wreck, and they shall likewise furnish the master and the crew of the wrecked ship with such victuals and provisions as they may require, for which they shall receive payment. For their friendly aid and services in protecting, saving, preserving, and restoring to the British Consular authorities the goods and contents saved through their exertions from the wrecked vessel, or any portion thereof, they shall be entitled to such an amount of salvage as Her Majesty's Agent and Consul-General and the chief Tunisian authority on the spot shall judge a fair compensation for their services. The master and crew shall be at liberty to proceed to any place they please, and at any time they may think proper, without any hindrance.

In like manner, the ships of His Highness the Bey, or of Tunisian subjects, shall be assisted and protected in the dominions of the Queen of Great Britain as though they were British ships, and shall be subject only to the same lawful charges of salvage to which British ships, under similar circumstances, are liable.

XXXI. Should, however (which God forbid), the crew or any portion of the crew of a wrecked or stranded British vessel be murdered by the natives, or its cargo, or any part of its cargo or contents, be stolen by them, the Tunisian Government binds itself to take the most prompt and energetic measures for seizing the marauders or robbers, in order to proceed to their severe punishment. It, moreover, engages to make the most diligent search for the recovery and restitution of the stolen property; and whatever compensation for the damage done to individuals or to their effects, under similar circumstances, is granted, or may hereafter be granted to the subjects of the most favoured nation, or the equivalent of it, shall be also accorded to the subjects of the Queen of Great Britain.

XXXII. It is agreed and covenanted that if any of the crew of Her Majesty's ships of war or of British merchant-vessels, of whatever nationality they may be, borne on the papers of said ships, shall desert within any port in the Regency of Tunis, the authorities of such port or territory shall be bound to give every assistance in their power for the apprehension of such deserters, on the application of the British authority. In like manner, if any of the crew of the ships of His Highness the Bey, or of Tunisian merchant-vessels, not being slaves, shall desert in any of the ports or harbours, within the dominions of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, the authorities of such ports or harbour shall give every assistance in their power for the apprehension of such deserters on the application of the commanding officer, captain, or any other Tunisian authority, and no person whatsoever shall protect or harbour such deserters.

XXXIII. The ships of war belonging to Her Majesty the Queen,

and the ships belonging to His Highness the Bey, shall have free liberty to use the ports of each country for washing, cleansing, and repairing any of their defects, and to buy for their use any sort of provisions alive or dead, or any other necessaries, at the market price, without paying custom to any officer.

And it is moreover agreed that, whenever any of Her Majesty's ships of war shall arrive in the Bay of Tunis, and shall fire a salute of 21 guns, the Castle of the Goletta, or the Tunisian ships of war, shall return the same number of guns as the Royal salute to Her Majesty's colours, according to ancient usage.

XXXIV. The Government of the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in consideration of the sincere friendship that has at all times existed between Her Majesty and His Highness the Bey, agrees that Tunisian ships and cargoes shall be received at the ports and harbours of the British dominions upon the same footing as British vessels and cargoes.

XXXV. British vessels arriving in any of the Tunisian ports for the purpose of trade or by reason of stress of weather, or to repair damages, shall not be compelled to discharge their cargoes or any portion of their cargoes, and they shall not be made to change their destination or to receive any passengers on board unless it be with their own free will, but they shall be respected, and they shall be allowed to depart without any hindrance. Should they be compelled to land their cargoes, or a portion thereof, in order to effect repairs, they shall also be permitted to re-embark such goods free of any duty or charge whatsoever.

Tunisian vessels shall receive the like friendly treatment in ports and harbours of the British dominions.

XXXVI. If any British subject should die in any place or territory appertaining to His Highness the Bey, no Governor or other Tunisian officer shall, on any pretence whatsoever, take possession or dispose of, or interfere with the goods and property of the deceased, but such goods and property, of whatever description, may be taken possession of by his heirs, or by the British Consular authority, without any hindrance or impediment whatsoever on the part of such Governor or Tunisian officer.

If, however, a British subject should die at a place where there is no British Consul, or whilst travelling, in such a case the Tunisian authorities of the place where he died shall be bound to preserve and protect his goods and effects: they shall make, with the assistance of notaries, a faithful inventory of them, which inventory they shall lose no time in sending to the nearest Governor of a place where an English Consul resides.

Should the deceased British subject leave behind him debts due from him to a native, the Consul-General or his deputy shall assist

the creditor in the recovery of his claim upon the estate of the deceased; and, likewise, if the deceased should leave behind debts due to him from Tunisians, the Governor, or those who have such power, shall compel the debtors to pay what is due by them to the Consul-General or his deputy, for the benefit of the estate of the deceased.

XXXVII. The British Government and His Highness the Bey, moved by sentiments of humanity and having regard to the free institutions which, under Providence, their respective countries happily enjoy, mutually engage to do all in their power for the suppression of slavery. Whilst, on the one part, the British Government engage not to relax their efforts with friendly Powers for the prevention of the barbarous traffic in human beings, and for the emancipation of slaves, His Highness the Bey especially engages, on the other, to cause the Declaration of Moharem, 1262 (23rd January, 1846),* abolishing for ever slavery in the Regency, to be obeyed and respected, and to use his utmost efforts to discover and punish all persons within his Regency who contravene or act contrary thereto.

XXXVIII. The British Government and His Highness the Bey engage to do all in their power for the suppression of piracy; and His Highness especially engages to use his utmost efforts to discover and punish all persons on his coasts or within his territory who may be guilty of that crime, and to aid the British Government in so doing.

XXXIX. Privateering is now and for ever abolished: His Highness the Bey being desirous to maintain inviolable the neutrality of the Regency of Tunis, it has been established and agreed that, in case of war or hostilities, he shall not permit the enemies of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain to fit out privateers in the ports of the Regency, or to sail from them to prey upon the ships and commerce of her subjects; and it is moreover established that His Highness shall not permit or tolerate in the Regency of Tunis the sale of any prize whatsoever which shall have belonged or may belong to the belligerents.

The Queen of Great Britain will cause to be observed the same rules of neutrality towards Tunisian ships and subjects in all the seaports of Her Majesty's dominions.

XL. In order that the two Contracting Parties may have the opportunity of hereafter treating and agreeing upon such other arrangements as may tend still further to the improvement of their mutual intercourse, and to the advancement of the interests of their respective people, it is agreed that at any time after the expiration of 7 years from the date of the present Convention of Commerce and Navigation, either of the High Contracting Parties shall have

* Vol. XXXV. Page 642.

the right to call upon the other to enter upon a revision of the same; but until such revision shall have been accomplished by common consent, and a new Convention shall have been concluded and put into operation, the present Convention shall continue and remain in full force and effect.

XLI. If any doubt should arise with regard to the interpretation or the application of any of the stipulations of the present Convention, it is agreed that in Tunis the interpretation the most favourable to British subjects shall be given, and in Her Majesty's dominions that most favourable to Tunisians. It is not pretended by any of the foregoing Articles to stipulate for more than the plain and fair construction of the terms employed, nor to preclude in any manner the Tunisian Government from the exercise of its rights of internal administration where the exercise of those rights does not evidently infringe upon the privileges accorded by the present Con. vention to British subjects or British commerce.

XLII. The stipulations of the present Convention shall come into immediate operation, and shall be substituted for the stipulations of all preceding Treaties between Great Britain and Tunis, with the exception of the Convention of the 10th of October, 1863, already referred to in Article XVII preceding, which is renewed and confirmed.

This Convention has been written in triplicate, consisting in 42 Articles, besides the introduction, and contained in the preceding 43 pages, to be signed by both parties, and to be executed in the manner explained and clearly set forth in its several provisions, having for object the duration, confirmation, and maintenance of amity between them.

Dated Monday, the 16th day of Gumad-el-Thany, 1292 of the Hegira, corresponding to the 19th of July, 1875.

(L.S.) RICHARD WOOD.

(L.S.) MUHAMMAD AS-SADIG PASHA, Bey.

AGREEMENT between Great Britain and Egypt, respecting Judicial Reforms in Egypt. (Extension to Great Britain and to British Subjects of Convention between France and Egypt of November 10, 1874, and between Germany and Egypt of May 5, 1875, as well as of any other arrangements which the Egyptian Government has made or may hereafter make with any Foreign Power respecting Judicial Reforms or Consular Tribunals.)-Signed at Alexandria, July 31, 1875.

THE Undersigned, Charles Alfred Cookson, Esquire, Her

LES Soussignés, Mr. Charles A. Cookson, Gérant de l'Agence