gineering duties only, officers of the Naval Flying Corps restricted by
law to aeronautic duties only, officers of the Naval Coast Defense
Reserve not designated by the Bureau of Navigation as qualified for
the Fleet Naval Reserve, officers of the Naval Auxiliary Reserve, and
officers of the Naval Reserve Flying Corps shall have all necessary
authority for the exercise of command within their particular depart-
ments or services for the due performance of their respective duties,
but shall not exercise military command outside of their respective
departments or services: Provided, That nothing herein shall be taken
to restrict the right of officers of the line assigned to engineering duties
only, in accordance with the provisions of the act of August 29, 1916,
to succession to command on shore within the meaning of said act:
Provided further, That the commanding officer of a squadron, division,
flotilla, or higher naval authority, may, when he deems desirable and
where not inconsistent with law, specifically authorize any line officer
to exercise command on board the ship to which he is attached without
regard to the above restrictions, and may specifically direct a senior
line officer, to whom the restrictions of this paragraph apply, to exercise
the function of senior officer present in the absence of a line officer not
so restricted: And provided further, That, for the purpose of determining
who shall exercise command over a combined force, composed of ves-
sels commanded by officers of the National Naval Volunteers, and of
vessels commanded by officers of the regular Navy, acting in conjunc-
tion or over a combined force on shore composed of military units com-
manded by officers of said Volunteers and officers of the regular Navy or
Marine Corps, acting in conjunction, all officers of said Volunteers of
or above the rank of lieutenant-commander or major will be regarded as
junior to lieutenant-commanders and majors of the regular Navy and
Marine Corps, respectively. (Act of Aug. 29, 1916.)

Staff officers.

Rank and ti

1004. The officers of the staff are as follows: Medical officers, dental officers, pay officers, chaplains, professors of mathematics, naval constructors, civil engineers.

1006. (1) When the office of chief of bureau is filled by an officer tles of line offi- below the rank of rear admiral, said officer shall, while holding said office, have the rank and, except as otherwise provided for by law or regulation, title of rear admiral.

cers, chiefs of bureaus.

Titles of other

reaus.
C. N. R. 12.

(2) The chiefs of the Bureaus of Medicine and Surgery, Supplies and chiefs of bu Accounts, Steam Engineering, Construction and Repair, and Yards and Docks, while holding these offices, shall have, respectively, the the title of Surgeon General of the Navy, Paymaster General of the Navy, Engineer in Chief of the Navy, Chief Constructor of the Navy, and Chief of Civil Engineers of the Navy. Each such chief of bureau, however, shall be addressed and designated by the title of his rank; in written communications the title of his office to be stated next after his name.

Judge Advocate General.

Acting appointments.

Authority of staff officers.

(3) Correspondence from a chief of bureau shall show the name of his office.

(4) The Judge Advocate General shall be an officer of the Navy or Marine Corps, and shall have, while holding said office, the rank and title of captain in the Navy or colonel in the Marine Corps, as the case may be.

(5) An officer holding an acting appointment shall affix the title of his acting rank to his official signature, and when such appointment is revoked he shall resume the title of his actual rank.

1007. (1) Officers of the staff shall, under the commanding officer, have all necessary authority within their particular departments for the due performance of their respective duties, and they shall be obeyed accordingly by their subordinates.

(2) They shall not, by virtue of rank and precedence, have any additional right to quarters, nor shall they have authority to exercise

R 1043; nor shall they take precedence of their commanding officer; nor shall they take precedence of the aid or executive of the commanding officer while executing the orders of such commanding officer on board of the vessel or at the station to which he is attached; nor shall they be exempted from obeying the lawful commands of officers of the line who may be charged by proper authority with the details of military duty incident to the naval service.

officers C. N. R. 12.

1008. Officers in oral official communications shall be addressed by How the title of their rank, except that those below the rank of commander are addressed. may be addressed by the title of their rank or as Mr.; and, in the case of officers of the Medical Corps, as Dr.

Precedence of

1009. (1) All line officers of the same rank take precedence with each other according to their respective dates of commission in such officers. rank. All staff officers of the same rank take precedence with each other according to their respective dates of commission in such rank. All line and staff officers of the same rank; originally commissioned as officers of the Navy since March 4, 1913, take precedence with each other according to their respective dates of commission in such rank. All line and staff officers of the same rank, originally commissioned as officers of the Navy on or before March 4, 1913, take precedence with each other according to length of service in the Navy. (For purpose of estimating length of service such staff officers are credited with constructive service under sec. 1486, R. S., as amended.) The precedence of officers of the Navy is shown in the precedence list published in the Navy Register. Where commissioned officers of the different corps, who are not graduates of the Naval Academy, take precedence from the same date, they shall be arranged in the precedence table to take rank in the following order: (a) Line officers; (b) medical officers; (c) officers of the Pay Corps; (d) chaplains; (e) professors of mathematics; naval constructors; (g) civil engineers.

(2) All processions on shore where officers appear in an official capacity and where formation is necessary, shall be regarded as military formations. (Sec. 1489, R. S.)

1010. (1) The relative rank between officers of the Navy, whether on the active or retired list, and officers of the Army, and of the Marine Corps, shall be as follows, lineal rank only being considered:

(a) Admiral shall rank with general.

Vice admiral with lieutenant general.

Rear admiral with major general.

(d) Commodore with brigadier general. Captain with colonel.

Commander with lieutenant colonel.

Lieutenant commander with major.

Lieutenant with captain.

Lieutenant (junior grade) with first lieutenant.

Ensign with second lieutenant. (Sec. 1466, R. S.)

(2) In fixing the relative rank of officers of the Army, officers of the Navy, and officers of the Marine Corps, of the same grade and date of appointment and commission, the time which each may have actually served as a commissioned officer of the United States, whether continuously or at different periods, shall be taken into account. (Sec. 1219, R.S.)

(3) Officers in the same grade in the Army, Navy, and Marine Corps have relative rank and precedence among themselves according to the dates, respectively, of their commissions, the senior in commission ranking the junior. (Op. Att. Gen., Oct. 7, 1905.)

C. N. R. 10.

Officers of the

Navy and the Army and Marine Corps.

(4) Graduates of the Naval Academy who, upon graduation, are C. N. R. 7. assigned to the Marine Corps and appointed second lieutenants therein, take rank with their classmates who are appointed ensigns in the Navy, in accordance with their final standing upon graduation. This applies only while holding the same relative rank and date of commission.

Marine Corps on the same footing as officers of similar grades in the Army. (Sec. 1603, R. S.)

and Army.

Officers of the Coast Guard.

1012. (1) The relative rank between officers of the Navy and Marine Corps, whether on the active or on the retired list, and officers of the Coast Guard, shall be as follows:

(a) Captain commandant with captain.

Senior captain and engineer-in-chief with commander.

(c) Captain and captain of engineers with lieutenant commander. (d) First lieutenant and first lieutenant of engineers with lieutenant. Second lieutenant and second lieutenant of engineers with lieutenant (junior grade).

(f) Third lieutenant and third lieutenant of engineers with ensign. Whenever the personnel of the Coast Guard, or any part thereof, is operating with the personnel of the Navy in accordance with law, precedence between commissioned officers of corresponding grades in the two services shall be determined by the date of commissions in those grades.

(2) The Coast Guard constitutes a part of the military forces of the United States operating under the Treasury Department in time of

(100R).