the dreadful arts of naval and military warfare, the I took upon him our nature, set us a perfect example slave trader visits the coasts of unoffending Africa. of piety and virtue. He went about doing good He employs his agents to tear her inhabitants from to the bodies and souls of men. He taught bis distheir country, their families, and their friends; to ciples that the evil dispositions and passions of burn their villages and ravage their fields; to spread men are not to be indulged, but that they are to terror and desolation through their peaceful dwel-be restrained by the power of his Spirit acting lings. He foments wars between neighboring chief upon the soul. His parables teach us the happy eftains, in order to supply himself with their subjects, fects of a religious life. His miraculous cures bethe victims of his avarice. Having thus either sto-speak a tender compassion for the sufferings and len or bought his fellow men, who are equally with afflictions of man. His discourses inculcate disinhimself entitled to their liberty, and of which he terested, genuine humanity. The man who traffics possesses no right whatever to deprive them, he in the lives and liberties of his fellow beings, hurries them to the vessel that may be waiting in goes forth to gratify the malevoient passions of selsome adjoining creek to receive the objects of his fishness and avarice; he does violence to all the tencruelty; or he chains them with iron fetters, or loads der feelings of humanity, and spreads around him them with heavy yokes, and drives them like the distress and terror. Our blessed Redeemer has beasts of the field to the shores. There new dis. taught us pure, impartial justice, in this plain tresses await them; they are violently conveyed on but most important language, all things whatboard the ships stationed to receive them, stowed soever ye would that men should do to you, beside each other like bales of goods, and conveyed do ye even so to them." The slave trader, in across the Atlantic to the place of their destination. open violation of this injunction, acts towards The horrors of this passage cannot be adequately others in a way which he would use every means described even by those who have been witnesses in his power to resist, if it were practised upon of them. Faint, then, must be the idea we can him. He is indeed guilty of the greatest injustice; form of the situation of upwards of three hundred he deprives his fellow men of their liberty; that gift human beings, in a comparatively small vessel, each of heaven which is estimated as the greatest of limitted to so narrow a space, that it often happens civil blessings; and which is the natural, and, they cannot lie on their backs. Here they are sub. (whilst we are not disturbing the peace and tranjected to miserable reflections-for the power of quility of our neighbours), the unalienable right of reflection in common with us they' undoubtedly the whole human race. And here we would ob possess on the past, the present and the future. serve that as the practice itself is clearly unjust, It Their shrieks, and cries, and groans, ought to be cannot be warranted by any commercial considera. sufficient to excite pity in the hardest heart. Ar- tions. That which is morally wrong cannot be pobitrary and cruel power is often exercised to pre-litically right. And our beneficent Creator has vent those attempts at insurrection, to which their wisely ordered that our duty and our interest should situation prompts them. And such is their state of be intimately combined; and it is contrary to his desperation, that they are often ready to have re-gracious purpose, that gain and advantage should course to suicide. The noxious and pestilential be sought by one part of his rational creation, from effluvia, that arises from their close confinement the distress and sufferings of another. between decks, (which are often not more than It has been alleged by some, that the natives of three feet apart), or from the illness of their com· [Africa are a race of beings inferior to ourselves. panions, produce loss of appetite, disease, and, in If the intellectual powers of the present inhabitants many instances, suffocation, and other distressing of Europe are more vigorous than theirs, they forms of death. And here let us bear in mind, that should ever consider with thankfulness the means these cruelties are practised in violation of the laws by which they have risen to their state of mental of many of the nations of Europe, and that the energy. If, in the inscrutable orderings of his Di slave dealers in their attempts to elude the opera-vine Providence, that being who is all-powerful, and tions of the law, have recourse to fresh acts of op-all-wise, has accelerated the diffusion of moral and pression to accomplish their wicked designs.

religious knowledge through this quarter of the globe, are we not showing our ingratitude for the blessing bestowed upon us, by acts of cruelty and oppression to them? But is not their conduct under the sufferings to which they are subjected, a proof that they possess the common feelings of humanity? Our intercourse with them, and the au thentic reports of travellers, clearly show that they are capable of kindness, sensibility and gratitude; that they can make improvements in the arts of agriculture and mechanics, and that they can adopt wise and just regulations for the good order of society.

When released from their horrible prison, the surviving slaves are exposed to sale like cattle, and consigned to pass their days in the loss of liberty, far separated from their nearest earthly ties, and exposed to such acts of domineering violence, as a capricious master or his dependents may be dispos ed to exercise. 'Such is the cruelty practised upon thousands and tens of thousands of innocent suffer ers, not by men who might attempt to palliate their conduct on the plea of retaliating injuries; but by those who, when they themselves are enjoying the blessings of liberty, when the comforts of social life are within their reach, leave their native land for the sake of sordid gain, and spread desolation, distress, and misery, amongst a people who had never injured them. May the nations of Eu-blessings of christianity. To these we would reply rope consider in time the awful consequences that await such accumulated guilt!

The arguments of the christian, like the religion from which they are derived, are plain and simple, but they are in themselves invincible. The gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ is a system of peace, of love, of mercy, and of good will. The slave trade is a system of fraud and rapine, of violence and cruelty. The author of our salvation, when hel

It has also been maintained by some, that we are justified in forceing the inhabitants of Africa from their native soil, to make them acquainted with the

-The Divine Founder of our religion used no endeavors to compel his hearers to accept his doctrine, or to obey his precepts.--Even the Jews, who had been the peculiar objects of Almighty protection, who had, through many successive ge. nerations, partaken of the special care of God, were not to be forced to accept the blessings of the gos

Matthew, vii. 12.

pel. To them its promises were offered, and when I lose no time, to neglect no opportunity of pleading by that nation they were rejected, the] Saviour of a cause, in which the happiness and comfort of an the world, even when enumerating their sins and incalculable number of our fellow men, are most transgressions, so far from employing any compul- deeply involved. sory power, pronounced this pathetic lamentation. "Oh Jerusalem, Jerusalem, how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and ye would not." He is our Lord and Master: He is the Great Head of the christian church: his precepts and his examples are equally obligatory upon all his true disciples, in all ages and in all countries. If we follow them, in the meekness and lowliness which he taught, under the influence of his spirit, we shall be happy here, and happy hereafter: but if, bearing his name, and calling ourselves his disous Judge, declared, "Blessed are the merciful, ciples, even though we profess to be teaching his doctrine,if we reject his example, and violate his precepts, in the presence of those who have not, like ourselves, been partakers of the outward knowledge of the gospel, awful and fearful will be our future condition.

The nations of Europe owe indeed a heavy debt to Africa. Instead of improving the opportunity of their commercial intercourse with that unof

fending people, to exemplify the excellence of the christian religion by the kindness of their conduct, and the purity of their morals;-instead of endeavoring to convey to them a knowledge of those exalted views, of that increase of temporal happiness, which the spirit of christianity produces, many of them have gone forth to plunder and to ravage, to spread desolation and terror, to practice injustice and cruelty in their most odious forms; and thus have caused, the name of Christ to be blasphemed among the Gentiles through them.

We appeal to all who have felt that love of their country which is inherent in our nature; who can appreciate the blessings and enjoyments of social life; who can form an estimate of the endearing relation of parents and children, of brothers and sisters, of husband and wife. We entreat all to reflect on the violation of these feelings which is now practised on the continent of Africa; to cul. tivate in their minds from day to day, and from year to year, sentiments of pity for those unhappy suf ferers; to embrace every opportunity of advocating their cause among their neighbours, with christian firmness and love; and to obtain and diffuse correct information on the nature and extent of the traffic, by every means in their power, and in such

If the foregoing should be read by any who are employed in this cruel traffic, we would suggest to these a few reflections. We feel whilst thus attempting to describe the miseries which you are inflicting, that you also are our brethren-that although we view your actions with indignation and abhorence, you are the objects of our tender pity. As we are believers in a future state of rewards and punishments, we would warn you in christian love of the awful termination of that course of wickedness which you are pursuing. Our Lord, our righte for they shall obtain mercy;"--what then will become of the unmerciful and cruel? In the same most excellent discourse, he uttered this solemn sentence: "With what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again." What then will be the portion of those who have meted out cruelty, dis tress, and sorrow, to the innocent and unprotected?

The voice of reason and justice, the voice of humanity and religion, proclaims that the slave trade is an iniquity of the deepest die. May the friends of the abolition of this abominable traffic, wherever they are scattered, combine their efforts in this righteous cause-may their energy and alacrity be in proportion to the enormity of the evil-may their patience and perserverance be in proportion to the difficulties which they have to encounter; and may the laborers increase until the trade be eradicated from the face of the earth.

May it please the Almighty parent of the universe to hasten the period of its extirpation, and by this and other means to prepare for the coming of that day, when, "from the rising of the sun even to the going down of the same, his name shall be great among the Gentiles; and in every place incense shall be offered unto his name, and a pure offering."

Signed in, by order, and on behalf of the Yearly Meeting of the said society, held in London, the 25th of the fifth month, 1822, by

JOSIAH FORSTER, Clerk to the meeting this year.

a way as becomes the subjects of a christian go. Provisional government of Greece. vernment. The performance of acts of kindness and love to others is premitted by our great Creator, The Greek nation has taken arms, and combats in his unmerited mercy, to bring an immediate re- against tyranny. The rights of the people are inward;-a reward of such intrinsic value, that it contestible. The unheard of sacrifices made by becomes a strong incentive to further deeds of be. that people, have for object its independence, and nificence and humanity.-Surely then an attempt as it is accquainted with its rights, it knows also its to rescue our fellow-men from the most cruel and duty. In declaring its independence, it establishdistressing sufferings, is a pursuit worthy of our ed a central government to defend the former, and unwearied exertions, not only as our duty, but from the satisfaction which it may itself afford.

to fulfil the second, it is incumbent on the government to attain its object and to render the sacred We hope that none will be disheartened from cause of the people triumphant, to deprive the doing their utmost in this good cause, from the enemies of Greece of all their means of oppresthought that their efforts will be of little avail. No sion; in consequence, the provisional government one knows, let his station be ever so obscure, let of Greece, in virtue of the law of nations of ail his sphere of action be ever so limited, what may the states of Europe, declares now in a state of be the result of his persevering attempts in the blockade all the coast occupied by the enemy, both cause of justice and mercy. Great events have often in Epirus and the Peloponnesus, Eubea, (Negrofollowed what appeared to be but small and un-pont) and Thessaly from Epidaurus to Salonica, inimportant beginings. And we earnestly entreat those, whose influence may be more extensive, to Matthew, xxiii. 37.

cluding that place declares also in a state of blockade all the isles and ports occupied by the enemy in the Egean sea, the Sporadian Isles and the isle of Crete.

All vessels, under whatever flag they sail, which, my foot on board the vessel: whatever was my after obtaining a knowledge of the decree by the danger in remaining longer on board the chaloupe. commanders of the Greek squadrons, or by sepa-I have left the island in ashes. The Turks, after rate vessels, shall attempt to enter these ports, shall pillaging all the houses, set them on fire, and joinbe seized, and treated according to the laws and ing sword to fire to demolish them to the last stone, usages established in such cases. The comman-in the hope of finding concealed treasure. ders of Greek vessels shall continue to cause to be published this resolution, till the government have acquired the certainty that it has reached wherever it is necessary. The present declaration shall be besides communicated to all the consuls of the friendly, powers in the different states of Greece. The president of the executive power, A MAURO CORDATO. The minister of foreign affairs,

Corinth, March 13, 1822.

TH. NEGRI.

"Throughout the opulent Scio only fifteen houses are standing, containing our mothers, our sisters. and our daughters, reduced to the most dreadful slavery. There the monsters profane every thing to gratify their rage and their passions; and often the virgins, whom they have sullied by their embraces, receive from themselves the death which they wish for. All the chateaus which rendered our island the most agreeable in the Mediterranean, our academy, the library, the superb edifices of Saint Anaigiroso, Saint Victor, the apostles, 86 churches, and upwards of 40 villages, have been consumed by the flames.

SMYRNA, May 15. Extract of a private letter from a young Greek. "The ferocious incendiaries then scoured the «My dear brother-Prepare yourself on reading mountains and the forests, and they are now at the this letter to summon to your aid the strength of 24th village of Mastic. These tigers, a thousand your character; the blow which has struck us is so times more cruel than those of the forest, have terrible that all my reason is required not to suc-vented their hatred upon the dead, which they bear cumb under it. This opening alarms you-estimate to the living. They opened the tombs, and threw at once the extent of our misfortunes-we have to into the streets the bones of our fathers, and the weep for our country, the beautiful Scio, in the pow-corpses of their own victims were dragged by the er of our barbarous enemies-we have to deplore feet through the brooks. the loss of our numerous family.

"Every day women of the first families in the "Of all our relations my youngest sister alone island are exposed to sale in the public markets; escaped; by a miracle, owing to the protection of a articles of great value, such as the sacred vases of generous Frenchman, she has been restored to my the Greek and catholic churches, and the babiliembraces. How can I speak to you of our father?ments of the priests, are, by these wretches, sold Alas! this venerable old man now implores the Su-at a vile price. Through the intervention of the preme Being for his country, and for the unfortu- charge d'affaires of the French consulate, I have nate children who have survived him. The follow-succeeded in purchasing thirty five women, whose ing are the details of his dreadful assassination:-names I send you, and who are now in safety at the You know that he and our two brothers, Theodore consulate. and Constantine, and your father-in-law, were amongst the hostages shut up in the castle on the 8th inst; they went out with the archbishop, and it appears that, notwithstanding the promises of the barbarians, they had been all the time confined in dungeons; they were placed in two lines, and were either hung or put to death with prolonged tor

ments.

"Since my arrival here, the same scenes have been renewed every day: there are sales of diamonds, rich pelisses, jewellery, chalices, fine stuff's, in short, all kinds of valuable articles, which are in the streets, and are given away for nothing. How should it be otherwise, when all the inhabitants of Asia, from children of 15 to old men of 80, embark. ed every day for Scio, from whence they return "Our father and his companions witnessed with laden with our spoils? We can only return our tranquility the preparations for their execution, thanks to the Europeans who reside at Smyrna; they and these martyrs to their fidelity did not lose their have done all they could to purchase our women; presence of mind for a single instant. Our sister to purchase all, the treasures which the country of Henrietta is a slave: and I have not yet succeeded HOMER possessed before its disasters, would scarce. in discovering to what country of Asia the infa-ly suffice. Amongst the ravishers of them, there mous ravishers have carried her. Nor have I yet are some with souls so attrocious that they will not been able to obtain the least information respect-listen to any species of arrangement. ing the fate of our dear mother and three other One of these monsters refused 10,000 piastres sisters; the destiny of your wife and her family for the ransom of the wife of Gaba, and replied has also escaped my search. In short, our misforthat he would not restore her for 200,000. I have tunes are so great that I can scarely credit them. contributed to the ransom of Theodora Halle, pur"On the 11th inst. I quitted Scio-saved by a mi-chased for 5,000 piastres. M. Petrochochico, on racle from the dangers of the most sanguinary ca-learning the death of his brother, precipitated himtastrophe, of which any one can form an idea. But I do not feel that joy which one might experience on being delivered from the dreadful perils to which I have been exposed. Hatred and indignation against our executioners are the only senti ments which can henceforth dwell in my heart-Thanks to the European costume, which I have adopted; the captain of an English vessel agreed to take me on board; but my dreadful situation interested neither Turks nor Englishmen. The captain of the vessel would not allow me to embark till I had reckoned out to him 300 piastres, and it was not till after he had examined them one by one, that I received from him permission to set

self from a window; his sister Julia threw herself into a ditch; the other, made a slave, was brought here, where she was immediately purchased. Our good friend, Jean d'Andre, was killed in his house in the presence of his wife, whilst hastening to save his two sons, who shared the fate of their father, also, in the presence of their mother; the latter has been conveyed in slavery to Algiers.

My hand refuses to trace at greater length the atrociuos scenes which I have witnessed, and others a thousand times more dreadful might be added to these I have cited. In one word, the sanguinary catastrophe of Scio has produced the death or misery of 40,000 individuals, for to that amount may

be estimated the number of our fellow countrymen
and women put to death or reduced to slavery.forty bushels.
Just God, when will the day of vengeance come,
and what vengeance can ever inflict upon our odi.
ous assassins all the chastisement which they de-
serve?"

[It is quite possible, that if the preceding paraWheat. The crop in the United States, gene-graph should meet the eye of some British travelrally, appears to have been short of its usual pro-ler, he will put it down as a fact that all the snakes duct--but one farmer in New York is said to have in America are double headed.]

PRINTED BY WILLIAM OGDEN MILES, AT THE FRANKLIN PRESS, WATER-STREET, EAST OF SOUTH-STREET.

NEW SERIES. No. 2-Voь. XI.] BALTIMORE, SEPT. 14, 1822. [No. 2 Vol. XXIII. WHOLE NO.574

THE PAST-THE PRESENT-FOR THE FUTURE.

EDITED AND PUBLISHED BY H. NILES, AT $5 per annum, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.

THE DROUGHT. gular fact, that about the 20th ult, a wagon load of our was carried from Baltimore to York county, Pennsylvania-from whence, it is very possible, it might have been a short time before received; as large quantities are annually sent from that county to this city. The mills have nearly all stopped.

It should be noted, as a most sin-dom of America. But before they indulged in invective, it would have been wise to inquire who were the anthors of the evil. Other nations may have a right to taunt the Americans on the subject, but assuredly we have none. The slavery existing there is the misfortune of America-but it is the crime of Britain. We poured the foul infection into her veins; we fed and cherished the leprosy PAPER CARPETS, as a new discovery, or "inven- which now deforms that otherwise happy country." tion," are noticed in a Philadelphia paper. They Never was any thing more true than what is set appear to be exactly the same as those invented by forth in the preceding;-several of the colonies peMr. Guy, of Baltimore, eleven years ago and patent-titioned the British government to stop the trade ed-an account of which may be found in the 1st vol. of the REGISTER, page 328.

PHILADELPHIA. The public and private build. ings now erecting in this city, are numerous and important. We have already mentioned the new water works, on which it is estimated that the sum

long before the revolution broke out, and Virginia, especially, exerted herself to accomplish it, by appealing to the justice and humanity of the "mother country." But the trade was profitable to Englishmen, and a consideration of that solitary fact overwhelmed all others.

some way

It is an easy thing to rail against slavery, and those of 800,000 dollars will be expended before they are who inhabit countries or districts in which there complete, as they pretty soon will be. The new are none or very few blacks, may indulge themtheatre is almost finished--it is 100 feet front, by selves with schemes of emancipation--but, until 150 in depth, and is a splendid edifice. A state is provided to remove them out of the prison, 600 feet by 800, is going on-the founda. country, or overcome the prejudice against color, tions are composed of massy stones. The First every attempt of the kind must be ineffectual. Presbyterian church is nearly completed-a beauti. Without one or the other of these, a general libeful building, with a portico, columns and cupola: ration would be almost as productive of injury to It has cost about $65,000. St. Stephen's church, a the public welfare as a general insurrection. My fine specimen of Gothic architecture, adorned with feelings and principles on this subject are well spires, slender and delicate, but rising 125 feet in known-I never will hold a slave; but the desire the air, is expected to be occupied in December of my heart is to locate myself somewhere in which ensuing. St. Andrew's church, just commenced, is a black man is a rarity. The worst persons among to have a steeple 236 feet high. The Presbyterian us in Baltimore, are the free blacks-a lazy, idle church, in Arch-street, which goes on rapidly, is a and perfidious body-standing in the way of the large building, and to have a steeple 180 feet high.white laboring classes, male and female, and deThe Orphan Asylum, (the lower stories of which are preciating such laborers by their ignorance, impufire-proof), has a front of 100 feet-all the walls are dence and power of numbers. This opinion has up. One of the most extensive breweries in the been formed after much observation and considera. United States, is also building in this city. The ble experience-and the fact is, to speak generalnumerous private edifices that are erecting, are rely, if I personally knew nothing more of a black markable for capacity, neatness and convenience. man than that he was a freeman or a slave, I would This city owes much of her prosperity to the prefer the latter, if to be entrusted with a commisamount and success of her manufactures.

sion that involved his fidelity, regard for truth, or moral honesty. There are good reasons why the GEOLOGICAL. Stephen Van Rensselaer, esq. of state of those to whom hope never comes," as to blacks should be what they are-they are in the Albany, has engaged professor A. Eaton, of Troy, temporal things: their cast has determined their to take a geological and agricultural survey of the lot of degradation and estrangement from the mass great canal route from Albany to Buffalo, a distance of society-all they can expect is, that, after dragof 330 miles. The survey is to include ths breadth ging out a weary life, they may enjoy the life to of ten miles. An accurate investigation of the rocks, come, for God is "no respecter of persons." This, soils, minerals and plants, is to be made on both sides of the canal. The method of culture adopted by the best practical farmers is to be sought out, and all the varieties of soil to be analyzed.

THE GREAT DAM across the Hudson river for the supply of the northern canal, is completed. It is thirty-three feet high, and nine hundred feet long, and is well called "a stupendous monument of the ingenuity of man.”

THE GREAT CURSE OF OUR LAND. The Edinburgh "Scotsman," speaking of slavery in America, as the following just and liberal remarks:

to be sure, ought to be the most powerful inducement with us all-but we know that it is but little attended to by the people at large; and that which leads white persons to acquire knowledge, merit distinction, and gain wealth, has but a small influence over the poor negro, because he cannot enjoy such things, if obtained. I know several persons of color who are more worthy of confidence than whites of their class generally are, and who, if helped forward, as they would be unless for the color of their skins, would rise to eminence and bring up most respectable families. But they cannot advance, the negro is always a negro-in a class of his own; not for crimes by himself committed, but by the repulsive feelings of the whites.

The mo.

"Our anti jacobins have been very eloquent upon The existence of slavery amidst the boasted free-enthusiastic among us would have refused a matte VOL. XXII.

-2,