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LITERARY

AND

ANTI-SLAVERY JOURNAL.

UNDER THE SUPERINTENDANCE OF THE AGENCY ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY.

" UTILE DULCI."-HORACE.

VERSITY OF
MINNESOTA

LONDON:

PUBLISHED BY JOHN CRISP, 27, IVY LANE, PATERNOSTER ROW;

AND SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS.

1833.

John Haddon and Co., Printers, 27, Ivy Lane.

APR 12 '39

326.05 87645

THE TOURIST;

OR,

Sketch Book of the Times.

"I pencilled things I saw, and profited by things I heard."-LETTER OF A WALKING GENTLEMAN.

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THIS scandalous outrage, still fresh in the minds of the public, has created a sensation unprecedented in the annals of Missionary persecutions. In showing that the wanton destruction of individual property was sanctioned and approved by the magistrates and other local authorities in the Island of Jamaica, we need only quote the following remarks made upon the subject, by the Rev. John Burnett, at Exeter Hall, on the 15th of August last.

"He would direct their attention to a Colonial paper, called the Jamaica Courant, in a number of which, dated Feb. 10th, a correspondent not only recommended the importation of troops, but bloodhounds also, to hunt the Slaves and Missionaries with. The paper was lying at his feet, but he had a few extracts in his hand which he would read. The first was from an officer of the St. Anne's Western Regiment to the Editor: Our primary ardour has been unabated. We have never allowed these deluded wretches time to rest; night and day have we been at them, and have made terrible slaughter among them; and now at the end of six weeks' campaign,'-what a campaign, and what campaigners they were! we are neglected not thought of, because the gover

nor must have a little fun with Tom Hill and his yacht. The few wretches who are now out, are hiding in the cane-pieces, and we occasionally get a bullet or two at them.'-This showed the spirit of the white people then.-On Sunday morning five were shot, who were fallen in with and attempted to escape. I shall not consider that we are safe, although all this havoc has been made among the rebels; although they may have now found the inutility of opposing the strong force which can be opposed to them, until we can fall upon some plan of getting rid of the infernal race of Baptists, which we have so long fostered in our bosoms, and of demolishing their bloody pandemoniums.' This Jamaica Courant then gave a stronger description of the insurrection oruelties than Mr. Knibb could. But there was another:-I cannot allow the post to start without saying that I have remained long enough at Falmouth to see the Baptist and Methodist chapels pulled down. This good work was accomplished this day by the troops after their return-conquerors from the seat of war!'-Conquerors from the seat of war! what a style! Neither Wellington or Buonaparte ever wrote in this style: (laughter.) Lots of groans as you may imagine, from the saints and their followers. It is impossible for me to give a description of the appearance of our brave militia-men on their arrival in this town. The poor fellows cut a miserable appearance; you 81938

could not actually tell whether they were black, white, yellow, or any other colour." Hear another: Let Bruce know that the great and glorious work has commenced. It is now ten o'clock, and all hands are at work, demolishing the Baptist and Wesleyan Chapels. The Methodist Chapel is down, and the men are hard at work at the Baptists.' The roof of the latter is not yet off, but so much injured as to make it as well off as on. It is standing, true, but supported only by a few posts. The men have gone for firehooks to complete the work they have undertaken. There is the devil to pay here to-day, as you may suppose, among the Saints and their followers. Weeping, and wailing, and gnashing of teeth-wringing of hands and groans, interrupted at times with curses and imprecations on the soldiers.' Take another: I write in the hopes of this reaching you through the way-bag, as the Post Office has long since been shut. Some true hearted Jamaicans have truly ennobled themselves this night, by raising to the earth that pestilential hole, Knibb's Preaching shop. Verily, friend, they have not spared Box's also. He no more will be able to beat the roll-call to prayers, nor the tattoo upon the consciences of the subscribers of macs-our poor deluded slaves. In plain English, not one stone bas been left standing-nay, not even the corner one; and I hope that this goodly example will be followed from Negril to Mount.'

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The following is the Amount required in order to rebuild, at the lowest possible rate, the Places of Worship destroyed,

SALTER'S HILL.-Burnt by order of the Cap

tain of Militia, stationed at Latium......£4000 FALMOUTH.- Pulled down by the St. Anne's Militia, while occupied as Barracks....... 3000 MONTEGO BAY.-Pulled down at Mid-day by the Inhabitants, headed by several of the Magistrates..... SAVANNAH-LA-MAR.-Pulled down by the Parishioners....

RIDGELAND, alias FULLER'S FIELD.-Burnt by two Overseers. A valuable House... RIO BUENO.-Burnt....

STEWART'S TOWN.-Injured to the amount of
BROWN'S TOWN.-Pulled down by the In-
habitants.

ST. ANN'S BAY.-Pulled down by the In-
habitants of the Parish.....
EBONY CHAPEL.-Burnt.

6000

700

1000 1000

250

800

3500
500

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Registrar of Demerara, in a detailed account
which he published of the five triennial regis-
trations which had taken place in that colony.
It appears also in the evidence of the recent
Committee on West India distress, p. 96. It
was countenanced by Colonel Young, the Pro-
tector of slaves in the same colony, in his re-
port, dated 19th of May, 1829. And, lastly,
it has been urged at length by Mr. Barclay in
Jamaica, and supported by some statistical
accounts, which have been laid by him on the
table of the Jamaica House of Assembly.
"The Registrar of Demerara rested his proof
on the following comparative statement of the
numbers of Africans and Creoles, by which he
makes it appear that the former had been de-
creasing and the latter increasing:

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There were by the registry of
31st May, 1817 Africans 42,224 Creoles 34,939
38,247
40,205
40,892
42,677
"Now this argument seems to be addressed
50 to those who do not know the meaning of the
50 terms employed. Those are called Africans
100 who were imported from Africa before the
1808. Creoles are those born in the West
Indies. It follows that all new-born children,
whether they are the progeny of Africans or of
Creoles, are called Creoles. Thus half of those

21250

900

500

The Chapel at Lucea, belonging to the Gene-
ral Baptists, but occupied by our Society,
pulled down. Offered for sale by the Gene-
ral Baptist Society for....
Losses in horses, furniture, clothes, books, &c.
&c. partly belonging to the individual Mis-
sionaries, and partly to the Society, about.
Extra Expenses incurred by travelling expen-
ses, and Mr. Knibb's passage home, at least 600
Amounting in the whole to.............. £23250
REVIEW OF LITERATURE.
"THE ANTI-SLAVERY REPORTER.".
September.

The

year

that die are Africans; but all those that are
born are Creoles.

"Of course the Africans must decrease; for
they must lose sum by death, and cannot be,
in any degree replenished by births. It is
equally certain that the Creoles must increase,
since the loss by death is supplied not only by
their own offspring, but by that of the Africans
also. If we examine further the real propor-
tions of deaths among Africans and Creoles in
Demerara, we shall find that by the registry of
1820, there were 39,129 Africans. In the
consequently there had died in the interim
registry of 1829, they were reduced to 26,691;
12,438, excepting that some few of these may
have been manumitted.

"The proportion of births from the two classes cannot be known from these accounts, as they are not distinguished.

The number for this month is compiled
with great care and perspicuity, and
shows at one view the progress of popu-
lation, or rather we should say of depopu-
lation among the slaves in the Colonies
of Great Britain. The Editors have
"Mr. Barclay has sought to supply the defi-
evidently taken great pains to prepare a
document of perfect accuracy.
he has laid on the table of the Jamaica
ciency;
House of Assembly a return of the births and
documents drawn up by Mr. Buxton, deaths of slaves on certain properties in St.
from official papers laid before the Mem- Thomas in the East, distinguishing the progeny
bers of the House of Commons, present of Africans from that of Creoles (see Christian
details which are far from being exagge- Record for February, 1832, p. 49.) This ac-
rated, and in every instance conclusions count extends over the period of from 1817 to
the least unfavourable to the Colonists 1829. It appears by it that there were on the
estates in question, at the commencement of
have invariably been adopted. The
the above period, 954 Africans, and 2349 Cre-
tables present a frightfully appalling de-oles; the births from African mothers were 138,
crease in the slave population of the
British Sugar Colonies, and the argu-
ments of the West Indians, who attempt
to explain the causes which have led to
this decrease, are met in a fair, candid, and
straitforward manner. But let the " Anti-
Slavery Reporter" speak for itself. Upon
the subject of the above decrease, it says:
"1st. It is alleged that that decrease de-
pends on the number of imported Africans
still existing in British Sugar Colonies. They
(the West Indians) argue that the Africans are
not prolific; that they constantly decrease,
while the Creoles increase; and that we may
anticipate that when all the Africans shall have
died off, and the whole of the slaves shall be
Creoles, we shall have an increasing, and not a
decreasing population.

This argument was produced first by the

or 10 in every 69 Africans, and the deaths of
Africans 395, or 10 in every 24-while the
births from Creole mothers were 932, or 10 in
every 25 Creoles, and the deaths of Creoles
825, or 10 in 28."

RELIGION IN LONDON.
The following is a statement of the various
places of worship in this vast city:
Episcopal Churches and Chapels... 200
Independent Chapels...
Wesleyan Methodist Chapels
Baptist Chapels

66

36 32

Calvinistic Methodist Chapels

30

Presbyterian (Scotch and Unitarian)

Chapels

16

14

6

400

Roman Catholic Chapels
Meeting Houses of the Friends

SEPTEMBER.

The

THE month of fruits and fevers, of sultry
noons and dewy evenings, has commenced
its reign of incipient desolation.
deep and opulent green of the summer
verdure begins to fade into a variety of
sickly tints under its withering influence;
and the dry rustling of falling leaves,
robbed of their juicy elasticity, and scat-
tered by every breath of the autumnal
breeze, will soon begin to teach us the
gloomy but salutary lesson of our own
decay. There is, after all, however, a
mellowness and beauty in the autumn
landscape, which to the contemplative
mind is more fascinating than the gaudier
livery of the summer. The vegetation of
our forests "dies like a dolphin," changing
into a thousand splendid hues ; day pours
its profusion of light upon us with a mo-
derate intensity of heat; and the intel-
lectual and physical systems begin to
resume the vigorous tone which had lan-
guished and become paralyzed under the
powerful influences of a vertical sun. The
vintage and the gathering of fruits belong
to this season, the grape yields its wine,
and the apple and peach give their grate-
ful juices; the harvests are housed; and
nature pours all her annual bounties into
the lap of man. If we were to designate
the period in human existence to which
the month of September corresponds, we
should select the time when the hair
turns gray, when the blood abates its fiery
and tumultuous course through the veins,
subsides into a calm and even course, and
when the intemperance of the passions
when we begin to nerve ourselves for the
struggle of decay and death.

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THE RIGHTS OF MAN.-With the enemies of freedom, it is a usual artifice to represent the sovereignty of the people as a license to anarchy and disorder. But the tracing up the civil power to that source, will not diminish our obligation to obey; it only explains its reasons, and settles it on clear and determinate principles. It turns blind submission into rational obedience, tempers the passion for liberty with the love of order, and places mankind in a happy medium, between the extremes of anarchy on the one side, and oppression on the other. It is the polar star that will conduct us safely over the ocean of political debate and speculation- the law of laws the legislator of legislators.

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"A stitch in time."-OLD Adage.

THE CHOLERA.—The patient, when attacked, is to be placed in a recumbent posture in bed; he is not to be overloaded with clothes, nor plagued with any external application, as baths, steaming, &c., but left to the effect of the medicine; and observe, that if any thing is taken of any kind, except cold water, whilst the medicine is intended to operate, the whole effect will camphor dissolved in six parts of strong spirits be destroyed. The medicine is-One part of of wine; of this, immediately on being attacked, the patient will take two drops in a little pounded sugar, in a tea spoonful of cold iced water; in five minutes after he will take a second dose of two drops in the same way, and in five minutes more he will repeat the same thing. He ther or not there is a sense of returning warmth, will then wait for fifteen minutes, and see whewith disposition to perspire, and decrease of sickness, cramp, &c., and then, if necessary, he will take two or more drops as before, and repeat the doses at five minutes' interval, to the amount of twelve or fourteen, taken as directed. The least foreign medicine neutralizes the whole

effect.

FOR THE TOOTHACHE.-Take ten grains of alum, a drachm of the spirits of camphor, two drachms of the tincture of opium, and two drachms of elder-flower water; mix them and apply a little to the tooth.

MEMS. OF A SLAVE

"Facts-not fictions.

HOWELL, who lived in Barbadoes, was in the habit of behaving brutally towards his wife, and one day locked her up in a room, and confined her in chains. A negro woman, touched with compassion for her unfortunate mistress, undertook privately to release her. Howell found it her to put her tongue through a hole in a out, and in order to punish her, obliged board, to which he fastened it on the opposite side with a fork; and left her in that situation for some time. He afterwards cut out her tongue by the roots, in consequence of which she almost instantly died.

A Guinea ship, bound to the West Indies, with upwards of nine hundred Negroes, being kept out long at sea, by calms and contrary winds, was reduced to great distress. To save the seamen, some of the Negroes were thrown overboard, tied back to back, and there actually arrived in the West Indies only one hundred.

In 1826, the French schooner, Perle, Captain Giblin, having succeeded in landIN HYSTERICS AND NERVOUS AFFECTIONS-ing part of her cargo of slaves at GuadaTake tincture of ammoniated valerian, two loupe, observed an armed French cutter drachms; tincture of castor, three drachms; sulphuric ether, one drachm; cinnamon water, standing towards her; the brutal captain, Dose, a table spoonful every two to avoid detection, and consequent caphours. ture, threw the remainder of the human cargo, amounting to sixty-five victims, overboard, and every one perished!

four ounces.

This is the grand bane of life. Greater in towns than in the country, it dreadfully aggravates the evils of our employments; and it produces evils of its own, tenfold more unjust, more rapid, and more deadly. Not a class of artizans, and scarcely one of professional men, is to be found, in which intemperance may not be discovered. Sometimes it is grossly apparent, often partially concealed; in the first case, as it were, taking the constitution by storm, in the latter proceeding by sap; in both utterly destroying health, personal comfort, and domestic happiness. The most striking effects of intemperance are to be seen among the artizans. The man takes, during the hours of labour, more drink than he requires, and this generally the compound sold under the name of ale. Instead of spending the evening with his family, he joins frequently some friends to take a pint at the public-house. To ale, a glass of spirit must afterwards be added. At length he is frequently drunk at night, and in the progress of the case we find him occasionally so unfit for work the next morning from disordered stomach, that he must have some spirit before he can crawl from his house. One glass leads to a second, and the man becomes intoxicated, and in the morning is obliged to give up the idea of going to work; and then his habits and feelings lead him to spend the day, not in freeing his system from the effects of his debauch, not in abstinence, fresh air, and repose, but in aggravating the evils from which he suffers. He spends the day at the public-house. To-day is a repetition of yesterday, and to-morrow will probably be spent in sickness and in bed. There is another class in whom vice is less apparent, though equally fatal. The artizan, not content with the more than liberal allowance of ale which he has had during the day, calls for his glass of spirit as soon as he comes home in the evening: It is but pence he says, and he can well spare this. At five or six in the morning again he takes his usual dram, as he sets out fasting to his work; and takes it consequently at the time most likely to injure the stomach. A craving for the noxious stimulant at length urges, I had almost said, physically compels him to increase the frequency of the dose. Hence a practice rapidly destructive to health and life becomes established without the POWDER FOR HEARTBURN.-Calcined magknowledge of the master, for the man at-nesia a table spoonful, compound powder of tends his work regularly almost to the last; and almost without the consciousness of the individual, for the moral sense becomes blunted, and habit hides the sin. More shocking is the case, when the evil is found among females, when the wife is led to imitate her husband. Most shocking when children, when young children, nay infants, are taught to sip with the mother, and thus acquire a taste for the bane of life and health.

DRAUGHT IN LANGOUR. Take compound spirit of lavender, one drachm; spirit of rosemary, ten drops; spirit of nutmeg, one drachm; tincture of opium, ten drops; cinnamon water, two ounces. To be taken when symptoms of weariness or langour occur without exercise.

FOR AFFECTIONS OF THE SKIN.-Take of the sulphuret of potash fifteen grains, of hard soap a drachm, of the balsam of Peru sufficient to form a mass, which may be divided into thirty pills. Three to be taken every four hours with a wine-glass of hot infusion of juniper berries. of soda, and of the extract of chamomiles, equal INDIGESTION.-Take of dried subcarbonate parts of powdered rhubarb sufficient to make into pills. Take ten grains two or three times a day.

WHEN POISON HAS BEEN SWALLOWED. Take of the sulphate of zinc one scruple, conwhich is to be taken with some infusion of chafection of dog roses sufficient to make a bolus,

momile flowers.

By the Colonial laws, slaves who shall strike any white man suffer six months' Slaves who shall offer to strike, or use any imprisonment, and thirty-nine lashes. violence towards their master or mistress, suffer death without benefit of clergy. Their time of labour in the field is from sunrise to sunset; after which each must master's horses and cattle; and they may collect a large bundle of grass for his be found scattered over the land, to cull blade by blade, from among the weeds, their parcels of grass.

named Sides and Bradshaw, applied at On the 4th of July, 1827, two men, the gaol in Wilkesborough, North CaroFAINTING FITS AND LOW SPIRITS.-Take of lina, and took out a runaway Negro bethe subcarbonate of ammonia fifteen grains, pep-longing to Sides. After tying him in a permint water three ounces and a half, syrup of orange peel two fluid drachms; the dose is two table spoonfuls.

chalk with opium, ten grains. Mixed and taken
in a little milk. This powder will immediately
check heartburn or acidities in the stomach.

most cruel manner, they proceeded on the road towards Lincoln, almost constantly beating him in the most savage manner, as they passed along the road, for seven or eight miles. About nine o'clock at night, the Negro was so much exhausted RHEUMATISM.—Take of the gum resin of as to be unable to proceed any further; guaicum two drachms, gum arabic two drachms, when they deliberately killed him, and rub them well together, and add of the tincture left him lying on the side of the road, of opium half a fluid drachm, of powdered bark a drachm, of the tincture of bark two fluid drachms, of the decoction of bark eight fluid ounces. Make a mixture, of which a wine glassful may be taken twice a day.

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