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tional agriculture throughout the State into a State organization to promote cooperation. Mimeographed material was issued from time to time for disseminating information and aid to school officials and instructors. Blue prints of school-room equipment and arrangement, farm shop, and various shop and farm equipment problems have been prepared and furnished schools desiring to qualify, as well as to schools operating vocational classes.

Fourteen schools, an increase of approximately 250 per cent over last year, were approved for Federal aid and enrolled 216 pupils in vocational work. The total income of pupils from directed or supervised practice in agriculture in 1918-19 was $1,444.75.

Teacher-training work was continued at the State agricultural and mechanical college and enrolled three students in teacher-training work. Because the enrollment in the teacher-training classes of the agricultural and mechanical college was very small and probably will be for some time to come, and also because of the expressed desire of the graduates of the agricultural and mechanical college who are in high-school work and other lines of agricultural work in the State to qualify as teachers of vocational agriculture, the State board proposes to set up a plan of combined supervision and improvement of teachers in service-that is, the supervisor of vocational agricul ture shall divide his time equally between supervision and itinerant teacher training and improvement of teachers in service. A survey of the State was made to locate any possible candidates who had sufficient credit in agriculture and who by taking this course would be able to qualify for positions of instructors in vocational agriculture. The outlook for the development of vocational agricultural education is exceedingly bright. A larger number of boards of education in the State are manifesting a desire to install a department of vocational agriculture in their schools. Vocational agriculture is being backed by the State horse and cattlemen's association to the extent of furnishing funds to finance half of the expenses of a stockjudging team to the International Live Stock Exposition and by publishing its approval of the work.

HOME ECONOMICS EDUCATION.

The State director for vocational education is giving two-sevenths of her time to supervising the work of home economics in the State. An increase of 7 in the number of all-day vocational schools over last year brought the number up to 12. Seven of these were departments in high schools, with an enrollment of 108 students, and 5 were grammar-school departments, with 140 students, making a total of 248 day students.

These day schools are all developing home projects and hiring 12months teachers to supervise the work. An especially interesting

plan for reaching small communities is being worked out on the Dona Ana vocational circuit, where the specialist spends one full day a week at each of the five schools on the circuit-the half day being given over to vocational home economics. The specialist leaves an outline of work to be carried out by the regular teacher for the other four days. As the school attendance is largely made up of Spanish-Americans, the whole program is practically one of Americanization. There were two evening classes, with an enrollment of 26 students.

The State college trains teachers of vocational home economics, 16 students being enrolled in the teacher-training course. Two training courses were offered for preparation of teachers of evening schools, one at Santa Fe and the other at the normal university at Las Vegas.

TRADES AND INDUSTRIES.

1. Evening classes.--The principal line of development in trade and industrial education in the State is the evening classes in mining occupations and auto-mechanics. In one coal-mining camp there are 5 evening classes with a total enrollment of 40. The instructor in charge of this work in the camp acts as coordinator and also gives teacher-training work to the instructors of the evening classes. The evening class in auto-mechanics at Roswell continues to be very successful. Another auto company of Roswell attempted to conduct classes independently of all aid, but, after a short time, sent for the State supervisor to organize the work as Smith-Hughes courses. The total enrollment in evening classes this year was 80, more than double that of last year.

2. Part-time classes.-Plans are under way to establish part-time classes in the brick plant at Gallup. The passage of the compulsory school-attendance law resulted in full-time attendance rather than a demand for part-time classes. Consequently, no approved trade or industrial part-time trade-preparatory or trade-extension classes have been organized. However, enrollments are now being made for part-time classes in commercial education to begin with the opening of schools. One general continuation part-time class in home economics was established during the year.

3. All-day schools or classes.-There were two general industrial schools, one at Albuquerque and one at Carlsbad. The unit trade school in auto-mechanics at the State college was continued throughout the year with an enrollment of 80. There were two all-day schools last year.

4. Teacher training.-The State supervisor has given 50 per cent of his time training teachers on the job. He has prepared outlines and bulletins for the use of the instructors. No attempt has been made to undertake teacher training in the all-day schools for in

struction in trades and industries. All of this work has been done by training the teachers in service. However, the State normal school at Silver City is establishing teacher-training courses for instruction in part-time general continuation classes.

NEW YORK.

Members of State board: Pliny T. Sexton, lawyer, chancellor of the university; Albert Vander Veer, surgeon; Chester S. Lord, editor; William Nottingham, lawyer; Adelbert Moot, lawyer; Charles B. Alexander, lawyer; Walter Guest Kellogg, lawyer; James Byrne, lawyer; Herbert L. Bridgman, editor; Thomas J. Mangan, lawyer; William J. Wallin, lawyer; William Bondy, lawyer.

Executive officer: Dr. John Finley, State commissioner of education, Albany.

Director, division of agricultural and industrial education: L. A. Wilson.

Specialist for industrial education and teacher training: R. H. Rodgers.

Specialist, part-time education: Oakley Furney.

Special supervision: M. J. Kane.

Special industrial supervision: Verne Bird and W. B. Kamprath. Specialist, vocational education for girls: Eleanor D. Toaz and Marion S. Van Liew.

Special agent, teacher training: Mrs. Mamie Judy.

Specialists, agricultural education: C. E. Ladd and A. K. Getman; assistants, A. P. Williams and W. J. Weaver.

AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION.

In New York State the agricultural education program is organized under three heads: (1) Elementary agriculture as a part of the instruction of the seventh and eighth grades of the rural and elementary schools, (2) instruction in vocational agriculture in highschool departments, and (3) instruction in vocational agriculture in six State schools of agriculture. Definite cooperative relationships have been worked out between the teachers of vocational agriculture and the work in elementary agriculture. The supervisory staff for agriculture continued practically as it was for the previous year. There were 205 visits made to high-school departments of agriculture and nine visits to the State schools. A general conference of teachers of agriculture in high-school departments of agriculture was held. During the year three special types of work have been emphasized: (1) Preparation of a course of study and teaching plan for the work of each year in each department of agriculture, (2)

the improvement of the supervised practical work through the setting of suggested project standards and the formulation of definite methods for conducting project work, and (3) the improvement of the organization of subject matter in agriculture in terms of teaching units. Four publications have appeared during the year: (1) "High School Departments of Vocational Agriculture," (2) "The Home Project: What it is and How Conducted," (3) "The Agricultural Teachers' Bulletin," issued monthly, and (4) "The Vocational Teacher and the Study Problem."

Sixty-five schools, including five State schools of agriculture, an increase of approximately 18 per cent over last year, were approved for Federal aid and enrolled 1,392 pupils in vocational work. The total income of pupils from directed or supervised practice in agriculture in 1918-19 was $55,717. During the year five short courses were conducted in various centers of the State.

The teacher-training work at the New York State College of Agriculture continued practically as it was for the previous year. Two new courses were offered: (1) Rural secondary education, and (2) rural school administration. Forty-two students were enrolled in the upper classes of the teacher-training courses. Approximately 50 teachers have been served in personal visitation from the teachertraining department. In addition to this the department has cooperated in State conferences and in all the district conferences which have been held. A six weeks' summer session was held at the State agricultural college.

Next year emphasis will be placed upon a detailed study of the educational and agricultural conditions in local communities to the end that departments of vocational agriculture may be established in localities most favorably suited to the sound development of such instruction.

HOME ECONOMICS EDUCATION.

Two supervisors, one from the State college for teachers and one from the State agricultural college, were loaned for part-time supervision.

No Federal funds have yet been used for day, part-time, or evening classes in home economics.

Three schools have been designated to train teachers of vocational home economics-namely, the State agricultural college, the State college for teachers, and the State normal school at Buffalo. At the agricultural college 76 students were enrolled in the vocational course; at the State college for teachers, 95 students; and at the Buffalo State Normal School, 51 students-a total of 222 students in New York State being trained for vocational teachers of home economics. Since the course at the normal school was changing from

two to four years in length, there was no senior class. All three of these institutions are stressing vocational experience, requiring a definite amount of home management one summer, and commercial or trade experience a second summer during the course.

A two years' course (60 lessons per year) for the training of teachers of evening schools is offered by the extension department of the Buffalo State Normal School. Courses for training of teachers of part-time classes have been held at nine centers.

TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION.

Instructor training courses for part-time teachers were carried on at the Oswego and Buffalo Normal Schools. Training courses for shop teachers and related-subjects teachers have been established in Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, Utica, Elmira, Albany, Binghamton, and New York City. Surveys were conducted during the year in Depew, Utica, Niaraga Falls, Lockport, Medina, and Amsterdam. Special attention has been given by the State office to the problem of women in industry. There has not been a large number of additions to the schools approved in previous years, but there has been a decided improvement in the character of the instruction. The ratio of evening classes to part-time and all-day classes is quite satisfactory. An increase in the number of evening classes over part-time classes is indicated in the report. The new compulsory part-time law will effect a very decided increase in part-time classes during the coming year. Notable progress has been made in teacher training in the State of New York. Courses of study have been revised and the Scope of the work enlarged and additional classes added.

Special attention has been given to the training of part-time teachers with a rather unique plan which trains one man to handle all of the work of a class, both shop and related, and which also trains two men to handle the work of one class, one giving shop instruction and the other related and general work. This plan makes it possible for the State to determine by actual observation which method of teaching part-time classes will produce the better results.

NORTH CAROLINA.

Members of State board: Dr. E. C. Brooks, executive officer. Miss Mary Arrington, B. W. Kilgore, and T. B. Fuller.

State director: T. E. Browne.

State supervisor of agricultural education: Roy H. Thomas: Roy A. Olney, assistant State supervisor.

State supervisor of home economics education: Miss Edith M. Thomas.

State supervisor of trade and industrial education: George W Coggin; H. H. Willis, assistant State supervisor.

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