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that worthy man, and tells Mr Cartwright the Puritan, that," he had read over his Acts and Monuments from the one end to the other; and declares that Mr Fox hath very diligently and faithfully laboured in this matter, (of archbishops and metropolitans) and searched out the truth of it as learnedly as I knowe any man to have done." Camden likewise gives him and his work this character: Ex eruditorum numero obiit Johannes Foxus Oxoniensis, qui Ecclesiasticam Anglia Historiam sive Martyrologiam indefessa veritatis studio, primum Latine postea Anglice auctius, magna cum laude contexuit. The Papists were very angry at the publication of this history; in which their lies and cruelty were so fully exposed; and accordingly did all they could to blast the credit both of that and its Author."

EDMUND SANDYS, D. D.

ARCHBISHOP OF YORK.

FDMUND Sandys, Sands, or Sandes, successively bishop

of Worcester and London, and archbishop of York, in the sixteenth century, and ancestor of the present lord Sandys, was the fourth son of William Sandys, Esq. by Margaret his wife, daughter and heir of William Rawlin son, of the county of York, Esq. He was born at Hawkshead, within the liberty of Fournes-fells, or Estwaite, in Lancashire, in the year 1519. His university education was at St John's college in Cambridge; where he took his degree of bachelor of arts in 1539, and that of master in 1541; but was never fellow of that, or any other college. In 1542, he was junior proctor of the university; and, on or about the year 1547, proceeded bachelor in divinity, and was elected master of Catharine-hall. At the time of his father's decease, in 1548, he was vicar of Haversham; and the year following, on December 12. was presented to a prebend in the cathedral church of Peterborough. The same year, he also commenced doctor in divinity. In 1552, K. Edward VI. granted him a prebend in the church of Carlisle. At the time of that good king's decease, in 1553, Dr Sandys was vice-chancellor

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of Cambridge. Having early embraced the Protestant religion, he zealously joined with those who were for setting the lady Jane Gray on the throne. John Dudley, duke of Northumberland, coming to Cambridge, in his march against the princess Mary, required the doctor to set forth the lady Jane's title in a sermon the next day before the university. He obeyed *; and preached in so pathetic a manner as drew many tears from the audience; and he gave a copy of his sermon to be printed. But he expressed himself with so much prudence and moderation, as abundantly satisfied the duke; and yet did not violently exasperate the opposite party. The unsteady duke sent for him, about two days after, to proclaim Q Mary, which he refused; whereupon he was deprived of his office of vice-chancellor and preferments, and conveyed prisoner to the Tower of London. In this place he was the means of converting his keeper, a bitter papist, to the truth, and chiefly by means of his mild and gentle deportment. Sandys knew, that religion was not to be established by human fury, or by any arts of malice and wickedness. Having remained there twenty-nine weeks, he was sent to the Marshalsea, on Wyat's insurrection; who, at his coming to Southwark, invited the doctor to come and gave him his company and advice; but he prudently excused himself.

* The warning was fhort for fuch an auditory, yet he did not refuse but went into his chamber, and so to bed. He rofe at three of the clock the next morning, took his Bible in his hand, and earnestly prayed to God, that it might fall open where a moft fit text should be for him to treat of. The Bible fell open upon the first chapter of Joshua, where he found a text for that time the most convenient he could have chofen, viz. ver. 16; 17, 18. -The duke. with the rest of the nobility, required Dr Sandys to put his fermon in writing, and appointed Mr Leaver to go to London, and get it printed. Dr Sandys required one day and a half for writing it, and at the day appointed Mr Leaver came ready booted to receive it of him. As he was delivering it, one of the beadles came weeping, and prayed him to shift for himself, the duke being retired, and Q. Mary proclaimed. Dr Sandys fhewed no concern at what was faid, but delivered the fermon written. The duke of Northumberland that night fent for Dr Sandys, to proclaim Q. Mary in the market-place at Cambridge, and told him fhe was a merciful woman, and that he had fent to know her pleasure, and looked for a general pardon. The doctor replied, "My life is not dear unto me, neither have I faid or done any thing that urged my confcience; for what I have spoken of the state, I have inftructions wal"ranted by the fubfcriptions of fixteen counfellors; neither yet have i "spoke further than the word of God and the laws of the realni "do warrant me: come of me what God will; but he you affured, you "fhall never escape death, for if the should fave you, they that now rule * will kill you."

VOL. II.

R

After

After he had been nine weeks prisoner in the Marshalsea, he was set at liberty, by the mediation of Sir Thomas Holcroft, the night-marshall. But some whisperers suggesting to bishop Gardiner, that he was the greatest heretic in England, and one, who, of all others, had most corrupted the university of Cambridge, Gardiner ordered strict search to be made for him. He was however so happy as to escape out of England, and inay, 1554, arrived at Antwerp. But he had not been there many hours, when receiving information that K. Philip had ordered search to be made for him, he hasted away to Augsburg; and after staying there fourteen days, he went to Strasburg, where he fixed his abode. His wife came there to him, but he had the misfortune to lose her, and one child.

Towards the end of the year 1558, he took a journey to Zurich, and lodged five weeks in Peter Martyr's house. Receiving there the agreeable news of bloody Q. Mary's death, he went back to Strasburg, and thence to England, where he arrived January 13, 1558. In March following, he was appointed, by Q Elizabeth and her council, one of the nine Protestant divines, who were to hold a disputation against so many of the Romish persuasion, before both houses of parliament at Westminster. Also he was one of the commissioners for preparing a form of prayer, or liturgy, to be laid before the parliament, and for deliberation on other matters for the Reformation of the church. And being looked upon as one of the most eminent Protestant divines, who were fittest to fill up the sees vacant by the deprivation of the popish prelates, he was nominated to the see of Carlisle, which he refused, but accepted of the bishopric of Worcester, vacant by the deprivation of Richard Pates. He was consecrated December 21, 1559. We are told, that he alienated good part of the revenues of this see; and he had a long controversy with Sir John Bourn of Worcester, which grew to such a height, that bishop Sandys was forced to vindicate his own life and innocency, unhandsomely traduced by Sir John, in an information, or declaration of his to the privy-council. With respect to the alienation, he and all the other bishops were more or less compelled to do so by the court, which was inordinately rapacious after the goods of the church. How resolutely averse he was to these sacrileges, may be seen in Strype's life of archbishop Whitgift, p. 266. to which we refer the more curious Reader. Moreover, we are told, that he would not suffer Papists to remain in his diocese: And herein he was so

earnest,

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