quality; when it was thought he had fecret directions to murder them. Twenty more he fent fafe to Newry, and he would truft no other convoy but himself." 5 "There are many honourable teftimonies," fays Dr. Warner," of the care and prefervation of the English by Lord Mufkerry and his lady, not only in faving their lives from the enemy, but also in relieving them, in great numbers, from cold and hunger, after they had been stripped and driven from their habitations. Indeed," adds he, "all the gentlemen in that part of the kingdom (Munfter) were exceedingly careful to prevent bloodfhed, and to hinder the Englifh from being pillaged and ftript, though it was many times impoffible. "In the above mentioned province of Munfter," fays Mr. Carte, "Lord Mountgarret, by proclamation, strictly enjoined all his followers not to hurt any of the English inhabitants, either in body or goods; and he fucceeded fo far in his defign for their preservation, that there was not the leaft act of bloodshed committed. But it was not poffible for him to prevent the vulgar fort, who flocked after him "for booty, from plundering both English and Irish, papist and proteftant, without diftinction. He used his authority, but in vain, to put a stop to this violence; till feeing one of the rank of a gentleman, Mr. Richard Cantwell (defcended from Mr. Cantwell of Painstown, a man much esteemed in his country) tranfgreffing his orders, and plundering in his prefence, he fhot him dead with his piftol." "At the fame time the faid Lord Mountgarret's eldest fon, Colonel Edmund Butler, taking poffeffion of Waterford, none of the inhabitants, of whatever country, or religion, was either killed or pillaged; and fuch of the British proteftants as had a mind to leave the place, were allowed to carry off their goods wherever they pleased." 8 "Callan and Gowran were feized at the fame time, by persons thereunto defigned by Lord Mountgarret, without any bloodfhed; fome plunder however, 5 Hift. of the Irish Rebel. 6 Cart. Orm. 7 Id. ib. was s Id. ib. was there committed, though with lefs violence for fear of complaints, it being confined to cattle of English breed, which were ftolen as well from the Irish, who had any of that breed, as from the English." 9 "The towns of Clonmell and Carrickmagriffit, in Tipperary, and Dungarvan, were feverally furprized by Mr. Richard Butler of Kilcafh, fecond brother to the Marquis of Ormond; and he had fuch an influence over his followers, that he kept them not only from murder, but even from plunder; his great care and noble difpofition, being acknowledged even by his enemies." James Lord Dunboyne," hearing of the furprise of Fethard, by Theobald Butler, and being chief commander of the barony of Middlethyrde, by fpecial grants made to fome of his ancestors, for fervice performed to the crown of England, repaired thither the next day, and took on him the command of the town, difperfing the rabble, and placing in it a garrison, which he formed of the most substantial inhabitants of the place, and neighbourhood. He immediately fet the English at liberty, reftored them their goods, and fent them away in fafety to Youghall, and other places, which they chofe for their retreat. Two of thefe were clergymen, of whom Mr. Hamilton was, at his request, fent with his family to the Countefs of Ormond." "Mr. How different was the conduct of the pretended leaders of the royal party, from that of the above-mentioned chiefs of the Irish, when they got poffeffion of any place belonging to the latter. Among numberless inftances of their unparalleled cruelty, I fhall only mention two or three in Muniter, from their panegyrift, Borlafe. "Sir Frederick Hamilton," fays he, 66 entering Sligo, about the first of July, 1642, burnt the town, and flew in the streets three hundred of the Irifh." Hift. of the Irish Rebel. fol. 1'12. "Lord Dungarvan and Lord Broghill fummoning the caftle of Ardmore, in the county of Waterford, 21ft of Auguft, 1642, it was yielded upon mercy. Nevertheless, one hundred and forty men were put to the fword." Id. ib. fol. III. It "Mr. Lowe,' vicar of Cloyne, having been barbarously murdered at Fethard, by one James M'Hugh, and fome accomplices, Lord Ikerin, upon information given against him, committed him to prison, whence M'Hugh making an escape, fled the country for fome time; but returning, was feized again, confeffed the fact, and was hanged for it, with two of his accom-. plices." 12 "Sir Richard Everet, Bart. in the beginning of the rebellion, fent the richest of the English planters in his country, with their stock and goods, into the English quarters. The poorer English, confifting of eightyeight perfons, he kept and maintained at his own charge till the middle of June, 1642; then conveyed them to Mitchel's-town, and when that place was afterwards taken by the Irish, he sent for fome of those families that were very poor, and maintained them for a long time. As foon as the ceffation was made, fome of the poor tenants came back to him, and he fettled and protected them on his lands, till Cromwell came into the country." "When 13 Birr furrendered to General Preston, in January 1642, the articles were faithfully performed; and the Earl of Castlehaven, his lieutenant general, conveyed the garrison and inhabitants to the number of eight hundred perfons, in a long march of two or three days together through the woods of Irregan, and wafte countries, fafe to Athy." "Sir Audley Mervin, a covenanter, Cromwellist, and fpeaker of the Irish house of commons after the restoration, in a speech," fays Sir Peter Pett,'4" glowing with anger enough against the papifts, confeffed, that in the barony of Inifhoan, there were above two thousand papifts, who could bring hundreds of proteftants to witnefs their civil demeanour. This," adds he, " I mention 12 Id. ib. "Cart. Orm. vol. i. 14 13 Id. ib. to It is therefore no wonder, that this Lord Broghill declared on another occafion, " that he knew not what Quarter meant." Id. ib. fol. 110. to give testimony of the heroic virtue of many of the church of Rome, at that dismal period." h But not to dwell longer on particulars, the whole body of the catholic nobility and gentry of Ireland, did, by their agents at Oxford, in 1643, petition his majesty,' 15 that all murders committed on both fides, in this war, might be examined in a future parliament, and the actors of them exempted out of all the acts of indemnity and oblivion. But this propofal the proteftant agents, then also attending the king at Oxford, wifely declined; upon which it was juftly obferved, "that if it should be asked," wherefore this offer of the accused Irish has been always rejected or evaded by their accufers, (for it was more than once repeated afterwards) there is no man of reafon but understands it was, because the Irish were not guilty of those barbarous and inhuman crimes, with which they were charged; and because those who charged them fo exorbitantly, found themselves, or those of their party, truly chargeable with more numerous and more barbarous crimes and murders, committed on the stage of Ireland, whereon they had acted, and yet but partly, their own proper guilt; for many of them acted it on that of Great Britain 15 Borl. Hift. of the Irish Rebel. 16 Walsh's Reply to a person of quality. In the year 1642," the bifhops of Tuam and Kilalla, (says Mr. Carte) with about four hundred English, were preserved and had liberty to depart with their effects. The great care taken for the security thereof, as well as of their perfons, by the chief inhabitants of Galway being acknowledged by them in a certificate, which they drew up and figned for that purpose." Orm. vol. i. fol. 323. 1 And on the conclufion of the peace in 1648, "it was provided, that fuch barbarous crimes as fhould be particularized and agreed upon by the lord lieutenant, and Thomas Lord Vifcount Dillon of Costelloe, lord prefident of Connaught, Donogh Lord Viscount Mufkerry, &c. as to the actors and procurers thereof, fhould be left to be tried and adjudged by fuch indifferent commiffioners as fhould be agreed on by the faid lord lieutenant and the faid Thomas Lord Viscount Dillon of Costelloe, &c." Walsh. Hift. of the Irish Remon. App. fol. 54. Britain too, even the most horrid guilt imaginable, by the most bloody and most execrable murder of the best and most innocent of kings." CHA P. VIII. The conduct of the catholic clergy during the infurrection. BUT whatever cruelties these infurgents are supposed to have committed on the English and proteftants, either in or out of war, they are all faid to have been perpetrated by the advice and inftigation of their clergy. Mr. Hume, too confident of the truth of this imputation, on the fole credit of the depofitions before-mentioned, has launched out into the most pathetic strains of invective on that occafion. "The English," fays he,'" as heretics abhorred of God, and deteftable to all holy men, were marked out by the priests for flaughter; and of all actions, to rid the world of these declared enemies, of catholic faith and piety, was represented as the most meritorious." And thus, in confequence of these documents, "while death," adds he, "finished the sufferings of each victim, the bigotted affaffins, with joy and exultation, still echoed in his expiring ears, that these agonies were but the commencement of torments infinite and eternal." This indeed, might have appeared a pretty rhetorical flourish, but that the expreffion, "expiring ears," is fomewhat of the boldest, and borders too closely on nonfenfe; but it never could have paffed for real and genuine history, with any one who had taken the least pains to inform himself of the principles and conduct of these priests, at that dismal juncture. Mr. Hume might have learned, a * Hift. of Engl. Dub. ed. vol. iv. even If the popish ecclefiaftics," fays Dr. Leland, "preached their horrid doctrines of blood and maffacre, others were known equally zealous to moderate the exceffes of war, to |