentleman of colour, whatever his wealth and intelligence, at the same dinner-table, in the same box of a theatre, still more at the same altar, would, even in this country, throw an American into the agitation of suppressed rage. The well-authenticated anecdotes we have heard, illustrative of this fact, would be simply amusing, were it not for the serious consequences of this absurd prejudice. When we find such a spirit as this With respect to the first motive which we in Christians, we may well cease to wonder at the have attributed to this society, we have one haughty prejudice of the ancient Jews towards rather curious fact to offer, supplied from the the Gentiles, which led them to resent our Saviabove sources. Will our readers believe that our's eating with 'publicans and sinners,' and to the Americans in the nineteenth century are exclaim, respecting the apostle of the Gentiles, at once so besotted, and so paltry, as to attempt Away with this fellow: he is not fit to live.' to get rid of the fact, that they and their colour- The conduct of the Brahmins towards the inferior ed brethren belong to the same country? Let castes finds its counterpart, in the nineteenth cen- The Soodra is not further separated from the us listen for a moment to the Eclectic Review.tury, among the philosophic republicans of Ame- Brahmin, in regard to all his privileges, civil, inIn proof of this, we shall transcribe a tellectual, and moral, than the negro is from the few sentences from the publications of the advo-white man, by the prejudices which result from cates of Colonization. the difference made between them by the God of nature.'-Seventh Annual Report of Col. Soc. Strange to say, every black man born in America, is called an African. Although our American brethren have so long ceased to regard. England as their mother country, notwithstanding that they are, in language, in religion, and in many essential characteristics, Englishmen, yet, they persist in calling Africa the native country of a race born on their own soil, of parents born in America for many generations upward; and in representing these coloured freemen, their own countrymen, every inch Americans, as poor unfortunate exiles from their much loved Guinea or Congo!' Our readers will require proof of this most palpable absurdity. The following are given by M. Garrison as illustrative specimens: At no very distant period, we should see all the free coloured people in our land, transferred to their own country. * Let us send them back to their native land. **** By returning them to their own ancient land of Africa, improved in knowledge and in civilization, we repay the debt which has so long been due to them.' -African Repository. * * * * : rica. Christianity cannot do for them here, what it will do for them in Africa. of the coloured man, nor of the white man, wor of This is not the fault Christianity; but an ordination of Providence, and no more to be changed than a law of nature.' -Fifteenth An. Rep. Among the twelve millions who make up our census, two millions are Africans-separated from the possessors of the soil by birth, by the brand of indelible ignominy, by prejudices, mutual, deep, incurable, by an irreconcileable diversity of interests. They are aliens and outcasts ;-they are, as a body, degraded beneath the influence of nearly all the motives which prompt other men to enterprise, and almost below the sphere of virtuous affections. abilities, more or less galling and severe, in almost The coloured people are subject to legal disWhatever may be attempted for the general im- every State of the Union. Who has not deeply provement of society, their wants are untouched. regretted their late harsh expulsion from the State Whatever may be effected for elevating the mass of Ohio, and their being forced to abandon the of the nation in the scale of happiness, or of in-country of their birth, which had profited by their tellectual and moral character, their degradation labours, and to take refuge in a foreign land? is the same,--dark, and deep, and hopeless. Be- Severe regulations have been recently passed in nevolence seems to overlook them, or struggles for Louisiana, to prevent the introduction of free their benefit in vain. Patriotism forgets them, or people of colour into the State. Wherever they remembers them only with shame for what has appear, they are to be banished in 60 days. The been, and with dire forebodings for what is yet to strong opposition to a negro college in New Haven, .. In every part of the United States, speaks, in a language not to be mistaken, the there is a broad and impassable line of demarca-jealousy with which they are regarded. And tion between every man who has one drop of Afri- there is no reason to expect that the lapse of cen come... turies will make any change in this respect.'Matthew Carey's Reflections. . With us, colour is the bar. Nature has raised up barriers between the races, which no man, with a proper sense of the dignity of his species, desires to see surmounted.'-Speeches at the formation of a Col. Soc. in New York, pp. 135-140. "And this in America! These are the fruits of reason and philosophy, in a republic founded on the rights of man, and glorying in the political equality of its citizens, while every sixth individual is a soodra, the victim of a prejudice as senseless, of injustice as enormous, as ever dis graced a heathen nation. Talk of freedom, of toleration, of justice, in a country where a free citizen may be expelled from his native soil, because of his complexion! Why Russia and its autocrat appear to advantage in comparison with this ruthless, irresponsible despotism. And, then, think of the blasphemy of making the Deity an accomplice in this cruelty and injustice, by reresolving it into an ordination of Providence,' a law of the God of nature,' which defies the utmost power of Christianity, which religion cannot, that is, shall not subdue! How must this language of obstinate determination and defiance sound in the ears of heaven! How righteously will the refusal to inquire whether these feelings be founded in reason or not, whether they be consonant with justice and religion or not, be visited with a rebuke of fearful indignation! When we read such expressions, we are forcibly reminded of the emphatic words of President Jefferson in reference to slavery: I tremble for my country, when I reflect that God is just, and that his justice cannot sleep for ever."" seen. A SEAMAN'S FUNERAL. VERY shortly after poor Jack dies, he is prepared for his deep-sea grave by his messmates, who, with the assistance of the sailmaker, and in the presence of the master-atarms, sew him up in his hammock, and, having placed a couple of cannon shot at his feet, they rest the body, (which now not a little resembles an Egyptian mummy,) on a spare grating. Some portion of the bedding and clothes are always made up in the package, apparently to prevent the form being too much It is then carried off, and, being placed across the after-hatchway, the union jack is thrown over all. Sometimes it is placed between two of the guns, under the half-deck; but generally, I think, he is laid where I have mentioned, just abaft the mainmast. I should have mentioned before, that as soon as the surgeon's ineffectual professional offices are at an end, he walks to the quarter-deck, and reports to the officer on the watch that one of his patients has just expired. At whatever hour of the day or night this occurs, the captain is immediately made acquainted with the circum stance. Next day, generally about eleven o'clock, the bell on which the half hours are struck is tolled for the funeral; and all who choose to be present assemble on the gangways, booms, and round the mainmast, while the forepart of the quarter-deck is occupied by the officers. In some ships-and, perhaps, it ought to be so in all-it is made imperative on the officers and crew to attend the ceremony. If such attendance he a proper mark of respect to a professional brother, as it surely is, it ought to be enforced, and not left to caprice. There may be, indeed, times of great fatigue, when it would harass men and officers needlessly, to oblige them to come on deck, for every funeral; and, upon such occasions, the watch on deck may be sufficient.-Or, when some dire disease gets into the ship, and is cutting down her crew by some daily and nightly, or, it may be hourly ravages, and when, two or three times on watch, the ceremony must be repeated, those only, whose turn it is to be on deck, DAVID'S LOVE FOR SAUL'S DAUGHTER. need be assembled. In such fearful times, After these disclosures, we think our readers will agree with us, that a lower tone of profession (if not the silence of shame) becomes our American brethren. In spite of the number of Christian ministers and professors connected with the Colonization Society, we are unwilling to believe that it is by any means universally advocated or approved. Until, however, it is abandoned and repented of in dust and ashes, we trust, we shall hear less of their religious prosperity, and no more of their "liberty and equality the funeral is generally made to follow close upon the death. While the people are repairing to the quarter-deck, in obedience to the summons of the bell, the grating on which the body is placed, being lifted from the main-deck by the messmates of the man who has died, is made to rest across the lee-gangway. The stanchions for the man-ropes of the side are unshipped, and an opening made at the after-end of the haminock-netting, sufficiently large to allow a free passage. The body is still covered by the flag already mentioned, with the feet projecting a little over the gunwale, while the messmates of the deceased range themselves on each side. A rope, which is kept out of sight in these arrangements, is then made fast to the grating, for a purpose which will be seen presently. When all is ready, the chaplain, if there be one on board, or, if not, the captain, or any of the officers he may direct to officiate, appears on the quarter-deck, and commences the beautiful service, which, though but too familiar to most ears, I have observed, never fails to rivet the attention even of the rudest, and least reflecting. Of course, the bell has ceased to toll, and every one stands in silence and uncovered as the prayers are read. Sailors, with all their looseness of habits, are well disposed to be sincerely religious; and when they have fair play given them, they will always, I believe, be found to stand on as good low-countrymen on shore. Be this as it may, vantage ground, in this respect, as their felthere can be no more attentive, or apparently reverent auditory, than assembles on the deck of a ship of war, on the occasion of a shipmate's burial. contains the following words:-" Forasmuch The land service for the burial of the dead, as it has pleased Almighty God, of his great mercy, to take unto himself the soul of our dear brother here departed, we therefore commit his body to the ground; earth to earth, ashes to ashes, dust to dust; in sure and certain hope," &c. Every one, I am sure, who has attended the funeral of a friend-and whom will not this include?-must recollect the solemuity of that stage of the ceremony, where, as the above words are pronounced, there are cast into the grave three successive portions of earth, which, falling on the coffin, send up a hollow, mournful sound, resembling no other that I know. In the burial service at sea, the part quoted above is varied in the following very striking and impressive manner:—“ Forasmuch," &c.-" we therefore commit his body to the deep, to be turned into corruption, looking for the resurrection of the body, when the sea shall give up her dead, and the life of the world to come," &c. At the commencement of this part of the service, one of the seamen stoops down, and disengages the flag from the remains of his late shipmate, while the others, at the words, "we commit his body to the deep," project the grating right into the The body being loaded with shot at one end, glances off the grating, plunges at once into the ocean, and sea. "In a moment, like a drop of rain, He sinks into its depths with bubbling groan, Without a grave, unknelled, uncoffined, and unknown." This part of the ceremony is rather less solemn than the correspondent part on land; but still there is something impressive, as well as startling, in the sudden splash, followed by the sound of the grating, as it is towed along under the main-chains.-Captain Basil Hall's Sketches. TO TEA-DRINKERS. VESSELS intended to contain a liquid at a higher temperature than the surrounding medium, and to keep that liquid as long as possible at the higher temperature, should be constructed of materials which are the worst radiators of heat. Thus tea-urns, and tea-pots, are best adapted for their purpose, when constructed of polished metal, and worst when constructed of black porcelain. A black porcelain tea-pot is the worst conceivable material for that vessel, for both its material and colour are good radiators of heat, and the liquid contained in it cools with the greatest possible rapidity. On the other hand, a bright metal tea-pot is best adapted for the purpose, because it is the worst radiator of heat, and, therefore, cools as slowly as possible. A polished silver or brass tea-urn is better adapted to retain the heat of the water than one of a dull brown colour, such as is most commonly used. A tin kettle retains the heat of water boiled in it, more effectually if it he kept clean and polished, than if it be allowed to collect the smoke and soot, to which it is exposed from the action of the fire. When coated with this, its surface becomes rough and black, and is a powerful radiator of heat.-Dr. Lardner's Treatise on Heat. MEDICINE OF NATURE. "sul It becomes us, before we decree the honours of a cure to a favourite medicine, carefully and candidly to ascertain the exact circumstances under which it is exhibited, or we shall rapidly accumulate examples of the fallacies to which our art is exposed. What has been more common than to attribute to the efficacy of a mineral water those fortunate changes of constitution that have entirely, or in great measure, arisen from salubrity of situation, hilarity of mind, exercise of body, and regularity of habits, which have incidentally accompanied its potation. Thus the celebrated John Wesley, while he commemorates the triumph of phur and supplication" over his bodily infirmity, forgets to appreciate the resuscitating influence of four months' repose from his apostolic labours; and such is the disposition of the human mind to place confidence in the operation of mysterious agents, that we find him more disposed to attribute his cure to a brown paper plaister of egg and brimstone, than to Dr. Fothergill's salutary prescription of country air, rest, asses' milk, and horse-exercise. The ancient physicians duly appreciated the influence of such agents; their temples, like our watering-places, were the resort of those whom medicine could not cure, and we are expressly told by Plutarch that these temples, especially that of Esculapius, were erected on elevated spots, with the most congenial aspects; a circumstance which, when aided by the invigorating effects of hope, by the diversions which the patient experienced in his journey, and perhaps by the exercise to which he had been unaccustomed, certainly performed many cures. It follows, then, that in the recommendation of a watering-place, something more than the composition of a mineral spring is to direct our choice. The chemist will tell us, that the springs of Hampstead and Islington rival those of Tunbridge and Malvern; that the waters of Bagnigge Wells, as a chalybeate purgative, might supersede those of Chelten ham and Scarborough; and that an invalid would frequent, the spring in the vicinity of the Dog and Duck, in St. George's Fields, with as much advantage as the celebrated Spa at Leamington; but the physician is well aware that, by the adoption of such advice, he would deprive his patient of those most powerful auxiliaries to which I have alluded, and, above all, lose the advantage of the medicina mentis. On the other hand, the recommendation of change of air and habits will rarely inspire confidence, unless it be associated with some medicinal treatment—a truth which it is more easy and satisfactory to elucidate and enforce by examples than by precept. Let the following story by Voltaire serve as an illustration. "Ogul, a voluptuary, who could be managed but with difficulty by his physician, on finding himself extremely ill from indolence and intemperance, requested advice. Eat a Basilisk, stewed in rose-water,' replied the physician. In vain did the slaves search for a Basilisk, until they met with Zadig, who, approaching Ogul, exclaimed, Behold that which thou desirest. But, my lord,' continued he, it is not to be eaten; all its virtues must enter through thy pores; I have, therefore, enclosed it in a little ball, blown up, and covered with a fine skin: thou must strike this ball with all thy might, and I must strike it back again, for a considerable time, and by observing this regimen, and taking no other drink than rosewater for a few days, thou wilt see and acknowledge the effect of my art. The first day Ogul was out of breath, and thought he should have died from fatigue; the second he was less fatigued, and slept better: in eight days he recovered all his strength. Zadig then said to him, There is no such thing in nature as a Basilisk! but thou hast taken exercise and Edited by the late WILLIAM GREENFIELD, Superintend ant of the Editorial department of the British and Foreign Bible Society. THE HE PSALMS, Metrically and Historically The only book in the English language of its size, in large type, that contains a book of the Bible. Sold by S. Bagster, Paternoster Row; Darton, Holborn; Fry, Houndsditch; Arch, Cornhill; Darton and Co., Gracechurch Street; and all other Booksellers ja town and country. BRITISH COLLEGE OF HEALTH, KING'S CROSS, NEW ROAD, LONDON. MORISON'S UNIVERSAL VEGETABLE MEDICINE. CURE OF CHOLERA. been temperate, and hast therefore recovered thy health!" But the medical practitioner may perhaps receive more satisfaction from a modern illustration; if so, the following anecdote, related by Sydenham, may not be unacceptable. This great physician having long attended a gentleman of fortune with little or no advantage, frankly avowed his inability the same time, that there was a physician of to render him any further service, adding, at the name of Robinson, at Inverness, who had distinguished himself by the performance of many remarkable cures of the same complaint as that under which his patient laboured, and expressing a conviction that, if he applied to him, he would come back cured. This was too encouraging a proposal to be rejected; the gentleman received from Sydenham a statement of his case, with the necessary letter of from any other quarter, I was induced (by your agent, introduction, and proceeded without delay to the place in question. On arriving at Inverness, and anxiously enquiring for the residence af Dr. Robinson, he found, to his utter dismay and disappointment, that there was no physician of that name, nor ever had been in 66 To Mr. Mason, Agent for Staffordshire. SIR,-For the benefit of my fellow-sufferers I lay before you, and for the acceptance of Mr. Morison and the Britishs College of Health, a statement of my case and cure, from the use of the Universal Medicines only. About the Ist of August I was taken suddenly ill, with alarming symptoms of the disease called cholera. I lay in bed five days, in extreme torture, from constant retchings and cramps, from which I had no hope of alleviation, so many were carried off by the complaint all around me. Finding no relief Mr. Round, of Tipton,) to try Morison's Pills, which, by the blessing of God, and the use of strong doses, carried off the acrimonious humours, which I have now every reason to believe is all that is required, and restored me to health in eight days. Strongly recommending the gene ral adoption of this sure remedy, I am, Sir, most respectfully yours, SIMEON ONIONS Canal Side, Tipton Green, Sept. 12, 1822. CAUTION TO THE PUBLIC. MORISON'S UNIVERSAL MEDICINES having superseded the use of almost all the Patent Me dicines which the wholesale venders have foisted upon the credulity of the searchers after health, for so many years, the town druggists and chemists, not able to establish competition, have plunged into the mean expedient of puff. ing up a Dr. Morrison" (observe the subterfuge of the double), a being who never existed, as prescribing a "Vegetable Universal Pill, No. 1 and 2," for the express the memory of any person there. The gentleman returned, vowing eternal hostility to the peace of Sydenham; and, on his arrival at home, instantly expressed his indignation at having been sent on a journey of so many hundred miles for no purpose. "Well," replies a fair fame on the invention of any plausible means of Yes, I am now quite well; but no thanks to Sydenham, are you better in health ?". thank Dr. Robinson for curing you. I wished "-"No," says Sydenham, "but you may to send you a journey with some object of interest in view: I knew it would be of service to you. In going, you had Dr. Robinson and his wonderful cures in contemplation; and,ence), none can be held genuine by the College but those in returning, you were equally engaged in thinking of scolding me."-Paris's Pharmacologia. you." APHORISMS. Sven princes as tyrannize over the consciences of men attack the throne of the Supreme Being, and frequently lose the earth by interfering too much with heaven.--MAXIMILIAN II. The senses, like the sun, open the surface of the terrestrial globe, but close and seal up that of the celestial.-LORD BACON. The great chain of causes which link one to another to the throne of God himself can never be unravelled by any industry of ours. When we go but one step beyond the immediate sensible qualities of things, we go out of our depth; all we do after is but a faint struggle, that shows us we are in an element which does not belong to us. BURKE. purpose (by means of this forged imposition upon the pab lic), of deteriorating the estimation of the "UNIVERSAL MEDICINES" of the "BRITISH COLLEGE OF HEALTH." KNOW ALL MEN, then, that this attempted delusion under the that (however which have "Morison's Universal Medicines" impressed upon the Government Stamp attached to each box and packet, to counterfeit which is felony by the laws of the land. The "Vegetable Universal Medicines" are to be had at the College, New Road, King's Cross, London; at the Surrey Branch, 96, Great Surrey-street; Mr. Field's, 16, Airstreet, Quadrant; Mr. Chappell's, Royal Exchange; Mr. Walker's, Lamb's-conduit-passage, Red-lion-square; Mr. J. Loft's, Mile-end-road; Mr. Bennett's, Covent-gardenmarket; Mr. Haydon's, Fleur-de-lis-court, Norton-falgate; Mr. Haslet's, 147, Ratcliffe-highway; Messrs. Norbury's, Little Bell-alley: Miss Varai's, 24, Lucas-street, Commer Brentford; Mrs. Stepping, Clare-market; Messrs. Salmon, cial-road; Mrs. Beech's, 7, Sloane-square, Chelsea; M13. Chapple's, Royal Library, Pall-mall; Mrs. Pippen's, is, Wingrove-place, Clerkenwell; Miss C. Atkinson, 19, New Trinity-grounds, Deptford; Mr. Taylor, Hanwell; Mr. Kirtlam, 4, Bolingbroke-row, Walworth; Mr. Payne, 64, Jermyn-street; Mr. Howard, at Mr. Wood's, hair-dresser, Richmond; Mr. Meyar, 3, May's-buildings, Blackheath; Mr. Griffiths, Wood-wharf, Greenwich; Mr. Pitt, 1, Cornwall-road, Lambeth; Mr. J. Dobson, 35, Craven-street, Strand; Mr. Oliver, Bridge-street, Vauxhall; Mr. J. Monck, Bexley Heath; Mr. T. Stokes, 12, St. Ronan's, Deptford; Mr. Cowell, 22, Terrace, Pimlico; Mr. Parfitt, ten-lane; Mr. Charlesworth, grocer, 124, Shoreditch; Mr. 96, Edgware-road; Mr. Hart, Portsmouth-place, KenningR. G. Bower, grocer, 22, Brick-lane, St. Luke's; Mr. S. J. Avila, pawnbroker, opposite the church, Hackney; Mr J. S. Briggs, 1, Brunswick-place, Stoke Newington; Mr. T. Gardner, 95, Wood-street, Cheapside, and 9, Nortonroad; Mr. J. Osborn, Wells-street, Hackney road, and Homerton; Mr. H. Cox, grocer, 16, Union-street, Bishopsgate-street; Mr. T. Walter, cheesemonger, 67, Hoxton O Town; and at one agent's in every principal town in Great Britain, the Islands of Guernsey and Malta; and through. out the whole of the United States of America. He who diffuses the most happiness, and miti-falgate; Mr. J. Williamson, 15, Seabright-place, Hackneygates the most distress, within his own circle, is undoubtedly the best friend to his country and the world, since nothing more is necessary than for all men to imitate his conduct, to make the greatest part of the misery of the world cease in a moment, ROBERT HALL. Kings rule by their laws as God does by the laws of nature, and ought as rarely to put in use their supreme prerogative as God doth his power of working miracles.-JAMES I. N. B. The College will not be answerable for the consequences of any medicines sold by any chymist or draggist, as none such are allowed to sell the "Universal Medi cines." Printed by J. HADDON and Co.; and Published by J. CRISP, at No. 27, Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row, where all Advertisements and Communi cations for the Editor are to be addressed. |