HIERONYMUS CARDANUS, Et. 43; a medallion. Thomassin. HIERONYMUS CARDANUS, Et. 49, 1553; ditto, 12mo. 57. HIERONYMUS CARDANUS; in Freherus, 1265, No. Jerome Cardan, a very celebrated Italian physician, naturalist,* and astrologer, came into England in this reign, and was introduced to Edward, on whom he has passed a very high encomium. He regarded astrology as the first of all sciences; and was, in his own estimation, as well as in the opinion of his contemporaries, the first of all astrologers. He, like Socrates, was supposed to have been attended by a demon, or familiar spirit.+ There are many ingenious as well as whimsical and fabulous things in his works, which were printed at Lyons, in ten volumes, fol. 1663. It is remarkable, that he drew the horoscope of Jesus Christ; and that his description of the unicorn is exactly correspondent to that fictitious animal, which is one of the supporters of the royal arms. Ob. circ. 1575, Æt. 75.‡ See more of him in Dr. Robertson's "History of Scotland," 4to. I. p. 116. He was called a magician, which, at this time, was another term for a naturalist. Vide J. Baptista Porta "De Magia Naturali," + See Beaumont's" Account of Spirits," &c. p. 50, et seq. His book "De propria Vita” is very curious. He appears not to have studied Cæsar's Commentaries before he wrote these memoirs; as he has collected all the testimonies of his contemporaries relating to his own character, and has placed at the head of them, "Testimonia de me." See "Cardanus de propria Vita, 1654, MARY BEGAN HER REIGN THE 6th OF JULY, 1553. CLASS I. THE ROYAL FAMILY. QUEEN MARY I. Antonio More p. G. Vertue sc. h. sh. From a picture in the possession of the Earl of Oxford. MARIA HEN. VIII. F. &c. Regina, 1555; oval. F. H. (Francis Hogenberg) at the top; well executed. This was perhaps engraved after the year 1554, which might have been inserted as the era of her reign. MARIA I. &c. a jewel hanging at her breast. W. F. 1568. MARIE, &c. Fra. Delaram. sc. 4to. holding in her hand the supplication of Thomas Hongar. The first impression is before the oval, both hands are seen; very rare. MARY. E. Bocquet sc. in Noble Authors, by Park, 1806. MARY PRINCESS; inscribed the Lady Mary, after Queen. H. Holbein. F. Bartolozzi sc. In the Royal Collection. MARY PRINCESS; in an oval, Æt. 39. Cui," &c. F. H (ogenberg). 66 Illa, Ego, LADI MARI, daughter to the most vertuous Prince K. Henri the Eight; la quarto. MARY, in the family print of Henry VIII. MARIA, Angliæ, Hispaniæ, &c. Regina; small h. sh.. MARIA, &c. in a large ruff; sold by Thomas Geele; large 8vo. Queen MARY, 8vo. with this motto: "Fortissimi quique interfecti sunt ab ea:" in the translation of Bishop Godwin's "Annals of England," 1630. In this book are copies of some other heads of our kings. MARIA, &c. J. Janssonius exc. large 8vo. MARIE. Vander Werff p. P. a Gunst sc. h. sh. The melancholy complexion of this princess, her narrow capacity, obstinate and unrelenting temper, and blind attachment to her religion, contributed to carry her to the extremes of bigotry and persecution. No less than 284 persons were burnt for heresy in this short reign. These horrid cruelties facilitated the progress of the reformation in the next.t PHILIP II. King of Spain, Naples, Sicily, &c. &c. (consort of Queen Mary.) Titiano p. Vertue sc. 1735. From an excellent original painted by Titian, in the noble collection of his grace, William, duke of Devonshire; h. sh. PHILIPPUS II. Titianus p. 1549. C. Vischer sc. h.sh. PHILIPPUS II. F. H. (Francis Hogenberg) sc. It is dated 1555, and is companion to Mary, by the same hand. * Rapin. t In Blackstone's "Commentaries of the Laws of England," book iv. p. 424, 425, is the following passage: “To do justice to the shorter reign of Queen Mary, many salutary and popular laws, in civil matters, were made under her administration; perhaps, the better to reconcile the people to the bloody measures which she was induced to pursue for the re-establishment of religious slavery: the well-concerted schemes for effecting which were (through the providence of God) defeated by the seasonable accession of Queen Elizabeth." PHILIPPUS II. Marcelli Clodii Formis, Roma, 1588, fine. In the "Citta da Cremona," da Antonio Campo, 1585, folio, are heads of Philip and his four queens. PHILIP II. Rabel excudit; small oval, neat. PHILIP II. A More pinx. J. Suyderhoef sc. PHILIP II. in an oval; large 4to. H. Jacobs ex. PHILIP II. Frisius sc. PHILIP II. in an oval, with arms; 8vo. V. Werff. M. la Cave sc. 1735. PHILIP II. Titian pinx. Caroline Watson sc. PHILIP II. in an oval, a lion at each corner; six Latin verses; small quarto. C. Pass. PHILIPPUS II. J. Bapt. Parmen. Formis Romæ, 1589; a large border of arms, sh. curious. There is a fine picture of Philip and Mary, by Holbein, at Woburn Abbey.* PHILIPPUS II. Ant. Wierx f. small. PHILIPPE II. Vander Werff. p. P.a Gunst sc. h.sh. Though the abilities of Philip were more adapted to the cabinet than the field, he was generally the dupe of his own politics. His ambition ever prompted him to enterprises which he had neither courage nor address to execute. The following description of Philip's person, which may be considered as a sketch from the life, is in John Elder's letter to Robert Stuarde, bishop of Caithness, 1555. "Of visage he is well favoured, with a broad forhead and grey eyes, streight nosed, and manly countenance. From the forhead to the point of his chynne, his face groweth small; his pace is princely, and gate so streight and upright, as he leseth no inch of his higthe; with a yeallowe head, and a yeallowe berde: and thus to conclude; he is so well proportioned of bodi, arme, legge, and every other limme to the same, as nature cannot worke a more parfite paterne; and, as I have learned, of the age of xxviii. years; whose majesty I judge to be of a stout stomake, pregnaunt witted, and of most gentel nature." See Ames's "Typographical Antiq." p. 213, 214. + Ballard, at p. 217 of his " Memoirs," informs us, that Queen Elizabeth constantly kept Philip's picture by her bed-side, to the time of her death. He was severe and haughty, impenetrable and distrustful, full of revenge and dissimulation. So far was he from using his influence to restrain, that he actually bore a part in the cruelties of this reign, and entered into persecution with the spirit of a grand inquisitor. The most memorable of his actions was the victory at St. Quintin, in which the English had a considerable share. He is said to have built the Escurial, in consequence of a vow which he made at that time.* Ob. 1598. At the Duke of Hamilton's, in Scotland, there is a full length of Philip II. with some singular emblematical ornaments: it answers very well to the description in the note. There is a small head of the Princess ELIZABETH prefixed to "Nugæ Antiquæ," a miscellany of original papers, by Sir John Harington, &c. printed at London, in 1769, 12mo. which deserves a better title. The editor tells us, that the plate, engraved about 1554, belonged to Queen Elizabeth, who made a present of it to Isabella Markham, mother of Sir John Harington. There is a small whole length of the princess at Woodstock, with a book on a table by her. I. S. invent. Martin D. (Droeshout) sc. 12mo. This immense pile by no means merits the encomiums which have been generally given it. It is, indeed, venerable for its greatness; but it is a greatness without magnificence. It is too low in proportion to its extent, and consequently appears heavy. The principal entrance to it is mean, and the quadrangles are small. The imagination of the architect seems to have been too much taken up with the capricious idea of a gridiron, to attend to the principles of beauty and proportion. I need only appeal to the eyes of those who have seen this celebrated structure, for the truth of these remarks; from which the church and the pantheon are allowed to be exceptions. The latter was the work of another architect. In the "Description of the Escurial," lately translated from the Spanish by Mr. Thompson, is a very great mistake in the height, as will appear by comparing the several parts of the description with the print. |