A LECTURE ON EDUCATION.

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ours.

Patrons of California will cordially co-operate with them in any measures that can secure our mutual interests. Your welfare is

Success and happiness attend you, our brother from Iowa, on your return to a joyous home. May your useful life long be spared, that you may continue to labor, as we are sure you have among us, with an eye single to the good of our Order.

To you, brothers and sisters of San Jose Grange, we return our thanks for the courtesies you have shown us during our session. With all my heart, I thank you for the handsome and valued testimonial of your regard.

To all of you, my brother officers and friends, at this parting hour, my feelings go out in earnest sympathy and fraternal love, strengthened by the memories of the past. Believe me, I shall ever be willing to labor with you in any part of our symbolic field for the successful accomplishment of our purposes. Let us remember, my brothers and sisters, a good name is rather to be chosen than great riches, and loving favor rather than silver and gold.”

Accept my thanks for all your fraternal kindness toward me. God bless and preserve you all, and grant continued prosperity to our cause.

Brother, I cheerfully transfer to you the gavel, as Master of the State Grange of California.

Worthy Master Hamilton made some feeling and appropriate remarks on taking his seat.

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Dr. E. S. Carr, Professor of Agriculture of the California State University, (Worthy Lecturer of Temescal Grange), gave an interesting address, a portion only of which we are permitted to present to our readers:

In coming before the Patrons of Husbandry, I lay down the role of instructor, and sit as a learner in the common school of experience -as a fellow laborer with you for a common end, viz: the advancement of the industrial classes. I have been about the State a good deal in pursuance of my duties as Agricultural Professor in the People's University, finding more opportunities to learn than to teach, and I have learned much of the difficulties you have to contend with; perhaps I have seen more plainly than you could yourselves that the greatest was the lack of ready, trained intelligence in meeting those difficulties, or in other words, allowing the brains of others to use your hands for their own, rather than your benefit. Here as elsewhere, labor has been a blind giant, conscious of his strength, yet impotent to use it for his own advantage. And here as elsewhere, the giant's eyes are opened at last, to see how little mere strength is worth, without skill to direct and utilize it.

Dr. Carr then proceeded to show that "education" must go into the ballot, before the laboring man, even in America, could maintain his personal and industrial rights; because it is the key to order and organization. Intellectual faculty is capital; it is a blessed and most hopeful sign of the times that men are organizing everywhere, not only for relief and protection, but for improvement and social unity. The speaker drew a vivid picture of the disabilities of agricultural laborers in England, and showed how much they had already accomplished by peaceable co-operation. Chancellor Lowe struck the key-note of their position, when he said in the British Parliament:

Let us educate our new masters.” D'Israeli, speaking of the first efforts of this patient, long-suffering class toward their own emancipation, said: “We liave long been mortgaging industry to protect property, and the hour of foreclosure has come.”

The great watchwords of the time are education and association. Both these desiderata are fully recognized in this organization, so unprecedented in its growth, so beneficent in its aims, so wide reaching in its influence. Of all combinations originating under strong necessities for resistance, it is the least revolutionary, the most patient and progressive. It is no part of our business to foster enmities and widen differences between capital and labor—but on the contrary to learn how these can be associated into a true equality. Capital in the hands of educated labor is not one tool, but many, the grandest piece of its complex machinery. The increasing subdivision and specialization of labor is a sufficient guaranty that the principles of co-operation will never work adversely to the interests of capital.

These views were amply and variously presented and illustrated in their educational, political and social aspects. While the Granges would never become political in a narrow and partisan sense, any more than churches are, the speaker said he believed they were destined to become an immense power in the purification of our politics by carrying into them a higher sense of responsibility, and the more direct and constant influence of our best womanhood.

Resolutions complimentary to Bro. Daniel Clark, W. M. of Oregon, and to Bro. N. W. Garretson, Deputy of the National Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, were unanimously adopted.

It was moved by J. W. A. Wright that the State Grange of California include in its memorial to Congress a petition for the requisite appropriations to improve the navigation of the Columbia and Willamette rivers, as such improvement is absolutely necessary to relieve the farmers, who depend upon them as commercial avenues, from the oppression of existing monopolists. Adopted.

The following resolutions were also offered by Bro. Wright:

Resolved, That the State Grange of California is in full sympathy with the mission to this country of Mr. Joseph Arch of England, and that we cordially invite him to visit our Pacific Coast with a view to bringing among us immigrants from the laboring classes of Europe, whom he represents.

Resolved, That the Committee on Immigration be instructed to communicate this invitation to Mr. Joseph Arch, and report his answer to the Executive Committee. Adopted,

State Agent, G. P. Kellogg, and Mr. Walcott, of E. E.

Morgan's Sons, were present, by invitation, during a recess in the evening, and enjoyed a social interview, after which the State Grange was formally adjourned.

CHAPTER XIII. CONSTITUTION OF THE CALIFORNIA STATE GRANGE, PATRONS OF

HUSBANDRY.

ARTICLE I.-This Grange shall be known and designated as the California State Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry.

ARTICLE II.-The membership of the State Grange shall consist of Masters of the Subordinate Granges and their wives, who are Matrons. Past Masters and their wives who are Matrons, are honorary members, and are eligible to hold office, but not entitled to vote.

ARTICLE III.--Section 1. The officers of State or Subordinate Granges shall consist of and rank as follows: Master, Overseer, Lecturer, Steward, Assistant Steward, Chaplain, Treasurer, Secretary, Gate Keeper, Ceres, Pomona, Flora, and Lady Assistant Steward. It is their duty to see that the laws of the Order are carried out.

Sec. 2. In the Subordinate Granges they shall be chosen annually; in the State Grange once in two years. All elections to be by ballot, and a majority shal elect. Vacancies by death or resignation to be filled at a special election at the nezt regular meeting thereof--officers so chosen to serve until the annual meeting.

Sec. 3. There shall be an Executive Committee of the State Grange, consisting of six members, whose term of office shall be two years, three of whom shall be elected each year.

Sec. 4. The officers of the respective Granges shall be addressed as “ Worthy."

ARTICLE IV.–The State Grange shall hold its regular annual meetings ou the first Tuesday in October, at such place as the Grange may from time to time de. termine. Special meetings may be called by the Executive Committee, by giving written notice to each Subordinate Grange, thirty days preceding, or by å vote of the Grange at a regular meeting.

ARTICLE V.--Section 1. One third of all Subordinate Granges entitled to representation, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.

Sec. 2. The Ritual adopted by the National Grange, shall be used in all Subordinate Granges, and any desired alteration in the same must be submitted to, and receive the sanction of the National Grange.

ARTICLE VI.--Section 1. Any person interested in agricultural pursuits, of the age of sixteen years (female), and eighteen years (male), duly proposed, elected, and complying with the rules and regulations of the Order, may be admitted to membership and the benefit of the degrees taken. Every application must be accompanied by the fee of membership. If rejected, the money will be refunded. Applications must be certified by members, and balloted for at a subsequent meeting. It shall require three negative votes to reject an applicant.

Sec. 2. No member who is not actually engaged in agricultural pursuits, shall hold office in this Grange.

Sec. 3. No person shall hold at one time more than one office provided for by this Constitution.

ABTICLE VII.-The minimum fee for membership in a Subordinate Grange shall be, for men, five dollars, and for women, two dollars, for the four degrees, except charter members, who shall pay-men, three dollars, and women, fifty cents.

ARTICLE VIII.-Section 1. The minimum of regular monthly dues shall be ten cents from each member, and each Grange may otherwise regulate its own dues.

Sec. 2. The Secretary of each Subordinate Grange shall report quarterly to the Secretary of the State Grange, the names of all persons initiated or passed to higher degrees.

Sec. 3. The Treasurer of each Subordinate Grange shall report quarterly; and pay to the Treasurer of the State Grange the sum of one dollar for each man, and fifty cents for each woman initiated during that quarter; also, a quarterly due of six cents for each member.

Sec. 4. The Secretary of the State Grange shall report quarterly to the Secretary of the National Grange the membership in this State, and the degrees conferred during the quarter.

Sec. 5. The Treasurer of the State Grange shall deposit to the credit of the National Grange of Patrons of Husbandry with some Banking or Trust Compauy in New York, ito be selected by the Executive Committee,) in quarterly installments, the annual due of ten cents for each member in this State, and forward the receipts for the same to the Treasurer of the National Grange.

Sec. 6. All moneys deposited with said company shall be paid out only upon the drafts of the Treasurer signed by the Master, and countersigned by the Secretary.

Sec. 7. No State Grange shall be entitled to representation in the National Grange, whose dues are unpaid for more than one quarter. Sec. 8. The fiscal year of this and Subordinate

Granges shall commence on the first day of January, and end on the last day of December in each year.

ARTICLE IX.--Section 1. Reports from subordinate Granges relative to crops, implements, stock, or any other matters called for by the National Grange, must be certified to by the Master and Secretary, and under seal of the Grange giving the same.

Sec. 2. All printed matter on whatever subject, and all information issued by the National or State to Subordinate Granges, shall be made known to the menibers without unnecessary delay.

Sec. 3. If any brothers or sisters of the Order are sick, it shall be the duty of the Patrons to visit them, and see that they are well provided with all things needful.

Sec. 4. Any member found guilty of wanton cruelty to animals shall be expelled from the order.

Sec. 5. The officers of Subordinate Granges shall be on the alert iu devising means by which the interests of the whole Order may be advanced; but no plan of work shall bo adopted by State or Subordinate Granges without first submittivg it to, and receiving the sanction of, the National Grange.

ARTICLE X.--Section 1. All charters and dispensations issue directly from the National Grange.

Sec. 2. Nine men and four women having received the four Subordinate Degrees, may receive a dispensation to organize a Subordinate Grange.

Sec. 3. Applications for dispensations shall be made to the Secretary of the National Grange, and be signed by the persons applying for the same, and be accompanied by a fee of fifteen dollars.

Sec. 4. Charter members are those persons only whose names are upon the application, and whose fees were paid at the time of organization. Their number shall not be less than nine men and four women, nor more than twenty men and ten women.

Sec. 5. Fifteen Subordinate Granges working in a State, can apply for authority to organize a State Grazge.

Sec. 6. When State Granges are organized, dispensations will be replaced by charters, issued without further fee.

Sec. 7. All charters must pass through the State Granges for record, and receive the seal and official signatures of the same.

Sec. 8. No Grange shall confer more than one degree (either First, Second, Third or Fourth) at the same meeting.

Sec. 9. After a State Grange is organized, all applications for charters must pass through the same and be approved by the Master and Secretary.

ARTICLE XI.--The duties of the officers of the State and Subordinate Granges shall be prescribed by the laws of the same.

ARTICLE 12.-Section 1. The Treasurers of the State and Subordinate Granges shall give bonds to be approved by the officers of their respective Granges.

Sec. 2. In all Granges bills must be approved by the Master, and countersigned by the Secretary, before the Treasurer can pay the same.

ARTICLE XIII.-Religious or political questions will not be tolerated as subjects of discussion in the work of the Order, and no political or religious tests for membership shall be applied.

ARTICLE XIV.-Any brother or sister who is in good standing, clear of the books of the Grange, and who has attained to the Fourth Degree, is entitled to a

BY-LAWS OF CALIFORNIA STATE GRANGE.

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withdrawal-card, upon the payment of the sum of one dollar. Persons bearing such cards may be admitted, without additional fees, to membership in another Subordinate Grange, but shall be subject to the same form of petition, examination and ballot, as those first applying for membership, except that a majority vote shall elect them.

ARTICLE XV.-Persons making application for membership in our Order shall apply to the Subordinate Grange nearest to them, unless good and suficient reasons exist for doing otherwise. In such cases, the Grange to which application is made, shall judge the reasons, and may consult the Grange nearest the applicant.

ARTICLE XVI.-It shall be lawful for Subordinate Granges to form themselves into Councils for the purpose of facilitating the transaction of business, buying, selling and shipping, or such other purposes as may seem for the good of the Order. They shall be governed, and the membership regulated, by such laws as the Council may, from time to time, make, not in conflict with the Constitutions of the National and State Granges. They may elect a business agent to act in concert with the Executive Committee; and it shall be their duty to inform the Master of any irregularities practiced by Deputies within their jurisdiction.

ARTICLE XVII.-Section 1. The Executive Committee shall be empowered to try and suspend from office any officer of the State Grange who may prove inefficient or derelict in the discharge of his duty-subject to appeal to the ensuing session of the State Grange.

Sec. 2. A Master of a Subordinate Grange is amenable to a Court constituted by the Grange of which he is a member, and an appeal lays from such Court to the State Grange.

ARTICLE XVIII.-This Constitution may be amended at any regular meeting of the State Grange, provided that any proposed amendment shall have been presented to the Executive Committee, and by it reported to the Masters of Subordinate Granges, three months previous to the meeting of the State Grange.

BY-LAWS OF THE CALIFORNIA STATE GRANGE. ARTICLE I.-Section 1. It shall be the duty of the Master to preside at all meetings of the Grange; to see that all officers and members of committees properly perform their respective duties; to see that the Constitution of the National Grange, the By-Laws of this State Grange, and the usages of the Order, are observed and obeyed; to sign all drafts upon the Treasury, and to perform all other duties usually pertaining to such office.

Sec. 2. It shall be the duty of Masters of Subordinate Granges to take charge of all books and papers containing the work of the Order, private instructions, etc., and they shall not allow the same out of their possession, except for use in the Grange.

Sec. 3. It shall be the duty of the Overseer to assist the Master in preserving order; to preside over the Grange in the absence of the Master, and in case of the vacancy of the office of Master, he shall fill the same until the next annual meeting.

Sec. 4. The duties of Lecturer shall be such as usually devolve upon that officer in a Subordinate Grange. He shall also visit Subordinate Granges throughout the State, when requested to do so by the Executive Committee.

Sec. 5. It shall be the duty of the Steward to have charge of the inner Gate, and perform such other duties as are required by the Ritual.

Sec. 6. The Assistant Steward shall assist the Steward in the performance of his duties,

Sec. 7. The Secretary shall keep an accurate record of all proceedings of the Grange, make out all necessary returns to the National Grange, keep the accounts of the Subordinate Granges with the State Grange, and pay over quarterly to the Treasurer all moneys coming into his hands and take his receipt for the same. He shall also keep a complete register of the names and numbers of all Subordinate Granges, and the names and addresses of Masters and Secretaries.

Sec. 8. It shall be the duty of the Treasurer to receive all moneys, giving his receipt for the same; to keep an accurate occount thereof, and pay all orders of the Grange sigued by the Master and Secretary; to render a full account of his