This able phyfician published several works, none of them devoid of merit. They are thus enumerated. I. "On the indecency of men-midwives, and the obligation of women to nurfe their own children," 12mo, 1728. The reasons he adduces on thefe fubjects are both moral and phyfical. 2. "A Treatife on the difpenfations allowed in Lent," 2 vols. 12mo. 1705 and 1715. His own abftemious fyftem inclined him very little to allow the neceffity of any indulgence. 3. "On Digestion, and the Disorders of the Stoinach," 2 vols. 12mo. 4. Treatife on the Plague," 12mo. 5. "Novus Medicinæ confpectus," two vols. 12mo. 6. "Theological Medicine," two vols. 12mo, 7. "Natural Medicine," ditto. 8. "De purganda Medicina a curarum fordibus," 12mo. 9. "Obfervations on Bleeding in the Foot," 12mo. 10. "The Virtues of common Water,' two vols. 12mo. This is the work in which he chiefly supports the doctrines ridiculed by Le Sage. II. "The abufe of Purgatives," 12mo. 12. "The roguery of Medicine," in three parts, 12mo. 13. "The Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy of the Poor," 3 vols. 12mo; the best edition is in 1742. 14. "The Natural History of the Convulfions," in which he very fagaciously referred the origin of thofe diforders to roguery in fome, a depraved imagination in others, or the confequence of fome fecret malady. The life of this illuftrious phyfician has been written at large by M. le Fevre de St. Marc, and is no less edifying to Chriftians than inftructive to medical students.

HEDELIN (FRANCIS), at firft an advocate, afterwards an ecclefiaftic, and abbé of Aubignac and Meimac; was born at Paris in 1604. Cardinal Richelieu, whofe nephew he educated, gave him his two abbeys, and the protection of that minister gave him confequence both as a man of the world and as an author. He figured by turns as a grammarian, a classical fcholar, a poet, an antiquary, a preacher, and a writer of romances; but he was most known by his book entitled, "Pratique du Theatre," and by the quarrels in which his haughty and prefumptuous temper engaged him, with fome of the moft eminent authors of his time. The great Corneille was one of thefe, whofe difguft first arofe from the entire omiffion of his name in the celebrated book above-mentioned. He was alfo embroiled, on different accounts, with madame Scuderi, Menage, and Richelet. The warmth of his temper exceeded that of his imagination, which was confiderable; and yet he lived at court a good deal in the ftyle of a philofopher, rifing early to his ftudies, folliciting no favours, and affociating chiefly with a few friends, as unambitious as himself. He defcribes himself as of a flender conftitution, not capable of taking much exercise, or even of applying very intenfely to ftudy, without fuffering from it in his health; yet not attached to any kind of play. "It is,' B 2

fays

fays he, too fatiguing for the feebleness of my body, or too indolent for the activity of my mind." The abbé d'Aubignaç lived to the age of 72, and died at Nemours in 1676. His works are, Pratique du Theatre," Amfterdam, 1717, two vols. 8vo; alfo in a 4to edition published at Paris; a book of confiderable learning, but little calculated to infpire or form a genius. 2. Zenobie," a tragedy, in profe, compofed accord- ing to the rules laid down in his " Pratique," and a complete proof of the total inefficacy of rules to produce an interesting drama, being the most dull and fatiguing performance that was ever reprefented. The prince of Condé faid, on the subject of this tragedy," We give great credit to the abbé d'Aubignac for having fo exactly followed the rules of Aristotle, but owe no thanks to the rules of Ariftotle for having made the abbé produce fo vile a tragedy." He wrote a few other tragedies alfo, which are worse, if poffible, than Zenobia. 3. "Macaride; or the Queen of the Fortunate Islands," a novel. Paris, 1666, 2 vols. 8vo. 4. "Confeils d'Arifte à Celimene," 12mo. 5. "Hif toire du tems, ou Relation du Royaume de Coqueterie," 12mo. 6. Terence juftifié," inferted in fome editions of his " Pratique." 7. "Apologie de Spectacles," a work of no value. A curious book on fatyrs, brutes, and monsters, has been attributed to him; but though the author's name was Hedelin, he does not appear to have been the fame.

HEDERICUS, or HEDERICH (BENJAMIN), of Hain, or Groffen-hayn, in Mifnia, was born in 1675. His first publication was an edition of Empedocles de Sphæra, with his own. notes, and the Latin verfion of Septimius Florens, in 1711, Drefden, 4to. He then published, a "Notitia Auctorum,' in 8vo, 1714. His celebrated manual lexicon was published, firft at Leipfic, in 8vo, 1722, and has been republished here with many additions, by Young and Patrick; but it has fince been much more improved by Ernefti, and republifhed at Leipfic, in 1767. Hederich published other lexicons on different fubjects, and died in 1748. Ernefti fays of him, that he was a good man, and very laborious, but not a profound fcholar in Greek, nor well qualified for compiling a lexicon for the illuftration of Greek authors.

HEEMSKIRK. See HEMSKIRK.

HEIDEGGER (JOHN HENRY), a protestant divine of Switzerland, born at Urfevellon, a village near Zurich, in 1633. He was firft a teacher of Hebrew and philofophy at Heidelberg, then of divinity and ecclefiaftical history at Steinfurt; and lastly, of morality and divinity at Zurich, where he died in 1698. He published, 1. "Exercitationes felecta de Hiftoriâ facrâ Patriarcharum," in two volumes, 4to, the firft of which appeared at Amsterdam, in 1667, the latter in 1671. 2. "De ratione ftudiorum

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"Tu

Audiorum opufcula aurea," &c. 12mo, Zurich, 1670. 3. mulus Tridentini Concilii," Zurich, 1690, 4to. 4. "Hiftoria Papatûs," Amft. 1698, 4to. There is alfo afcribed to him, 5. A tract, "De peregrinationibus religiofis," in 8vo, 1670, And, 6. "A Syftem of Divinity," folio, 1700.

HEIDEGGER (JOHN JAMES), was the fon of a clergyman, and a native of Zurich in Switzerland, where he married, but left his country in confequence of an intrigue. Having had an opportunity of vifiting the principal cities of Europe, he acquired a tafte for elegant and refined pleasures, which, united to a strong inclination for voluptuoufnefs, by degrees qualified him for the management of public amufements." In 1708, when he was near 50 years old, he came to England on a negotiation from the Swifs at Zurich; but, failing in his embaffy, he entered as a private foldier in the guards for protection. By his fprightly, engaging converfation, and infinuating address, he foon worked himself into the good graces of our young people of fashion; from whom he obtained the appellation of " the Swifs count [A]." He had the address to procure a fubfcription, with which in 1709 he was enabled to furnish out the opera of Thomyris [B]," which was written in English, and performed at the queen's theatre in the Haymarket. The mufic, however, was Italian; that is to fay, airs felected from feveral operas by Bononcini, Scarlatti, Steffani, Gafparini, and Albinoni. Moft of the fongs in "Thomyris" were excellent, thofe by Bononcini especially: Valentini, Margarita, and Mrs. Tofts fung in it; and Heidegger by this performance alone was a gainer of 500 guineas [c]. The judicious remarks he made on feveral defects in the conduct of our operas in general, and the hints he threw out for improving the entertainments of the royal theatre, foon established his character as a good critic. Appeals were made to his judgement; and fome very magnificent and elegant decorations, introduced upon the ftage in confequence of his advice, gave fuch fatisfaction to George II. who was fond of operas, that, upon being informed to whofe genius he was indebted for thefe improvements, his majefty was pleafed from that time to countenance him, and he foon obtained the chief management of the Opera-houfe in the Haymarket. He then undertook to improve another fpecies of diverfion, not lefs agreeable to the king, which was the mafquerades, and over these he always prefided at the king's theatre. He was like

[A] He is twice noticed under this title in the "Tatler," Nos. 12, and 18; and in Mr. Duncombe's "Collection of Letters of feveral eminent Perfons deceafed," is a humorous dedication of Mr, Hughes's Vition of Chaucer," to "the Swifs

Count."

[B] There was another opera of the fame name, by Peter Motteux, in 1719., [c] Thomyris" and "Camilla,' were both revived in 1726; but neither then fucceeded,

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wife

wife appointed master of the revels. The nobility now careffed him fo much, and had fuch an opinion of his tafte, that all fplendid and elegant entertainments given by them upon particular occafions, and all private affemblies by fubfcription, were fubmitted to his direction [D]. "

From the emoluments of these feveral employments, he gained a regular and confiderable income; amounting, it is faid, in fome years, to 5000l. which he fpent with much liberality; particularly in the maintenance of perhaps fomewhat too luxurious a table; so that it may be faid, he raised an income, but never a fortune. His foibles, however, if they deferve fo harsh a name, were completely covered by his charity, which was boundless. After a fuccessful masquerade, he has been known to give away feveral hundred pounds at a time. "You know poor objects of distress better than I do," he would frequently fay to the father of the gentleman who furnished this anecdote, "Be fo kind as to give away this money for me." This well-known liberality, perhaps, contributed much to his carrying on that diverfion with fo little oppofition as he met with.

That he was a good judge of mufic, appears from his opera: but this is all that is known of his mental abilities [E]; unless we add, what we have good authority for faying in honour to his memory, that he walked from Charing-crofs to Temple-bar, and back again; and when he came home, wrote down every fign on each fide the Strand.

As to his perfon, though he was tall and well made, it was not very pleafing, from an unusual hardness of features [F]. But he was the first to joke upon his own uglinefs; and he once laid a wager with the earl of Chesterfield, that, within a certain given time, his lordship would not be able to produce fo hideous a face in all London. After strict search, a woman was found, whose features were at firft fight thought ftronger than Heidegger's; but, upon clapping her head-drefs upon himself, he was univerfally allowed to have won the wager. Jolly, a well-known taylor, carrying his bill to a noble duke; his grace, for evafion,

[D] The writer of this note has been favoured with the fight of an amethyst fnuff box fet in gold, prefented to Heidegger in 1731, by the duke of Lorrain, afterwards emperor of Germany, which Heidegger very highly valued, and bequeathed to his executor Lewis Way, efq; of Richmond, and which is now (July 1784) in the poffeffion of his fon Benja. min Way, efq;

[z] Pope (Dunciad, I. 289.) calls the bird which attended on the goddess,

"a monster of a fowl, Something betwixt a Heidegger and owl.”

And explains Heidegger to mean "a strange bird from Switzerland, and not (as some have fuppofed) the name of an eminent perfon, who was a man of parts, and, as was faid of Petronius, Arbiter Elegantiarum.”

[r] There is a metzotinto of Heidegger by J. Faber, 1742, (other copies dated 1749) from a painting by Vanloo, a striking likeness, now (1784) in the poffeffion of Peter Crawford, efq.' His face is also introduced in more than one of Hogarth's prints.

faid, "Damn your ugly face, I never will pay you till you bring me an uglier fellow than yourself!" Jolly bowed and retired, wrote a letter, and fent it by a fervant to Heidegger; saying,

his grace wifhed to fee him the next morning on particular bufinefs." Heidegger attended, and Jolly was there to meet him; and in confequence, as foon as Heidegger's visit was over, Jolly received the cash.

The late facetious duke of Montagu (the memorable contriver of the bottle conjurer at the theatre in the Haymarket) gave an entertainment at the Devil-tavern, Temple-bar, to fe veral of the nobility and gentry, felecting the most convivial, and a few hard drinkers, who were all in the plot. Heidegger was invited, and a few hours after dinner, was made fo dead drunk that he was carried out of the room, and laid insensible upon a bed. A profound fleep enfued; when the late Mrs. Salmon's daughter was introduced, who took a mould from his face in plafter of Paris. From this a mask was made, and a few days before the next masquerade (at which the king promised to be present, with the countefs of Yarmouth) the duke made application to Heidegger's valet de chambre, to know what fuit of clothes he was likely to wear; and then procuring a fimilar drefs, and a person of the fame ftature, he gave him his inftructions. On the evening of the masquerade, as soon as his majesty was seated (who was always known by the conductor of the entertainment and the officers of the court, though concealed by his dress from the company) Heidegger, as ufual, ordered the mufic to play "God fave the King;" but his back was no fooner turned, than the falfe Heidegger ordered them to strike up" Charly over the Water." The whole company were inftantly thunderstruck, and all the courtiers, not in the plot, were thrown into a stupid confternation. Heidegger flew to the mufic-gallery, fwore, ftamped, and raved, accufed the musicians of drunkenness, or of being fet on by fome fecret enemy to ruin him. The king and the countefs laughed fo immoderately, that they hazarded a discovery. While Heidegger stayed in the gallery, "God fave the King" was the tune; but when, after fetting matters to rights, he retired to one of the dancing-rooms, to obferve if decorum was kept by the company, the counterfeit ftepping forward, and placing himfelf upon the floor of the theatre, juft in front of the mufic gallery, called out in a mot audible voice, imitating Heidegger, damned them for blockbeads, had he not just told them to play "Charly over the Water?" A paufe enfued; the muficians, who knew his cha racter, in their turn thought him either drunk or mad; but, as he continued his vociferation, "Charly" was played again. At this repetition of the supposed affront, fome of the officers of the guards, who always attended upon these occafions, were for afcending

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