G is a dog for holding the lock-bolt, D, up in the locked position. It turns on an axis, k, and its point engages under a stop, l, preferably a roller, of the bolt when the latter is raised. It is held in engagement by a light spring, j. The dog has two branching arms, m, m, projecting inward over the faces of the dial-wheels, H, H. The dial-wheels have pins, n, n. projecting out from their faces, and when they or either of them strike the levers, m, m, they release the dog from its engagement with the bolt, and the latter turns back or falls, thereby unlocking the lock, as before described.

**I prefer to use two independent time movements or clocks, each connected with and operating one of the dial-wheels, H, so that if one movement should accidentally stop the other would be sure to unlock the lock.

"The dial-wheels are indexed or marked with a scale of hours from 0 to 48, or any other number corresponding with the longest interval the lock is to remain locked at one time, say from Saturday night to Monday morning. This scale is used in conjunction with a pointer, e, at the top of the wheel. In setting the lock, the dialwheels are moved backward from 0 to any number in the scale that will indicate the number of hours the safe or vault is to re

forming part of the time-lock; for the lock-bolt or obstruction, so to speak, is isolated from the time mechanism, in order to bring and retain the lock-bolt or obstruction in a position to have the same obstruct and prevent the retraction of the bolt-work, or to move it to release the bolt work, whereby the same may be retracted.

"There is arranged within the time-lock a yoke, G, which is capable of being oscilated or turned on its axis or pivot, said yoke being acted on by two rotating dials, H, H, in such a manner that said yoke will be operated by either or both of said dials at the predetermined time for which said revolving dials have been set.

"In the example shown in the time-lock in Fig. 1, the yoke engages under a stop, preferably a roller, arranged on the lock-bolt or obstruction, and, when the latter is brought into a position for obstructing the bolt-work, to prevent its retraction until the arrival of the *predetermined time, while in the example shown in Fig. 5 said yoke connects or engages with the bolt-lock or obstruction.

"In both examples the yoke retains the lockbolt or obstruction in a position for obstructing and preventing the retraction of the boltwork until the arrival of the predetermined time for which the revolving dials carrying pins have been set.

"The arms or members, m, m, of the afore said yoke, extend over a portion of the revoloing dials, from which project pins, and when either of said pins come in contact with the arms or members of said yoke, which will occur at the arrival of the time previously determined upon when setting the revolving dials, it (the said yoke) will be operated or turned on its axis or pivot, and release the lock-bolt or obstruction, and leave the same to be brought into a position to permit the bolt-work to be retracted, which is accomplished by turning the knob or handle connected with the carrying bar, said knob or handle being on the outside the safe or vault door.

"It is preferred to use two independent time mechanisms, each connected with and operating one of the revolving dials, so that if one of the time mechanisms should accidentally stop the other would be sure to operate the yoke, and by its movement release the lock bolt or obstruction, which would automaticallly assume such a position as to present an unobstructed pathway for the tonguepiece or stud to move in, and thus the bolt-work could be released and be left free to be withdrawn or retracted.

"The revolving dials are cogged- that is, provided with teeth, which engage with the arbor, O, of the mainspring barrel, either directly or by means of the pinion, p, attached to said arbor, or through intermediate gearingso that the setting of the time mechanism for operating the yoke at any given time will necessarily wind up the time mechanism, to the extent, at least, that it will unwind by the arrival of the predetermined time at which the lock-bolt or obstruction is to be released for enabling the bolt-work to be retracted.

"The revolving dials are indexed or marked with a scale from zero (0) upward to 48, or any other number corresponding with the longest interval the time-lock is to present its lock-bolt or obstruction to obstruct the boltwork at one time,-say, from Saturday night to Monday morning. This scale is used in conjunction with a pointer or index, e, ar ranged in the time-lock above the revolving dials.

"In setting the time-lock the revolving

main closed; and the pins, n, n, must be so located with reference to the scale as to strike the levers, m, m, and release the bolt, when the 0 mark comes forward to the pointer. The time movements or mechanism may be of any ordinary construction to measure time.

"Each of the dial-wheels, H, H, is cogged, and engages with the arbor, o, of the mainspring barrel, either directly by means of the pinion, p, attached to said arbor, or through intermediate gearing. The arbor, o, is the stem by which the clock is wound.

"When the clock is finished, it is fully wound up before the dial-wheel is adjusted in place. The motion is then imparted to the dial-wheel, which runs forward to unlock the lock, and in moving the dial-wheel back to reset the lock the clock is rewound.

"The dial-wheel is turned back to reset the lock by a key applied at the winding arbor, o.

"By the means above described I obviate a great objection to common clock-locks, which run on until they run down, thus subjecting the lock to the danger of being locked in by neglect of winding. By this means the lock cannot be reset without winding, for the pins, n, n, resting in contact with the levers, m, m, prevent the dog, G, from being engaged with the bolt until the dial-wheels have been moved back, as described. The relocking of the lock, therefore, requires rewinding of the clock as a necessity.

"On the back of the dial-wheel, H, is a pin, r, (Fig. 4,) forming a stop. On the pallet, , which engages with the scape-wheel, t, is a pin, u, which projects out through a slot, , of the stationary clock-frame. As soon as the dial-wheel has acted upon the lever, m, to unlock the lock, the pin, r, of the dialwheel, strikes the pin, u, of the pallet, and locks the latter in the scape-wheel, thereby stopping the clock. There is therefore no loss of motion, nor can the dial-wheel get out of position with respect to the pointer.

By combining an independent clock-lock and combination or key lock with the door bolt, as described, I produce an effect which cannot be produced by a clock-lock alone, or by two or more combination locks together. The clock-lock serves as a safeguard by night, and the combination lock by day. If the holder of the combination is forced to open the combination lock at night, the clock-lock remains intact, and cannot be opened by the burglars or the holder of the combination. On the other hand, when the clock-lock releases its bolt in the morning, the combination lock still remains locked, and burglars cannot make an entrance to the

dials are turned or moved backward from zero (0) to any number in the scale that will indicate the number of hours the safe or vault-door is to remain closed or locked, and the pins, n, of the revolving dials, must be so adjusted with reference to the yoke as to come in contact with the arms or members, m, m, of the yoke, so that either or both of the said arms or members will act upon the yoke, causing it to move so as to release the lock-bolt or obstruction of the time-lock when the zero (0) mark arrives at the index or pointer.

"The winding up of the time mechanism and the setting of the revolving dials is performed simultaneously by imparting proper motion to the arbor, o, of the mainspring barrel.

The revolving dials are provided with a pin, r, as shown in Fig. 4, the same serving as a stop.

"On the pallet, &, which engages with the escape-wheel, t, is a pin, u, which projects out through a slot, v, of the stationary time mechanism frame, the whole arranged in such a manner that, as soon as the revolving dial has acted upon the yoke for causing it to release the lock-bolt or obstruction, the pin, r, of the said revolving dial, will strike the pin, u, of the pallet, and lock the latter in the escape-wheel, thereby stopping the time mechanism, so that there will be no loss of power, as it is intended that the time-lock should be wound up when first finished, prior to adjusting in place the revolving dials; and, further, by stopping the time mechanism, as above described, the revolving dials cannot get out of position with respect to the index or pointer.

"By my invention the time-lock cannot be reset without winding, for the pins of the re volving dials, resting in contact with the arms or members of the yoke, prevent it from being brought into action with the lock-bolt or obstruction until the revolving dials have been moved back the number of hours for which it is designed to obstruct the bolt-work. the resetting of the time-lock requires rewinding of the time mechanism as a necessity, and hence no danger of it being unlocked accidentally during the period of hours for which it is set.

Thus

"The dial-wheel is turned back to set the time-lock by a key applied at the winding arbor, o.

"By the means above described I obviate a great objection to common clock locks, which run on until they run down, thus subjecting the lock to the danger of a lockout, caused by neglect of winding.

"By this means the time-lock cannot be set without winding, for the pins, n, n, resting in contact with the arms of the yoke, it (the yoke) cannot be engaged with the lockbolt or obstruction until the dial-wheels have been moved back to set the lock, as before described.

"By combining an independent time-lock of the character described, and a combination or key lock, I produce an effect or result which cannot be produced by a time-lock alone, or by two or more combination locks together.

The time-lock serves as a safeguard by night, in connection with the combination lock, for holding the bolt-work in a locked condition; but, when the time-lock releases the bolt-work at the appointed hour, the bolt-work will remain locked, and the safe or vault door closed, until the combination lock is unlocked by the holder of the combination on which said lock is set, when the bolt-work can be retracted and the

safe. Such results cannot be accomplished by a clock-lock alone, because when it releases its bolt the safe is absolutely unlocked; nor by two or more combination locks together, because the holders of the combination may be taken to the bank and forced to open the lock. Neither can tampering with the combination lock affect the clock-lock.

"The combination lock may be punched from place, but the clock-lock, being separate and independent from it, and having no opening through the door, cannot be affected. It is therefore superior to a lock which has the time movement combined directly with the combination lock, both forming one lock, in which case any violence to the lock-work disarranges the clock. Another advantage of this invention is the capability of the separate locks of being applied on different parts of the door indifferently. The bolt-work on different doors is frequently such that the two locks cannot be applied together. The clock-lock in such case may be attached at the most convenient location, as before described. It can also be applied with facility on old safes having the combination or key lock already on, thus securing the advantage of a clock-lock and combination lock without the necessity of removing the old lock, and substituting a new one having a time move. ment combined directly with the lock.

"I do not claim, broadly, a clock-lock; nor do I claim two or more combination locks combined with the door-bolt; but "I claim

"(1) The combination, with a door-bolt, E, of a clock-lock, B, and a combination or key lock, A, applied independently on a safe, vault, or other door. so as to rest against or connect with said door-bolt, and provided with a device whereby the doorbolt may be retained in the unlocked position for shutting the door, the whole arranged so that the door-bolt cannot be withdrawn, when locked, until both locks have been unlocked.

door opened, thus leaving the time-lock free from performing any locking action, which leaves the combination lock free for use during the day for locking or unlocking the safe or vault door,‚—an important desideratum present in my invention.

If the time-lock present on the safe or vaultdoor is set for holding the bolt-work from the time the bank closes in the afternoon to release the bolt-work at a certain hour the next morning, it will admirably and with certainty perform its office, leaving the combination lock to be opened before the bolt-work can be retracted; and should the officer if the bank holding the combination be seized during the night, carried to the bank, and forced to open the combination lock, the time-lock will remain intact, and cannot be opened by the burglars or the officer in charge of the combination. Such results cannot be accomplished by a time-lock alone, because when it releases its bolt-work the safe or vault-door is absolutely unlocked, and no lock present for use during the day; nor by two or more combination locks together, because the holders of the combinations may be taken to the bank, and forced to open the locks. Neither can tampering with the combination lock affect the time-lock.

"The combination lock may be punched from its position by burglars, but then the time-lock, being separate and independent from it, cannot be affected or disturbed, because there is no opening through the door by which it can be reached. It is therefore superior to a lock which has the time movement combined directly with the combination lock, both forming one lock, in which case any violence to the lock-work disarranges the time movement.

"Another advantage of my invention is the capability of the separate locks being applied on different parts of the safe or rault door, with respect to the bolt-work, indifferently.

"The bolt-work on different safe or vaultdoors is frequently such that the time-lock and the combination or key lock cannot be applied together; but in such case the timelock may be attached at the most convenient location, as no opening through the door is requisite.

"The time-lock can be applied with ease and facility to the doors of old safes or vaults having the combination or key lock already thereon, thus securing the advantage of a time-lock and a combination or key lock without the necesssity of removing the old lock.

"I do not claim, broadly, a time-lock of any peculiar construction; nor do I claim two or more combination locks combined with the bolt-work of a safe or vault door, as such are old and well known.

"What I claim and desire to secure by letters patent is

(1) The combination, with the bolt-work of a safe or vault-door, of a time-lock and a combination or key lock, both applied independently on a safe, vault, or other door, so as to rest against or connect with the bolt-work on said door, and provided with a device whereby the bolt-work may be retained in the unlocked position for shutting the door, and be automatically locked by the time-lock and mechanically by the combination or key lock when the bolt-work is cast, the whole so arranged that the bolt-work cannot be withdrawn when locked till both locks have been unlocked.

898.

⚫369

"(2) The combination of a clock-lock and a combination or key lock, both constructed to be applied on a safe, vault, or other door, so as to rest against the door-bolt, and provided with a lock-bolt having an opening or an offset, which is automatically brought in and out of coincidence with the tongue of the door-bolt, whereby the door. bolt may be retained in the unlocked position for shutting the door, and prevented from being withdrawn, when locked, until both locks have been unlocked."

Claim 3 of reissue No. 7,947 was passed upon by Judge SHIPMAN, in the circuit court for the district of Connecticut, in March, 1881, in the suits of Yale Lock Manuf'g Co. v. Norwich Nat. Bank, and Same v. New Haven Sav. Bank, reported in 19 Blatchf. 123, and 6 Fed. Rep. 377. He held that claim 3 covered a new and patentable invention, and was valid. On the question of the validity of the reissue as to claim 3, he said: "It is next urged that the third claim of the reissue is void, because it was abandoned by the patentee upon the objection of the patent-office, when the original application was pending. In Sargent's original application he

"(2) The combination of a time-lock and a combination or key lock, both constructed to be applied on a safe, vault, or other door, so as to rest against the bolt-work, and provided with a lock-bolt or obstruction having an opening or offset, which is automatically brought into and out of coincidence with the tongue of the bolt-work, whereby the bolt-work may be retained in the unlocked position for shutting the door, and prevented from being retracted when locked, until both locks have been unlocked.

"(3) The combination, with the bolt-work of a safe or vault-door, of a combination or key lock controllable mechanically from the exterior of said door, with a time-lock having a lock-bolt or obstruction for locking and unlocking controllable from the interior of the door, both of said locks being arranged so as to rest against or connect with the bolt-work, the time-lock being automotically unlocked by the operation of the time movement, both of said locks being independent of each other, and arranged to control the locking and unlocking of the bolt-work, so that said safe or vault-door cannot be opened when locked until both of said locks have been unlocked or have released their dogging action, to enable the door to be opened, substantially as described."

*370

made one broad claim. The application was rejected by the examiner, whose decision was reversed by the board of examiners. The examiner then requested that a new application be made, upon the ground that the case presented to the board was not the same case which had been presented to him. A new application was made, containing only the first two claims of the reissue. Then followed a long and earnestly contested litigation in the patent-office between various interfering applicants, in which, apparently, both patentability and priority were discussed. The Little application contained the broad claim, and the board of examiners said, at one