The creation of mesne seigniories prohibited by statute But sub-tenure might be created by granting a particular interest Of the necessity of a present grantee, and of a con- Estates might be defeated, but not raised, by means ib. ib. Alleged simplicity and safety of the common law But the publicity of livery and attornment declined with the feudal Of the nature and extent of the influence exerted by tenure at this day 31 OF THE NATURE AND EFFECTS OF Uses. The common law judges refused to notice uses Uses upheld and enforced in Chancery, as charging the conscience of the legal owner, but not the land Opposite characters of the legal, and the equitable ownership 43 but not to an actual conveyance to uses Two modes of raising uses, viz. with transmutation of possession, or Uses governed, in most points, by analogy to the rules of law Official uses dictated by the permanent wants of society. But the remedy of the equitable owner was against the trustee Inference thence drawn that the use was unconnected with the land The use bound, without notice, a gratuitous tranferee of the land. but did not bind either strangers entering adversely, or the Summary of the risks incident to the equitable ownership It did not destroy equitable interests, but supplied new modes of Equitable interests were preserved 1. By the exclusion of leaseholds for years from the statute 2. By its inapplicability to active uses uses, not so executed, took the name of trusts 54 Condition of uses since the statute Effect of the doctrine relative to a use upon a use, on the beneficial character of uses Uses and trusts might be created by any form of words Uses beneficial, uses not beneficial, and trusts, dis- On limiting a use, not beneficial, a trust arose Uses lost their equitable character, and assumed a legal Immaterial, at law, whether the object of the use was Various theories as to the execution of such uses |