N. R. Campbell: "Physics: The Elements," Oxford University Press. F. J. Goodnow: "American Conceptions of Liberty and Government," Brown University. H. G. Wells: "The Outline of History," The Macmillan Company. Moses C. Tyler: "Literary History of the Declaration of Independence," G. P. Putnam's Sons. Max Farrand: "The Fathers of the Constitution," "The Chronicles of America," Yale University Press. A. C. McLaughlin: "The Confederation and the Constitution," Harper & Brothers. Woodrow Wilson: "The History of the American People," Harper & Brothers. John Fiske: "The Critical Period in American History," Houghton, Mifflin Company. J. B. McMasters: "History of the People of the United States," American Book Company. J. W. Burgess: "Political Science and Comparative Constitutional Law," Ginn and Company. J. B. McMasters: "With the Fathers," D. Appleton and Company. Oliver Brett: "A Defense of Liberty," G. P. Putnam's Sons. R. F. Pettigrew: "Triumphant Plutocracy," The Academy Press. J. L. and B. Hammond: "The Town Laborer," Longmans, Green and Co. Woodrow Wilson: "Division and Reunion," Longmans, Green and Co. Theodore Roosevelt: "The Progressive Party," The Century Company and The Roosevelt Estate. Hannis Taylor: "Origin and Growth of the English Constitution," Houghton, Mifflin Company. J. M. Beck: "The Constitution of the United States," George H. Doran Company. G. L. Beer: "The English-Speaking People," The Macmillan Company. A. B. Hart: Introduction to "Liberty Documents" by Mabel Hill, Longmans, Green and Company. R. J. Swenson: "The National Government and Business," The Century Co. The author acknowledges especial indebtedness to Dr. G. L. Scherger's "The Evolution of Modern Liberty. He also expresses thanks to his personal friends who have assisted him with suggestions or with proof reading. He particularly thanks Mrs. N. G. Penniman, Miss Florence Butler, Mr. Huston Thompson, Mr. Theodore Bolton and Mr. W. T. Stone. PREFACE .. CONTENTS Some of the Characteristic Ameri- can Political Ideas, the Unique American Environment and the In- terrelation of Ideas and Environ- The Ideas from the Viewpoint of Present-day Political Theory . CHAPTER 3. The Ideas as Expressed in or by the GROUP ONE "The Individual," "Popular Sov- ereignty," "Democracy," "Govern- GROUP TWO "Natural Law," "Natural Rights" 150 GROUP THREE—"The Social Compact," "All Gov- ernments Derive their Just Rights from the Consent of the Governed" 162 GROUP FOUR-Liberalism-"Free Speech," "Free Press," "Freedom of Assemblage," "Freedom of Conscience," "Right |