FOREIGN NEWS. arts, (as now pursued), were known in this quarter | From London papers of September 26. of the world, unless by a race exterminated before Great Britain and Ireland. Vessels bound to the record of its discovery. There are doubtless many hidden sources of Honduras &c. were arming to protect themselves wealth within the bowels of this section of our coun-against pirates. A governor general of India had try, which are yet to be brought to light, besides not yet been appointed. Several nobleman of Irethose of a fertile soil, rendered valuably productive land had offered to fill certain public offices to by a congenial climate, a valuable natural growth which large salaries are attached, without pay. On on the borders of navigable streams, iron, coal, cop. the 25th Sept. 3 per cent. consols were at 814. per, lead, and possibly, gold and silver mines, toge-The Jews, at London, have celebrated what is calther with salt and mineral springs, furnishing a cata-led the "white fast," with great pomp-3000 of logue of benefits calculated strongly to impress them were present, and a great deal of money was upon our minds how greatly we are indebted to the collected for charitable purposes. bounteous hand of the God of nature. Mobile Register. France. Nothing important is stated as having occurred in this country, except the continued persecution of the press. Spain. The constitutional system is gathering "THE WALKING HORSE." The Leeds Mercury gives the following account of the application of steam strength, and the disorders were subsiding pretty power for propelling land carriages-It is many rapidly. The army of the "defenders of the faith," years since that this power was applied for such is chiefly made up of priests, smugglers and robpurposes in the United States, and we wish that the bers, and others of desperate fortunes. The late fact should be remembered. The idea suggested proud and cruel Elio, has suffered death at Valenitself to the late Oliver Evans in 1772, and was ac-cia, by the garotte. He was strangled on a scaffold tually put into operation in the year 1804, at Phila- erected close to a delightful garden that he had owned in the zenith of his power. He died with delphia-see Addenda to the Rɛgister, vol. III. "The engine which conveys coals from the Or-great apparent humility. rell pits, drags twenty wagons, each containing up Denmark. A Danish paper remarking on the wards of a ton. The people in the neighborhood depreciation of landed property, mentions the sale emphatically call it the "walking horse;" and cer- of a fine estate for 29,000 rix dollars, on which there tainly, from the description of a friend, it bears no was a mortgage of 100,000 dollars. little resemblance to a living animal. The engine Russia. Capt. Wassiliew had returned to St. Pebeing on the high pressure principle, the supera-tersburg from a voyage of discovery. He had reachbundant steam is emitted at each stroke with a noise ed a higher latitude than Cook, and discovered a something similar to the hard breathing or snorting of a horse-the escaping steam representing the breath of his nostrils, and the deception is alto gether aided by the regular motion of the engine beam, and the rapidity of motion, which precludes minute observation. In the ascent, the rate is about four miles an hour, and, on level ground, from five to six. groupe of inhabited islands. Turkey. Additional confirmation of the heretofore reported successes of the Greeks in the Morea, is received, and there seems now no manner of doubt that the Turks have been most completely defeated. A general sea fight was expected-the Greek fleet, of 90 sail, all told, was in sight of the collected force of the barbarians. An attack by the former was intended by fire ships, said to have been constructed by an American, who was also to conduct them. rally excited, took a severe vengeance therefor. Wallachia and Moldavia have not been evacuated by the Turks-the emperor of Russia has still a great army on the frontier, and there seems to be some new mystery attached to his proceedings. Four Russian men of war were off Copenhagen on the 16th Sept. supposed to be bound for the Mediterra nean. On Wednesday last, a highly interesting experiment was made with a machine, constructed by Messrs. Fenton, Murray and Wood, of this place, under the direction of Mr. John Blenkinsop, the pa. It is now distincily stated that it was not the tentee, for the purpose of substituting the agency of steam for the use of horses, in the conveyance Greeks who broke the capitulation Trippolizza, by of coals on the iron rail way, from the mines of J. which a great slaughter of the Turks ensued. It C. Branding, esq. at Middleton, to Leeds. This was the Turks themselves: when all appeared quiet, machine is, in fact, a steam engine, of four horses' they suddenly commenced a terrible fire from the power, which, with the assistance of cranks turn-houses, and killed 600 Greeks; the survivors, natuing a cog-wheel, and iron cogs placed at one side of the rail way, is capable of moving, when lightly loaded, at the speed of ten miles an hour. At four o'clock in the afternoon, the machine ran from the coal staith to the top of Hunslet-moor, where six and afterwards eight wagons of coal, each weighing 34 tons, were hooked to the back part. With this immense weight, to which, as it approached this town, was superadded about fifty of the spectators mounted upon the wagons, it set off on its return to the coal-staith, and performed the journey, a dis. tance of about a mile and a half, principally on a dead level, in twenty-three minutes, without the slighest accident. The experiment, which was wit. nessed by thousands of spectators, was crowned with complete success; and when it is considered that this invention is applicable to all rail roads, and that, upon the works of Mr. Branding alone, the use of fifty horses will be dispensed with, and the corn necessary for the consumption of at least two hundred men saved, we cannot forbear to hail the invention as of vast public utility, and to rank the inventor amongst the benefactors of his country." Jassy is reported to be in a deplorable condition; out of the 8000 houses that it lately contained, only 2000 were standing. China, A letter lately received from Canton says--"The emperor of this country having by some means discovered the disgraceful conduct of the Mandarins, at and about Canton, has just issued an impartial decree, (which, like that of the Medes and Persians, is irrevocable) to the high officers about the court to inquire into the conduct of these people, and to report correctly the nature of the transaction with the English at Lintin, as well as our own affair at Whampoa, and the measures which bave been pursued with regard to the introduction of opium, Thirty mandarins are already imprison. ed, and how many more will be, it is impossible to foresee. "This examination, it is expected by every one here, will produce important results, and finally place the intercourse of foreigners upon a different footing from heretofore-perhaps, their expulsion and interdiction." Brazil. The prince regent was to be crowned emperor of Brazil on the 12th of October-8,000 troops had been raised at and in the neighborhood of Rio Janeiro. The government possessed the conficence of the people, and had just effected a large loan. A national coat of arms, flag and cockade have been established by different decrees. The motto on the last is, independence or death," which is also the burthen of their patriotic songs. More recent intelligence from Pernambuco and St. Salvador, represent the people as being in a most agitated state. Indeed, there appears to have been some fighting, and a republican government is contended for instead of an imperial one. So, perhaps, the prince has not been crowned, according to appointment. Colombia. Morales, as yet having the command of the sea, is carrying on an active predatory war.There were some apprehensions, that, as there were no troops at hand to resist him, he might make a dash at and capture the city of Caraccas, which he could reach in twelve hours after landing. The people of Laguira appear to have been considera. bly alarmed. The U. S. ship. Cyane and brig Spark were lying there. The Colombian commodore, (Da niels), was expected, and then it was hoped that the patriot force might be able to meet the royal, at sea. a regency to exercise that authority in the manner already sanctioned. 5. That the prince royal shall return to Portugal in the course of four months, reckoning from the day when the present decree shall be notified to him; and if, contrary to the expectation, he should not obey, the proceedings fixed by the constitution shall be adopted. 6. That every commander of the land and sea forces shall be accounted a traitor, who shall obey the government at Rio de Janeiro, unless compel. led by force. 7. That the government shall try all the means in its power to carry all these resolutions into ef fect. It appears pretty evident that, before the self murder of lord Castlereagh, a proposition had been made, and partially adopted, to crush Spain, by an overwhelming allied army, while British fleets scoured the coasts, &c. and it seems as if that kingdom was to have been held as the property of the Holy Allies." Whether the project is wholly aban loned or not, is unknown; but the great mischief has lost its head, by the act of justice which his lordship committed on himself. Goubin, and three others, who were implicated with Berton, and condemned, were executed at Paris on the 22d September. Goubin's last words were "Vive la liberte!" The sympathy of an immense concourse of people was strongly excited. Bank of Vincennes. FROM THE BROOKVILLE ENQUIRER. For the information of the public, in regard to gress, James Noble, in relation to the debt due to the United States from the state of Indiana, for moneys deposited in the bank of Vincennes, we are enabled to give the following statement, chiefly taken from papers on the subject in the hands of Mr. Noble, who has favored us with their perusal. Later-from London papers of the 29th September.the late arrangement made by our senator in conThe fruits of the successes of the Greeks on the 15th, 16th and 17th of August, were 3000 prisoners, 2000 horses and 200 camels. The head of the pacha of Salonicha was presented to the senate at Argos, which has just renounced the charge of military affairs in favor of Calestroni, whom they have appointed dictator, for the time being. There was a naval fight off Zante-the Greeks took six or seven Turkish frigates or corvettes, and sunk several other vessels; the rest of the barbarian fleet 'sought protection under the British cannon' at Zante, &c. Chourschid pacha had reached Larissa, with only 3000 men out of the 40,000 with which he had at tacked the Greeks. These have now a seemingly good prospect of effecting their independence. Their struggle begins to excite much attention in Europe, and they will get assistance from many in On the 7th September inst. Mr. Noble attended at Corydon, who had in his possession certain notes or engagements, executed by the governor of this state on behalf of the state, to the president, directors, & Co. of the bank of Vincennes, for the pay. ment of $30,8000. On the 22d of September, 1821, the board of directors of said bank transferred to Thomas T. Tucker, esq. treasurer of the United States for the time being, and his successor in office, the notes or engagements of the governor aforesaid, for the purpose of paying a part of the deposites to the United States, which had been A London paper, of the 29th of September,says made by them in said bank. Near the time of the A Lisbon mail arrived yesterday with papers to the 15th instant. On the 11th the committee of the constitution proposed to the cortes a decree to the following tenor: dividuals. 1. That the decree of the 3d of June last, convoking an assembly of the constituent cortes in Brazil is null. 2. That the secretaries of state at Rio Janeiro are highly responsible for the illegality of so despotic a resolution, and shall be impeached. 3. That the government of Rio de Janeiro, disobeying the cortes and constituting itself independent, contrary to the wishes of the people of Brazil, who are represented in this assembly, is a government de facto and not de jure, and that the obedience of any authority will be criminal, unless when compelled by force. 4. That the delegated authority of the prince shall immediately cease, and that the king appoint transfer, the state had in her treasury upwards of $21,000, in notes of the said bank and branches. During the last winter and spring, Mr. Crawford, the secretary of the treasury of the United States, being informed that the state objected to the trans. fer made by the bank, and the truth of the case be ing submitted to him, he, with an eye single to the interest of the United States and the interest of this state, and, to prevent any collision between the federal and state authority, proposed and determined that those notes or engagements of the governor should, under certain restrictions, be delivered to the board of directors of said bank. In pursuance of the restrictions and instructions of Mr. Crawford, on the 7th of Sept. inst. Mr. Noble, together with the treasurer of state, Daniel C. Lane, esq. liqui. dated and adjusted a part of the said notes or engagements, amounting to $25,159. Two of the directors of the said bank, Dr. G. L. Murdock and William H. Eads, were present, and received the The Indiana Republican of the 12th inst. states, that general Noble was selected to arrange the matter, and he undertook it with the hope and expectation that he might prevent injury to the state, and for his services he is to receive no compensa. tion," which statement we have no doubt contains the fact. Protection against lightning. FROM THE FLYMOUTH, (ENGLAND), TELEGRAPH, We last week noticed an invention, by a gentlé. man of Plymouth, for conveying the electric Huid, by means of a copper conductor fixed in the masts, through the bottom of ships. Instead of being ascribed to Mr. T. Harris, jun, as then stated, it should have been Mr. W. S. Harris. The experiment took place on Monday last, on board the Cule donia, in the presence of the navy board, sir A. Cochrane, commissioner Shield, several captains in the navy, and the principal officers of the dock yard, in the following manner: The Louisa cutter, having had a temporary mast and topmast fitted with a copper conductor, according to Mr. Harris' plan, was moored astern of the Caledonia, and at the distance of eighty feet from the cutter a boat was stationed, with a small brass howitzer. On the tillerhead of the Caledonia were placed the electrical machine and an electrical jar, with the outer coating of which a line was connected, having a metallic wire woven in it; this line being carried out of the starboard window of the wardroom, terminated in an insulated pointed wire in the immediate vicinity of the touch-hole of the howitzer: a similar line was passed from the larboard window, which com municated with the mast-head of the cutter, and, at the termination of the bolt through the keel, a chain was attached, connected with another insulated pointed wire in the boat, placed in the vicinity of the touch hole--the space between the insulat. ted points being the only interval, in a circuit of about 300 feet, from the positive to the negative side of the jar. Some gunpowder being placed in contact with the conductor in the cutter and the priming in the interval of the insulated points, the jar was charged, and the line attached to the mast head of the cutter being brought into contact with the positive or inside of the jar, a discharge of electric matter followed, which was passed by the line to the mast head, and by the conductor through the powder to the chain in the water, by which it was conveyed to the interrupted communication in the boat, where it passed, in the form of a spark, and, discharging the howitzer, returned to the ne gative or outside of the jar, by the line leading into the starboard window, thereby demonstrating that a quantity of electric matter had been passed by the conductor through the powder, (without igniting These trials, carried on under the disadvantages of unfavorable weather, could not fail of convincing all present of its efficacy, and called forth the decided approbation of the navy board in particular, which was evinced by sir T. B. Martin requesting Mr. Harris to superintend the equipment of the masts of the Mindin 74, and Java frigate, preparatory to its general introduction into the navy. Putnam's Rock. FROM SILLIMAN'S JOURNAL. Extract of a letter from professor Dana, of Dartmouti» college, to the editor, dated February 5th, 1822. I have received an accout of "Putnam's Rock," which is in the river opposite West Point. It was given to me by my friend colonel Tucker, of Gloucester, (Mass.) and the history, as connected with the American revolution, cannot fail to be interesting> I will give it in his own words, as there is a naivette in his manner of relating it. This famous rock, originally a native of the highlands above West Point, was situated on the extreme height of Butter Hill; when the morning fog was descending from the hill, it had a very bradtiful appearance, not much unlike a horseman's tent or hospital marquee riding on the cloud. It was a common amusement for the officers when off duty to roll large rocks from the sides of those hills. These often set others going with them, to the great terror of those persons who were below. One day when this laborious amusement was over, colonel Rufus Putnam proposed going up to take a peep of this curiously situated rock; it was found situated on a flat rock of great extent, and near the brink of a considerable precipice, and hung very much over it. Colonel Putnam believed that it was moveable, and if once moved, that it would roll over; and falling from 20 to 50 feet, would commence its route to the river. A few days after, we formed a party of officers, with our servants, who took with them axes, drag ropes, &c. in order to procure levers for the purpose of moving the rock, which we soon found was in our power. The levers being fixed with ropes to the end of them all, col. Putnam, who headed the party, ordered us to haul the ropes tight, and, at the word congress, to give a long pull, a strong pull, and a pull altogether.This we did; the levers fell, the rock rolled over, tumbled from the precipice, and took up its line of march for the river! The party then had the satis faction of seeing the most majestic oaks and lofti. est pines bowing down in homage and obedience to this mighty traveller, which never stopped till it had reached the bed of the river, where it now lies on the edge of the flats, and far enough from This hill is 1520 feet above tide water, and 1332 above its base, according to capt. Partridge. the shore for a coasting vessel to sail around it. The party followed after in its path, and were astonished to see that rocks of many tons weight, and trees of the largest size, were ground to powder; on arriving at the river the party embarked, and landed, to the number of sixty or seventy, on the rock, when colonel Putnam broke a bottle of whiskey and named it "Putnam's Rock." I may have for. gotten some of the minutia of the transaction in a web woven by fear and by the discretions it always the lapse of 43 years, but it is a fact that the rock now in the river was removed from the extreme top of Butter Hill by the officers of colonel Rufus Putnam's regiment, in the revolutionary war, in the service of the United States, sometime in the month of June, in the year 1778. Naval Power. 4 coalition of all the marines of Europe ast England, is then a thing to be of reason. But, some of the paris of this coalition are too much exposed in their commerce and their colomes, not to prefer their actual sufferings to their aggravation, which would be the inevitable consequence of a rup, ture with England. This latter has left them colo|nics and commerce, precisely what is enough to form dictates. An eternal statu quo is the only calcula tion of these powers; provided it lasts, it is suff cient. There is out one power independent of England; it is Russia; and the first owes some regard to her for the sake of her commerce. But, there the power of Russia stops. At the Cape of Good Hope, at Ceylon, at Trinidad, at Barbadoes, at Halifax the English are, with respect to colonies, in the same position as they are at Heligoland, at From the work of Monsieur Du Pradt, upon colonies.' Gibraltar, at Malta, with respect to Europe. Slavery [TIPANSLATED FOR THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.] is there, as well as here. In this condition, all miThe sea is the element common to all people, litary marine in Europe is a useless expense, a the way open to all, for the relations of winch all subject of triumphi prepared for England, and, since have need with all; the military marine, protec1- it must be said, a real absurdity. In effect, what ress of the mercantile marine, is the conservatory other name to give to an expense which returns means of these relations; the sea, no more than the nothing, which serves neither for attack or defence, continent, cannot support one universal and ex- and which definitively profits only the enemy? It clusive empire; from thence alliances between ma- is no longer within itself that Europe must seek ritime powers for the liberty of the seas, like conits means of maritime enfranchisement; it is no lon tinential alliances for the liberty of the continent. ger upon itself that it can solidly support its lever to The same necessities have dictated the same mea- raise the burden which crushesit; it is upon America. sures. Under the reign of Louis the fourteenth, Hereafter the principle of its liberation is there.→→ the epocha of the creation of military marines in We have just seen the proof in the war of the United Europe, there was counted four great marines; States against England; they have more tormented those of England, of France, of Spain, and of Hol- England than all the united marines of Europe have Ind; they were seen to struggle against each other, done. The reason is very simple; the remoteness together or separately, and, as always happens in from England. At this distance from the seat of the commencement of establishments, with suc- her power, she loses a part of the advantages which cess balanced enough to maintain some equilibrium, render her so formidable in Europe; consequently, and by that some liberty. Holland did not fear to the more there shall be states like to the United measure herself alone with England and France States, the more will there be allies for Europe; united-since that epocha the maritime power of for all these states, like the United States, are es Europe was divided into two parts, England on one sentially navigating, possessing an infinite number side, and France and Spain on the other; in the of ports and rivers which invite navigation and comtwo wars of 1740 and 1756, the French marine, not merce, will have the greatest interest in the liberty withstanding the co-operation of that of Spain, of the seas, in an alliance with the weak upon the could not defend the colonial possessions of France. sea, against the strong, the natural oppressors of In the American war, the two marines, reinforced the weak; consequently, every flag of liberty rais by that of Holland, did not fairly balance the Eng-ed in America will cover the seas of Europe with a lish marine. They could not wipe out the afront tutelary shade. of the 12th of April, nor shut the entrance of Gib. raltar. It may be said that, from this epocha, people have learnt to know all the value of the sea; before it was the secret of some, such as England and · Holland: now it is that of all; but how much have things changed since those times? the revolution has delivered the ocean to England, and with it all the colonies, all the marines of Europe. Her position, in the centre of the European ocean, interdicts the communication of the north with the south. Where could they unite? All that would go out of the sound would be arrested at Heligoland, at Ferroe: it would have to pass under this long battery from Yarmouth to Plymouth. The channel is a sea shut by the ports of England, a real English roadsted, through which the squadrons of France and Holland would never dare to pass, to form a junction. At the first signal, Brest, Cadiz, and Toulon, would be blockaded; Gibraltar shuts the entrance of the Mediterranean; Malta occupies the centre of it; Corfu overawes the Adriatic. Where to pass or reunite? It is the same in the other parts of the world, where England has given her self positions desperating for all maritime people. Suppose in America some free states, as Brazil, the United States, Mexico; and upon the other re. verse of this country, Peru and Chili. In this state of liberty which cannot escape them sooner or later, do we not see raised with them as many rivals against England, as many ship-yards, and arsenals, as we count in the United States, and all at the service of Europe against the common enemy, the master of the sea, whatever name he bears? for as soon as he is master, he is the enemy of all that is weaker than him, and also all are enemies to him, Do we not see raised, with the means to support it, a general struggle for the independence of the seas-a struggle which, in this case, cannot fail of its effect, favored as it will be found to be by the position of the parties that will take part in it, whilst it is im. possible for Europe alone to establish a like one, precisely by reason of its position and proximity with England. When England shall have to block. ade at once all America and all Europe, her block. ades, instead of being a chain of iron that cannot be broken, as we have seen in the last 20 years, will be no more than spider webs that can be pierced at will. When her vessels shalt have to guard sta tions several thousand leagues distant, without as sured ports of refit; when her commerce, exiled commerce, while our people have witnessed with from the two continents, pursued by swarms of pri- joy and thankfulness the masculine growth of their vateers, shall extend its withered arms to the metro favorite institutions, and hailed, with sentiments of polis, suppliant for peace; then will be re establish just and exalted pride, the glorious triumphs of ed a maritime liberty for Europe which she cannot that redeeming spirit, inspired by their own exobtain by her own proper means. Let us say it with ample, which, in distant regions of the world, imout balancing, without the independence of colo-polled the votaries of republican freedom to plant nies, Europe has nothing better to do than to burn her standard on the grave of departed despotism, all her vessels; for there is not a single one which the sudden incursions of sickness and death have is not destined to be drawn in triumph to London cast an unexampled gloom over different portions in eight days after they shall dare to put to sea; of our healthful state. In common with her sister without the independence of colonies, all the ves-states, Kentucky, during the short periods of the sels of war of Europe will be taken, or will rot in the ports; such is the arret of fate, of which England is the minister. This was then the capital error of the politics of Napoleon; he wanted to enfranchise the seas by Europe! and it was only by America that that could be done. He turned his back upon his aim by go ing to search for it in Russia, where surely it was not. Such is yet the error of Spain; she does not perceive that, in laboring to re-establish the dependence of America, in her own regard, she only confirms her own dependence upon England, who will be able to dispose of all the force of which she would have need against America. France does not act more wisely in not occupying herself to prepare a future, less servile than the condition to which she is descended. summer and autumn, experienced an unusual visitation of disease. When we look back on the suf ferings inflicted by the prevalence of a general malady and remember-who can forget it?-that we have been deprived of some of our most valua ble and respected citizens, it is with hearts full of gratitude to a kind Providence that our minds are averted from the painful retrospect by the welcome and consolatory assurance that the evil has departed, and that returning health, with her long train of blessings, occupies again her accustomed abode! The general assembly has legislated so fully on the great interests of education, that it only remains for them to give successful operation to their wise and liberal plans, by a patient and persevering application of the means which have been appropriated for the attainment of the most laudable and ne A proposition so new as that which is just an-cessary objects You will have before you, during nounced, cannot fail to excite much outcry; the the present session, the result of the diversified ⚫thing is easy to foresee, and, above all, to explain, inquiries and united deliberations of the joint comfrom the interests which it reaches. But what are mittee, heretofore appointed on the subject of free outcries against the truth? It is precisely because schools, and will not fail to avail yourselves of all this truth is new, that it ought to be published.-the lights to be expected from the report of that Let us then pursue our route, and make to France committee, in any subsequent modifications which the application of these principles. Let us ask, for experience shall suggest, or a more minute knowwhat purpose does her marine serve, in the actual ledge of the subject may recommend, in the prac condition? It has two objects-commerce and potical developement of the system adopted. The licy; that is to say, riches and power. We protect state university continues to flourish. Its recent commerce with vessels of war; with them we fight, |growth is unrivalled; and the benefits it dispenses we drive off, or humiliate, the enemy. The question are diffused far beyond the limits of our own state. is, then, to judge of the interest France can have to When we consider how large a sum of money it preserve a military marine, to examine to what de-retains among us, which would otherwise be exgree it can fulfil this double destination. The mili-pended abroad in educating our youth in habits and tary marine of France cannot protect its mercantile opinions, not the most happily adapted to render navigation, &c. It follows, from this exposè, that them useful at home, and that it attracts from other the French marine is both useless and ruinous, states a considerable amount that could not in a which is too much, by half, &c. But we discover in different mode be obtained, this institution might this same French marine a certain and immense well be estimated, by avarice itself, as worth all the utility, in allying itself with the system of the in-care and expense that it has cost. But when we dependence of colonies, a system that will give to regard it as a distinguished seat of science, alfordall the marines of Europe auxiliaries, which willing all the means for the attainment of knowledge, enfranchise it from the supremacy of England, from which are common to any seminary of learning in which they are impotent, of themselves, to deli-the United States, the advantages of its rich and ver it. Legislature of Kentucky. imperishable contributions to our moral strength and intellectual acquisitions, are not to be calculated by the standard of wealth, but of glory. We may be permitted to felicitate ourselves on the rapid and general dissemination of useful and libeFrankfort Oct. 22.-This day at twelve o'clock,ral knowledge, through all classes of society, and to his excellency, the governor, transmitted to both hail with sentiments of deep delight the auspicious houses the following message: GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. Fellow citizens of the senate era, at which philosophy and the muses claim a residence in the wilderness of the west. And of the house of representatives: Our colleges and schools, fostered by that nasent Amid the rich and numerous blessings with spirit of improvement which prevades the whole which Providence has signalized our happy coun- community, are daily multiplying the sources of try, we have not been wholly exempted from some instruction, and extending the sphere of their useof its severest calamities. While peace, tranqui-fulness. In several of the former, although com. lity and order have reigned throughout the land; while the fruits of the earth have repaid the labors of the husbandmen with a bounteous profusion, and every species of industry and skill have been liberally encouraged by the rewards of reviving (university. paratively in their infancy, a complete course of academical learning is given; and in others is postponed only for the want of competent teachers; a defect soon to be remedied by the alumni of the |