AN ACT TO ESTABLISH AND REGULATE THE NAVY RATION.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the navy ration shall consist of the following daily allowance of provisions for each person:

One pound of salted pork, with half a pint of peas or beans; or one pound of salted beef, with hal a pound of flour, and a quarter of a pound of raisins, dried applies. or other dried fruits; or one pound of salt beef, with half a pound of rice, two ounces of butter, and two ounces of cheese, together with fourteen ounces of biscuit, one quarter of an ounce of tea, or one ounce of coffee, or one ounce of cocoa; two ounces of sugar, and one gill of spirits; and of a weekly allowance of half a pound of pickles or cranberries, half a pint of molasses, and half a pint of vinegar.

SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That fresh meat may be substituted for salt beef or pork, and vegetables or sour-krout for the other articles usually issued with the salted meats, allowing one and a quarter pound of fresh meat for one pound of salted beef or pork, and regulating the quantity of vegetables or sour-krout so as to equal the value of those articles for which they may be substituted.

SEC 3. And be it further enacted, That, should it be necessary to vary the above-described daily allowance, it shall be lawful to substitute one pound of soft bread, or one pound of flour, or half a pound of rice, for fourteen ounces of biscuit; half a pint of wine for a gill of spirits; half a pound of rice for half a pint of beans or peas; half a pint of beans or peas for half a pound of rice.

When it may be deemed expedient by the President of the United States, Secretary of the Navy, commander of a fleet or squadron, or of a single ship when not acting under the authority of another officer on foreign service, the articles of butter, cheese, raisins, dried apples, or other dried fruits, pickles, and molasses, may be substituted for each other and for spirits: Provided, The articles substituted shall not exceed in value the article for which it may be issued, according to the scale of prices which is or may be established for the

same.

SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That, in case of necessity, the daily allowance of provisions may be diminished or varied, by the discretion of the senior officer present in command, but payment shall be made to the persons whose allowance shall be thus diminished, according to the scale of prices which is or may be established for the same; but a commander who shall thus make a diminution or variation shall report to his commanding officer, or to the Navy Department, the necessity for the same, and give to the purser written orders specifying particularly the diminution or reduction which is to be made.

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted. That no commissioned officer or midshipman, or any person under twenty-one years of age, shall be allowed to draw the spirit part of the daily ration; and all other persons shall be permitted to relinquish that part of their ration, under such restrictions as the President of the United States may authorize; and to every person who by this section is prohibited from drawing, or who may relinquish the spirit part of his ration, there shall be paid, in lieu thereof, the value of the same in money, according to the prices which are or may be established for the same.

SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That the provisions of this act shall go into effect in the United States on the first day of the succeeding quarter after it becomes a law, and in vessels abroad on the first day of the succeeding quarter after its official receipt; that any acts and parts of acts which may be contrary to, or inconsistent with, the provisions of this act, shall be, and are hereby, repealed.

Approved August 29, 1842.

AN ACT TO REORGANIZE THE NAVY DEPARTMENT OF THE UNITED STATES.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the act approved February seventh, eighteen hundred and fifteen, entitled "An act to alter and amend the several acts for establishing the Navy Department, by adding thereto a board of commissioners," be, and the same is hereby, repealed.

SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That there shall be attached to the Navy Department the following bureaus, to wit:

1. A Bureau of Navy Yards and Docks.

2. A Bureau of Construction, Equipment, and Repair.

3. A Bureau of Provisions and Clothing.

4. A Bureau of Ordnance and Hydrography.

5. A Bureau of Medicine and Surgery.

SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint, from the captains in the naval service, a chief for each of the Bureaus of Navy Yards and Docks, and of Ordnance and Hydrography, who shall each receive a salary of three thousand five hundred dollars per annum, in lieu of all other compensation whatever of the naval service; and shall in like manner appoint a chief of the Bureau of Construction, Equipment, and Repair, who shall be a skilful naval constructor, and shall also appoint a chief of the Bureau of Provisions and Clothing, who shall each receive for his services three thousand dollars per annum ; and shall in like manner appoint, from the surgeons in the navy, a chief of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, who shall receive for his services two thousand five hundred dollars per annum.* SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Navy shall appoint the following clerks, to wit:

For the office of the Secretary of the Navy, a chief clerk, who shall receive for his services two thousand dollars per annum; one registering clerk, who shall receive for his services one thousand four hundred dollars per annum; three recording clerks, who shall receive for their services each one thousand dollars per annum; one principal eorresponding clerk, who shall receive for his services one thousand five hundred dollars per annum ; and two assistant corresponding clerks, who shall receive for their services each twelve hundred dollars per annum; one warrant clerk, who shall receive for his services twelve hundred dollars per annum; and one miscellaneous clerk, who shall receive for his services eight hundred dollars per annum.

For the Bureau of Navy Yards and Docks, one civil engineer, who shall receive for his services two thousand dollars per annum; one draughtsman, who shall receive for his services one thousand dollars per annum; one chief clerk, who shall receive for his services one thousand four hundred dollars per annum ; and two assistant clerks, one of whom shall receive for his services one thousand dollars per annum, and the other shall receive for his services eight hundred dollars per annum.

For the Bureau of Construction, Equipment, and Repair, one assistant constructor and draughtsman, who shall receive for his services the sum of one thousand six hundred dollars per annum; and four clerks, one of whom shall receive for his services fourteen hundred dollars per annum, and the others shall receive for their services one thousand dollars per annum each.

For the Bureau of Provisions and Clothing, one chief clerk, who shall receive for his services one thousand four hundred dollars per annum; and two clerks, one of whom shall receive for his services one thousand two hundred dollars per annum, and the other shall receive for his services eight hundred dollars per annum.

For the Bureau of Ordnance and Hydrography, one draughtsman, who shall receive for his services one thousand dollars per annum ; and three clerks, one of whom shall receive for his services twelve hundred dollars per annum, and the others shall receive for their services one thousand dollars per annum each.

For the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, two clerks, one of whom shall receive for his services twelve hundred dollars per annum, and the other shall receive for his services eight hundred dollars per annum; and one assistant surgeon, who shall receive for his services not less than the highest pay of his grade in the service.

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Navy shall assign and distribute among the said bureaus such of the duties of the Navy Department as he shall judge to be expedient and proper; and all the duties of the said bureaus shall be performed under the authority of the Secretary of the Navy, and their orders shall be considered as emanating from him, and shall have full force and effect as such.

SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That there shall be allowed to each bureau a messenger, who shall receive for his services a compensation not exceeding seven hundred dollars per annum.†

SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That the chief of each bureau hereby established shall be authorized to frank all communications from his bureau; and all communications to his bureau, on the business thereof, shall be free of postage.

* Increased to $3,500, by subsequent enactments.

Sections 4 and 6 have been modified by subsequent enactments.

SEC. 8. And be it further enacted, That the books, records, and papers, now belonging to the office of the Navy Commissioners, shall be distributed among the bureaus according to the nature of their duties, respectively; and the Secretary of the Navy is hereby authorized to provide for each bureau such books of record and accounts and such stationery as may be found necessary; for which purpose the sum of three thousand five hundred dollars is hereby appropriated, payable out of any moneys in the treasury not otherwise appropriated. SEC. 9. And be it further enacted, That the unexpended balance of the appropriation for clerks in the office of the Secretary of the Navy, and the unexpended balance of the appropriation for the Commissioners of the Navy, their secretary and clerks, together with such additional sums as may be necessary to carry this law into effect, be, and the same are hereby, appropriated out of any moneys in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.

SEC. 10. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Navy shall, if the same can be done without detriment to the public service, appoint, with their consent, officers of the navy, not above the grade of lieutenants, to perform the duties of any clerkship created by this act, (except as herein otherwise provided,) who shall receive each for their services not more than nine hundred dollars per annum, including their regular pay and rations; but the appointment of any officer in the navy to any of the offices or clerkships in this act shall in no manner whatever interfere with his grade in the service.

SEC. 11. And be it further enacted, That all acts or parts of acts authorizing the President of the United States, or Secretary of the proper department, under his direction, to transfer any portion of the moneys appropriated for a particular branch of expenditure in that department, to be applied to another branch of expenditure in the same department, be, and are hereby, so far as relates to the Department of the Navy, repealed. Approved August 31, 1842.

AN ACT TO REGULATE THE APPOINTMENT AND PAY OF ENGINEERS IN THE NAVY OF THE UNITED STATES.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the Secretary of the Navy shall appoint the requisite number of chief engineers and assistant engineers, not to exceed one chief engineer, two first assistant, two second assistant, and three third assistant engineers for each steamship of war, for the naval service of the United States, who shall be paid, when in actual service, as follows: To the chief engineer, fifteen hundred dollars per annum and one ration per day; to the first assistant engineer, nine hundred dollars per annum and one ration per day; to the second assistant engineer, seven hundred dollars per annum and one ration per day; to the third assistant engineer, five hundred dollars per annum and one ration per day. The chief engineer shall be entitled to mess in the ward-room of ships-of-war, and in all cases of prize money he shall share as a lieutenant; the first assistant engineer shall share as a lieutenant of marines; the second assistant engineer shall share as a midshipman ; the third assistant engineer shall share as the forward officers; but neither the chief nor the assistant engineer shall hold any other rank than as engineers.

† SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Navy shall be authorized to enlist and employ the requisite number of firemen, who shall receive, each, thirty dollars per month and one ration per day; and the requisite number of coal-heavers, who shall receive, each, eighteen dollars per month and one ration per day; and the said firemen and coal-heavers shall, in all cases of prize money, share as seamen.

SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That the said chief engineer and assistant engineers, when waiting orders, shall be paid as follows: To the chief engineer, twelve hundred dollars per annum; to the first assistant engineer, seven hundred dollars per annum; to the second assistant engineer, five hundred dollars per annum; to the third assistant engineer, three hundred and fifty dollars per annum.

SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Navy shall appoint a skilful and scientific engineer-in-chief, who shall receive for his services, the sum of three thousand dollars per annum, and shall perform such duties as the Secretary of the Navy shall require of him touching that branch of the service.

*Modified by act dated March 3, 1845.

† Modified by act dated March 3, 1847.

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Navy shall be authorized to prescribe a uniform for the said chief engineers and assistant engineers, and to make all necessary rules and regulations for the proper arrangement and government of the corps of engineers and assistant engineers not inconsistent with the Constitution and laws of the United States. The said engineers and assistant engineers shall be, in all respects, subject to the laws, rules, and regulations of the naval service, in like manner with other officers of the service.

SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That the said chief engineer shall be appointed by commission, and the assistant engineers shall be appointed by warrant from the Secretary of the Navy, in such form as he may prescribe.

SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Navy be, and he is hereby, authorized to establish, at such places as he may deem necessary, suitable depots of coal, or other fuel, for the supply of steamships of war.

Approved August 31, 1842.

PROFESSORS OF MATHEMATICS-QUARTERS, ETC.

From the Act of August 31, 1842.

Professors of mathematics in the navy of the United States shall be entitled to live and mess with the lieutenants of sea-going and receiving vessels, and shall receive such rations as lieutenants of the same ship or station shall receive.

From the Naval Appropriation Bill approved March 3, 1845.

SEC 4 And be it further enacted, That no more than one hundred and eighty passed midshipmen, and those senior in rank, shall at the same time receive the pay fixed by law for that class of officers.

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That midshipmen shall hereafter be appointed from each State and Territory, with reference and in proportion, as near as may be, to the number of representatives and delegates in Congress; and that, until such a proportion shall have been established, all future appointments shall be made from such States and Territories as have not their relative proportion of midshipmen on the navy list, whenever there are suitable applicants from such States or Territories. And provided further, That in all cases of appointment, the individual selected shall be an actual resident of the State from which the appointment purports to be made, and that the District of Columbia be considered a Territory in this behalf.

SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That so much of the act entitled "An act to regulate the pay of the navy of the United States," approved March third, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-five, as provides that no officer shall be put on furlough but at his own request, be, and the same is hereby, repealed.

SEC 7. And be it further enacted, That in lieu of the mode heretofore provided by law, the engineer-in-chief, and chief engineers of the navy shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.

0

SEC 8. And be it further enacted, That no more than one person doing duty at any navy yard, shall at the same time be entitled to the pay fixed by law for that service.

From the Naval Appropriation Bill approved August 10, 1846.

Passed midshipmen performing the duties of master, under the authority of the Secretary of the Navy, to receive the compensation allowed to such higher grade while actually so employed.

From the Naval Appropriation Bill approved March 3, 1847.

SEC. 1. Be it enacted, &c. 0 And there shall be allowed, instead of the sum now allowed by law, three cents per day in lieu of the spirit rations in the navy, to be paid monthly to such persons as may elect to receive the same, who shall actually draw their rations in kind.

SEC 4 And be it further enacted, That the pay of firemen and coal-heavers employed in the naval service shall hereafter be fixed by the President of the United States in the same manner as is now provided by law for the pay of other petty officers, and of seamen, ordinary seamen and marines; and so much of the act of Congress approved August thirty-first, one thousand eight hundred and forty-two, entitled "An act to regulate the appointment and pay of engineers in the navy of the United States," as fixes the pay of firemen and coal-heavers, be, and the same is hereby, repealed.

From the Naval Appropriation Bill approved August 3, 1848.

SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That when any master in the navy, or passed midshipman holding an acting appointment as master from the Secretary of the Navy, has performed or shall hereafter perform the duty of a lieutenant, under an order of the commander of the vessel to which he was or shall be at the time attached, to supply a deficiency in the established complement of lieutenants of said vessel, whether belonging to a squadron or on separate service, which order shall have been subsequently approved by the Secretary of the Navy, shall be allowed the pay of a master for the period or periods during which he shall have performed such duty.

SEC. 7. And be it further enacted. That in calculating for the pay of surgeons in the navy hereafter, the time upon the graduated scale of pay shall be reckoned from their original entry into the service.

SEC. 12. And be it further enacted, That the number of professors of mathematics in the navy shall not exceed twelve; that they shall be appointed and commissioned by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and shall perform such duties as may be assigned them by order of the Secretary of the Navy, at the naval school, the observatory, and on board ships of-war, in instructing the midshipshipmen of the navy, or otherwise. That, when on duty, the pay of a professor of mathematics shall be at the rate of fifteen hundred dollars per annum, with a ration; and when on leave of absence or waiting orders, the pay shall be at the rate of eight hundred dollars per annum.

SEC. 14. And be it further enacted, That the proviso of the act of August fourth, eighteen hundred and forty-two, limiting the number of officers of the navy of the grade of midshipmen to the number that were in service on the first day of January, eighteen hundred and forty-one, be, and is hereby, so modified as to authorize the appointment of officers of that grade, to the number of four hundred and sixty-four: Provided, That the appointments shall be made according to the directions of the fifth section of the act approved March third, eighteen hundred and forty-five, entitled "An act making appropriations for the naval service for the year ending thirtieth June, eighteen hundred and forty-six ;" and in appointing from each State, hereafter, its proportion of officers of that grade, the appointments shall be apportioned, as nearly as practicable, equally among the several Congressional districts therein.

SEC. 15. And be it further enacted, That from and after the passage of this act the annual pay of boatswains, gunners, carpenters, and sailmakers at the navy yard at Pensacola shall be the same as now allowed by law to the forward warrant officers at the navy yards at Boston, New York, and Norfolk.

SEC 16 And be it further enacted, That the restriction established by the fourth section of the act approved March third, eighteen hundred and forty-five, whereby no more than one hundred and eighty passed midshipmen, and those senior in rank, shall at the same time receive the pay fixed by law for that class of officers, be suspended in its operation from the passage of this act, until the class of eighteen hundred and forty-one and eighteen hundred and forty-two shall have been examined, and the relative rank established among those who shall pass their examination.