Icate late The Structural steel shapes.-Structural steel shapes, such as angles, T's, channels, I beams, and plates that are built into brick walls are shown on the sections by solid lines. If indicated on the elevations, the positions of such structural shapes are noted by dotted lines the same as other concealed items of construction. In Figure 67, page 95, are shown the methods of illustrating the steel shapes commonly used cted at a FIG. 65.-Lines used by the draftsman in making working and setting drawings in the drawings. Study these conventions carefully for the purpose of associating the names with the conventions. At the end of this section there are given combinations of these shapes, either riveted or bolted together, of which you are asked to write down the correct names. Setting drawings.-The drawings that are furnished the bricklayer are known as the cutting and setting drawings. They are so designated, since the same drawings are used for making out the individual cutting tickets to be used in the plant by the stonecutters and also by the bricklayer in setting the finished trim. Such draw FIG. 66.-Conventions used by the architect in designating the materials to be used for different parts of a building ings are numbered and lettered, indicating the position of each stone. The stones are similarly numbered and lettered on the back or end. Figure 68 shows a portion of a cutting and setting drawing for cutstone trim occurring at a corner of a two-story brick building. This drawing shows the stone in plan and elevation, with accompanying detailed sections of the several members drawn to a larger scale. This drawing is carefully dimensioned and it is the usual practice to use the dimensions rather than to attempt to scale the drawing. At the end of this section a number of questions referring to this particular drawing are asked, and it will be necessary to refer to the various lines and conventions discussed in the previous paragraph in order to give the correct answers. Cutting tickets used by stonecutter.-Figure 69-A illustrates several stonecutting tickets. The drawings or diagrams on these tickets. show the form of the particular stone. These diagrams are carefully dimensioned and are followed by the stonecutter in working up the individual pieces of cut stone. The usual type of stonecutting diagrams consists of a plan and section drawing on one ticket as illustrated by Figure 69-A. Frequently where it is desired to indicate that all or a portion of the ends of the stone are to be finished as well as the face, a properly dimensioned isometric diagram as shown by Figure 69-B is used. I[HI L H FOR BEAMS FOR BEAMS UNDER 10" IDEAM CHANNEL H DEAM·ANGLE TEE PLATE BEAM SEPARATORS. FIG. 67. Conventions designating steel shapes When the stone to be cut has a model profile, a cross section and top bed plan as indicated by Figure 69-C is customarily used. On this drawing it will be noted that a sectional pattern is indicated. This pattern showing section and profile is cut from sheet zinc by the draftsman and is used to show the section of all molded members. It will be noted that this drawing also indicates how the ends of the stone are to be finished, the molded section for this particular stone being returned on an internal angle at one end and returned on an external angle with 45° slope at opposite end. While reversed patterns for trying the surface are sometimes used for hand-cutting operations, these are rarely used now, as the tool grinder who prepares the cutting tools, shapes and sharpens these accurately to a profile that conforms with the zinc patterns showing the section of the stone. The stone shown in Figure 69-C would in part be produced on a planer or a shaper and in part by hand in view of the fact that it would not be practical to cut the return on the internal angle by machine. You will notice at the bottom of each of these tickets (fig. 69) the over-all dimensions of the stone are given, as well as the cubical contents of the particular piece of stone to be cut. The identification marks are also included, which conform with the designation of this particular stone on the cutting and setting drawings. B The lettered designations refer to the different drawing members. For instance, the tickets for drawing No. 1, covering either an entire elevation or portion of an elevation, would be lettered "A." Other PLAN SECTION ON BB WITH PLAN CC DOTTED FIG. 68.-Cutting and setting drawing showing cut-stone trim in the corner of a two-story brick building tickets for drawing No. 2 would similarly be lettered "B." Tickets for drawing No. 3 are lettered "C." ASSIGNMENTS COVERING THE READING OF DRAWINGS 1. Reading a section drawing.-In Figure 70 is illustrated a section of a corner of a building in which a number of materials common |