Convulsions and Uprisings, 39-
Corfou, Disposition of, 143; torn to pieces, 151. Corinthians, colonies established by, 9.
Coup de Theatre, staged by the Greeks in Southern Albania, 121, 131.
Court Martial, for Turkish plot- ters, 129.
Cretan Bandits, in Southern Al- bania, 132, 134; terrorize pop- ulation, 141.
Crispi, Francesco, Italian Pre- mier, 208, 241.
Croia or Kroia, remains of, 8; the overlord of, 26; capital of Albania, 26, 28, 29; besieged by two Sultans, 32; lost to the Turks (1478), 34; claimed by the Slavs, 92.
Crusaders, in Albania, 21. Cyclopean Remains, 8. Cyclops, survive in
legends, 7-8; identical with Ghegs, 188.
131; to Durazzo, 137. Dervish Pasha, suppresses the Albanian League, 54, 213. Descoins, Colonel, coöperates in the establishment of the Re- public of Korcha, 160. Desperadoes, Greek, 118. Despotat, of Epirus, 22-23, 97. Devol, River, 171, 172, 184. Dialects, differences in Albanian,
187; fuse into each other, 188. Dibra, revolt of, 190-191, 238. Dielli, organ of the nationalists of the United States, 231. Dinaric, Alpine system, 170. Diocletian, Emperor, 17, 241. Disintegration, 120-123; causes of, 120-121.
Divide ut Impera, maxim of the Turks in Albania, 40-41. Djavella, 48.
Dodona, oracle of, 4; remains of, 8. Domination, Byzantine, 19-20; Roman, 15-18; Turkish, 36–70. Doulis, Colonel, 131; conduct questioned in the House of Commons, 134.
Drang Nach Osten Policy, Al- bania in the, 82.
Drin, River, 29, 171, 184. Dukaghin, Lek, 26, 92. Duke John, Alexander, see Duka- ghin.
Dulcigno, defended by the Alba-
nians against the Powers, 52. Durazzo, 16; Government of, 122-127; Austro-Italian clash at, 145; natural harbor, 172; its future, 178.
Dutch Mission, 90, 129, 139. Dyrrachium, see Durazzo.
Egypt, Mehmed Ali Pasha of, 46, 57; delegation from, 137; col- ony of, 210; national societies in, 57, 216.
Elbasan, center of the Albanian League, 51; products of, 175; Normal School of, 224, 225. Elisabeth, Queen of Roumania, 124.
Epirots or Pelasgians, ancestors of Southern Albanians, 3; pro- genitors of Tosks, 4 and n.; join Alexander the Great, 14. Epirus or Molossia, Southern Al- bania, 13 and n.; Despotat of, 22; autonomous, 130; Provi- sional Government of, 131; Cretan bandits in, 134; Greek atrocities discussed in the House of Commons, 134. Erseka, town of, 197. Essad Pasha, 66; surrenders Scutari to Montenegro, 101; forms the first Government of Durazzo, 122, 127; retires, 130; appointed Minister of
War and of the Interior, 138; questionable conduct, 143-144; overthrown, 145; surrendered into the hands of the Italians, 146; forms the second Govern- ment of Durazzo, 156; besieged in Durazzo, 157; relieved by the Serbo-Montenegrins, 158; flees from Durazzo, 159; his es- tates appropriated by the peas- ants, 149, 174.
Eugene IV, Pope, organizes cru- sade, 32.
European War, the, Albanian
crisis nearly brings about, 83; crisis renewed, 100; effect on Albania of the outbreak of, 153, 235; Albania in, 155-163.
Ferdinand-François, Duke of Montpensier, enters Valona and poses as candidate, 107; candidacy dropped, 124. Ferdinand, King of Naples, 33. Ferid Pasha Vlora, 64, 241. Ferizovitch, meeting of the Alba- nian chieftains at, 68. Ferrero, General Giacinto, pro- claims Albanian independence at Arghyrocastro, 161, 235. Feudal Lords, 26-27. Fieri, town of, 197.
Filiki Etairia, aided by Ali Pasha, 47.
Finances, of Albania, 187-183. Fishta, Father George, foremost Albanian poet, 194. Fitzmaurice, Lord, proposes au- tonomy for Albania, 56 n. Florence, Conference of, 113, 119. Forests, "Virgin," 180. France, attitude toward Albania, 84; "disinterestedness," 88; rôle played in the establish- ment of the Republic of Kor- cha by, 159-160.
Frasheri, Naim Bey, poet, 215. Frasheri, Sami Bey, patriot, 214, 215, 224.
Frasheri, town of, 197; revolt of, 215.
Gaius Fulvius Santumalus, 12. Gazi Mukhtar Pasha, 74. Gentius, last king of Illyria, 12. George Castriota, see Scanderbeg. Ghegs, or Northern Albanians, 4,
187; tallest men in the Bal- kans, 188.
Gibbs, Mr., M. P., question put in the House of Commons by, 134.
Goths, invasion of the, 20. Granville, Earl, on Albanian au- tonomy, 55-56 n.
Great Britain, proposal of Alba- nian autonomy, 55; attitude in 1912, 83, 86-87; proposal on the southern Albanian fron- tier, 119; in the International Commission of Control, 127; conduct questioned in the House of Commons, 133. Greece, Albanian migrations to, 24; Albanians of, 25 and n., 205-207; activities of Ali Pasha in, 47; the momentous rôle played by the Albanians in the struggle for independ- ence, 47-48; Congress of Ber- lin assigns Janina to, 51; but she is unable to get it, 53; attitude toward Albania, 80, 94-100, 111-120; 121-122, 130- 135, 139–143, 151–153, 157-158, 160, 169.
"Greek Documents," 95.
Greek Government, trying to
evade evacuation of Southern Albania, 131; tricks, 131-134. Greek Influence, slight in Alba- nia, 9.
Greek Mythology, borrowed from
the Pelasgians, 6.
Grey, Sir Edward, on the menace of European war, 83; mediates, 86; on the making of Albania, 89; replies to questions put in the House of Commons, 134; ascribes atrocities in Southern Albania to Greeks, 152. Guiscard, Robert, invades Al- bania, 21.
Gurakuki, Louis, 107, 224. Gussigne-Plava, 51, 53. Gymnasia, 115, 140.
Hahn, Dr. Georg Johann von, 3, 4; on the Albanians of Greece, 205.
Hanotaux, Gabriel, 242.
Herbert, Aubrey, M. P., questions put in the House of Commons by, 151.
Holstein, Duke of, 39. Holy Roman Empire, 39. Homer, Ghegs the Giants of, 188. Homeric Poems, affinity with Al- banian language, 7.
Hoti and Gruda, resist incorpora- tion in Montenegro, 93; should be returned to Albania, 238. House of Commons, questions put in the, 89, 133, 134, 152. Hyllus, king of Illyria, 11.
Illyria, extent of, 11; kingdom of, 11-13; conquered by the Romans, 12.
Illyrians, ancestors of the Alba- nians, 3; progenitors of the Ghegs, 4; influence of the Illy- rian language on Balkan speech, 6; antiquities of the Illyrian period, 9; join Alex- ander the Great against the Persians, 12.
Independence, proclamation of, 79.
Independent Principalities, Alba- nian, 21-24, 41–47. Indo-European, groundwork and grammar of the Albanian lan- guage, 6.
International Commission of Con- trol, 90; make up and func- tions, 126; failure and causes, 127, 133; assumes administra- tion of Albania, 130; ignored by the Prince of Wied, 137– 138; negotiates with Zogra- phos, 143; reassumes adminis- tration of Albania, and dis- solves, 155.
Frontiers, see Boundary Com- mission. International Interregnum, 127–
130. Intervention, of Austria and Italy, 82; reasons for, 81-82; Russia responds to the chal- lenge, 83-84; consequences of the, 84. Invasions:
(1) Balkan Allies, 75-79; (2) Barbarian, 20-21; (3) European War, 157–159. Isa Bolatin, 107. Ismail Kemal Bey, 77, 78, 79, 80,
110; accused of incompetence, 120; warns the Powers, 122; willing to retire, 128; retires, 130.
Italy, Pelasgians in, 4; Pyrrhus in, 14; Scanderbeg in, 33; Al- banian colonies in, 36–37, 207- 208; intervention of, 79-82, 84; attitude in the London Conference, 99; attitude in the election of the Prince, 123–124; delegation from, 137; agent of, 138; supports Essad Pasha, 157; occupies Valona, 158; oc- cupies Southern Albania, 159; proclaims the independence of Albania, 161; commercial rela- tions with Albania, 178-179. Italian Princes, Albanians' ap- peal to, 39.
Italian Navy, protects Essad Pasha, 157.
Izzet Pasha, would-be dictator of Albania, 107.
Jamestown, N. Y., first Alba- nian society in the United States established in, 228. Janina, capital of the Despotat of Epirus, 22; capital of Ali Pasha, 42-47; assigned to Greece, 51; but remains Alba- nian, 53; defended by the Alba- nians in 1912, 76; Gymnasium of, 115.
John Bua Spata, 25,
John Castriota, delivers his sons
as hostages to the Sultan, 28. John Hunyady, battles against the Turks, 29.
Joseph II, Emperor of Austria, negotiates with the Pasha of Scutari, 42, 43. Julian the Apostate or the Phi- losopher, 241.
Justinian, Emperor, 20.
Kara Mahmud Pasha, fights Montenegrins, Venetians and Turks, 42; negotiates with Joseph II of Austria, 43. Karapanos, 131.
Katundi, the interesting town of, 197.
Kavaja, plain of, 170; cultiva- tion of, 173; products of, 175; Primary School of, 225. Kennedy, Rev. Phileas, Ameri- can missionary, expelled from Korcha by the Greeks, 139. Kethella, province of, quered, 194.
Kleitos, king of Illyria, defeated by Alexander the Great, 12. Kodra, massacre of, 142.
Kombi, first Albanian newspaper in the United States, 228. Konitza, Faik Bey, nationalist leader, 231 and n. Koprulu Grand Vizirs, 224, 240. Korcha, or Koritza, eastern ter-
minus of the southeastern fron- tier, 100; Gymnasium of, 115; Boundary Commission at, 117; province assigned to Albania, 119; evacuated by the Greeks, 133; outbreak of, 139–141; her rôle in Albanian national poli- tics, 139-140; establishment of the Republic, 159-160; coal mines of, 180; social condi- tions in, 196; educational so- ciety in the United States, 232. Kossova, battle of, 42; assigned
to Serbia, but resists incor- poration, 94; should be re- turned to Albania, 238-239.
Kullurioti, Anastas, nationalist,
Kumanovo, battle of, 76. Kutzo-Vallachians, origin of the, 17; want union with Albania, 239.
Labia, Signor, Italian Commis- sioner, 117.
Lamb, Mr. Harry, British Dele- gate to the International Com- mission of Control, 127. Land, ownership of, 174; crops and stock raising, 175-177. Language, The Albanian, dis- tinct from other languages, of Thraco-Illyrian origin, 5; for- eign words in, 8; use in writ- ing prohibited by Turkey, 58, 114; Young Turks attempt to change characters of, 67, 224- 225. Liaskoviki, burned by the Greeks, 143, 197.
Liberty Loan, Third, Albanian subscriptions to the, 233. Lichnowski, Prince, on Albania, 102-104.
Liosha, Peter, leader of migra- tion, 25.
Literary Movement, 61, 213–221, 224-226.
Literature, smuggling in the Al- banian, 59, 65, 214-218. London Conference, see Confer- ence of London.
London, Secret treaty of, 235. Lorecchio, Anselmo, Italo-Alba- nian writer, 208. Lowell, A. L., 108.
Lucius Postumius Albinus, 12. Luma, 34; unconquered, 194.
Macedonians, ancestors of Alba- nians, 3.
Mahmud Pasha, of Scutari, 41– 43.
Mahmud Shefket Pasha, The Turkish dictator, resigns, 73. Manfred, King of Sicily, 23.
way as to insure the free expression of the sentiments of the population, after previous occupation of the territory by the troops of a neutral Power. Provision also should be made to avoid any scheme of gerrymandering.
The Albanians are not appealing to charity but to principles of justice and fair play. The liberal ideas which pervade the intellectual classes of Albania are averse to having any foreign elements within the boundaries of their State, and if, by the force of circumstances such minorities be included within it there should not be the slightest apprehension that their rights would be disregarded. The Albanians are neither barbarously chauvinistic like the Greeks nor brutal like the Serbians and Bulgarians who began to baptize in masses the Moslems they annexed along with the territories acquired as a result of the Balkan wars and to change the names of their dissenting subjects. No such thing will ever happen in Albania, where tolerance, religious and political, is a recognized principle.
Coming to the question whether the Albanians are able to govern themselves, we need only refer once more to the opinion so tersely expressed by Mr. H. N. Brailsford as early as 1906, i.e., at the time when the national spirit was only beginning to make the astounding progress which it has accomplished during the last twelve years even among the masses of Albania.
The country which has given so many prominent statesmen, generals, admirals, diplomats, and men of science and letters to Turkey, Greece and Italy, such as the Koprulu Vizirs who ruled Turkey during the entire seventeenth century, Ferid Pasha
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