time, could not forbear calling him Lutheran, Zuinglian, and heretic. He took his leave of the college in these words, as near as I can render them in English,

"In my last lectures I have, (said he,) imitated the "custom of famished men, who when they see their meat "likely to be suddenly and unexpectedly snatched from "them, devour it with the greater haste and greediness. "For whereas I intended thus to put an end to my lec"tures, and perceived that I was like forthwith to be "silenced, I made no scruple to entertain you (contrary "to my former usage) with much unpleasant and ill "dressed discourse; for I see I have incurred the displea❝sure and hatred of some, but whether deservedly or no, "I shall leave to their consideration; for I am persuaded "that those, who have driven me from hence, would “not suffer me to live any where if it were in their "But as for me, I willingly yield to the times, and if "they can derive to themselves any satisfaction from my "calamity, I would not hinder them from it. But as "Aristides, when he went into exile and forsook his

power.

country, prayed that they might never more think of "him; so I beseech God to grant the same to my fellow "collegians; and what can they wish for more? Pardon "me, my hearers, if grief has seized me, being to be "torn from that place against my will, where I have "passed the first part of my life, where I have lived plea"santly, and been in some honour and employment. "But why do I thus delay to put an end to my misery "by one word? Wo is me, that (as with my extreme "sorrow and resentment I at last speak it) I must say fare"well my studies, farewell to these beloved houses, fare"well thou pleasant seat of learning, farewell to the "most delightful conversation with you, farewell young "men, farewell lads, farewell fellows, farewell brethren, "farewell ye beloved as my eyes, farewell ALL; fare"well!"

Thus did he take his leave of his lecture, fellowship, and college, and was reduced at one blow to great poverty and desertion: But he found for some time a place of harbour in Broadgates-Hall, another college in the same university. Here he met with some short gleams of comfort; for the university of Oxford more kind than his college, and to alleviate the miseries of his shipwrecked estate, chose him to be her orator, in which capacity he curiously penned a gratulatory letter or address (as the term now is) to the queen, on the behalf and in the name

of

of the university, expressing in it the countenance of the Roman senators in the beginning of Tiberius's reign, exquisitely tempered and composed, to keep out joy and sadness, which both strove at the same time to display their colours in it; the one for dead Augustus, the other for reigning Tiberius. And upon the assurance of several of her nobles, that the queen would not change the established religion, expressing some hopes she would abide by this assurance, which was confirmed then to them by the promise the queen had made to the Suffolk and Norfolk gentry, who had rescued her out of the very jaws of ruin. Fuller says, that the writing this letter was put upon him with a design to ruin him, but there is not the least colour for this surmise; he being so very lately, seasonably and kindly chosen orator, when he was so injuriously expelled out of his own college; but it is much more probable the sweetness, smoothness, and briskness of his style, was both the reason why he was chosen orator first, and then employed to pen this letter. The sum or heads of which are in Mr Laurence Humfrey's life of Jewel: But there is no entire copy extant.

It is observed by the last-mentioned author, that whilst Jewel was reading this letter to Dr Tresham, vice-chancellor, the great bell of Christ-Church, which this doctor having caused to be new hung a few days before, had christened by the name of Mary, tolled, and that hearing her pleasant voice now call him to his beloved mass, he burst out into an exclamation, O delicate and sweet harmony! O beautiful Mary, how musically she sounds, how strangely she pleaseth my ears!' So Mr Jewel's sweet pen was forced to give way to the more acceptable tinkling of this new lady. And we may easily conjecture how the poor man took it.

Being ejected out of all he had, he became obnoxious to the insolence and pride of all his enemies, which he endeavoured to allay by humility and compliance, which yet could not mitigate their rage and fury; but rather, in all probability, heightened their malice, and drew more affronts upon the meek man. But amongst all his enemies, none sought his ruin more eagerly than Dr Marshal, dean of Christ-Christ, who had changed his religion now twice already; and did twice or thrice more in the reign of Q. Elizabeth: He having neither conscience nor religion of his own, was very desirous to make Jewel's conscience or life a papal sacrifice.

In order to this, he sends to Jewel by the Inquisitors a bead-roll of popish doctrines to be subscribed by him upon pain of fire and faggot, and other grievous tortures; the poor man having neither friend nor time allowed him to consult with, took the pen in his hand, and saying, "Have you a mind to see how well I can write?" sub.. scribed his name hastily, though with great reluctance.

But this no way mitigated the rage of his enemies against him; they knew his great love to, and familiarity with Peter Martyr, and nothing less than his life would satisfy these blood-hounds, of which turn-coat Marshal was the fiercest: So being forsaken by his friends for this his sinful compliance, and still pursued like a wounded deer by his enemies; but more exagitated by the inward remorses and reproaches of his own conscience, he resolved at last to flee for his life.

And it was but time; for if he had staid but one night longer, or gone the direct way to London, he had perished by their fury: One Augustin Berner, a Switzer, first a servant to bishop Latimer, and afterwards a minister, found him lying upon the ground almost dead with vexation, weariness, (for this lame man was forced to make his escape on foot,) and cold, and setting him upon an horse, conveyed him to the lady Ann Warcupps, a widow, who entertained him for some time, and then sent him up to London, where he was in more safety.

Having twice or thrice changed his lodgings in London, Sir Nicholas Throgmorton, a great minister of state in those times, furnished him with money for his journey, and procured him a ship for his transportation beyond the seas. And well it had been if he had gone sooner; but his friend Mr Parkhurst hearing of the restoring of the mass, fled forthwith; and poor Mr Jewel knowing nothing of it, went to Cleve, in Gloucestershire, to beg his advice and assistance, being almost killed by his long journey on foot in bitter cold and snowy weather, and being forced at last to return to Oxford, more dejected and confounded in his thoughts than he went out; which miseries were the occasions of his fall, as God's mercy was the procurer both of his escape and recovery.

For being once arrived at Francfort in the beginning of the second year of Q. Mary's reign, he found there Mr Richard Chambers, his old benefactor, Dr Robert Horne, afterwards bishop of Winchester, Dr Sandys, bishop of London, Sir Francis Knollys, a privy-counsellor, and afterwards lord-treasurer, and his eldest son, &c. these

received

received Jewel with the more kindness, because he came unexpectedly and unhoped for, and advised him to make a public recantation of his subscription; which he wil lingly did in the pulpit the next Lord's day in these words: "It was my abject and cowardly mind, and faint heart, that made my weak hand to commit this wicked"ness." Which when he had uttered as well as he could for tears and sighs, he applied himself in a fervent prayer, first to God Almighty for his pardon, and afterwards to the church; the whole auditory accompanying him with tears and sighs, and ever after esteeming him more for his ingenuous repentance, than they would, perhaps, have done if he had not fallen.

It is an easy thing for those, that were never tried, to censure the frailty of those that have truckled for some time under the shock of a mighty temptation; but let such remember St Paul's advice: Let him that standeth take heed lest he fall. Mr Jewel had not been long at Francfort, before Peter Martyr hearing of it, often solicited him to come to Strasburg, where he was now settled and provided for; and all things considered, a wonder it is that he [Martyr] did not perish in England; for there was no person more openly aimed at than he, because none of them had given wider wounds than he to the Roman Catholic cause. One Tresham, a senior canon of Christ-church, who had held some points against him at his first coming thither, now took the benefit of the times to be revenged on him, and incited those of Christ-Church and of other houses to affront him publicly. So that not finding any safety at Oxford, he retired to Lambeth to Cranmer, where he was sure of as much as the place could afford him. A consultation had been held by some of the more fiery spirits, for his commitment into prison. But he came thither, as was well known, on the public faith, which was not to be violated for the satisfaction of some private persons. It was thought fit therefore to discharge him of all further employment, and to license him to depart in peace: None being more forward to furnish him with all things for his going hence than the new lord chancellor bishop Gardiner, whether in honour to his learning, or out of a desire to send him packing, shall not now be questioned. Peter Martyr also helped himself, for he would not go without the queen's passport and leave, and when he had it, concealed himself fourteen days on the English coast, then privately took ship, and arrived at Antwerp in the night, and before day took coach, and so

got safe to Strasburg the thirtieth of October, 1553. But less humanity was shewed to him in his wife, whose body having been buried in the church of St Frides wide, was afterwards by public order taken out of the grave and buried in a common dunghill. But in the reign of Q. Elizabeth she was again removed as may be seen in the former volume under Martyr's life. And the truth is, the queen, who was a bigotted papist, and too much priest-ridden, breaking not only her promise to the men of Suffolk, who had stood by her in her greatest necessity, and treating them with extreme severity but for challenging the performance of her promise; one Dobbe who had spoken more boldly than the rest, being ordered to stand three days in the pillory; but also her more solemn engagement made the twelfth of August, 1553, in the council; that although her conscience was settled in the matters of religion, yet she was resolved not to compel or strain others, otherwise than as GOD should put into their hearts a persuasion of that truth she was in; and this she hoped should be done by the opening his word to them, by godly, virtuous, and learned preachers: I say, considering how ill she kept her promise to her own subjects, it is a wonder she should keep the faith given to this stranger in her brother's reign, and not by her; and I conceive no reason can be given for this, but the over-ruling providence of GOD, who governs the hearts of princes as he thinks fit.

But well it was for Mr Jewel, that there he was; and as much of Mr Jewel's sufferings in England had been occasioned by his great respects he had shewn to Peter Martyr whilst he lived at Oxford: So now Peter Martyr never left soliciting him, (as I said,) to come to him to Strasburg till he prevailed, where he took him to his own. table and kept him always with him. And here Mr Jewel was very serviceable to him in his edition of his Commentaries upon the book of Judges, which were all transcribed for the press by him; and he used also to read every day some part of a father to him, and for the most part St Augustine, with which father they were both much delighted.

At Strasburg Mr Jewel found J. Ponet, late bishop of Winchester, Edmund Grindal, afterwards archbishop of York, Sir Edwin Sandys, J. Cheeke, and Sir Anthony Coke, khight, and several other great men of the English nation, who were fled thither for their religion. And with these he was in great esteem, which opened a way for his preferment upon his return into England after the storm was over.

Peter