avows; and his maj. is very much offended to have his name so abused, and threatens to have them all hanged if they be discovered: and though it be Mr. Marwood's lot to suffer first, yet the loose people threaten to pillage and destroy all the Round-Heads, and name some particular persons; under which foolish name, Round-Heads, they comprehend all such as do not go their ways. These beginnings and preparations of misery are necessary to be made known to all the kingdom, that the good subjects may stand upon their guard; for though we may assure ourselves that the king will endeavour to preserve us, yet we find it is impossible to restrain the malice and rage of bloody Papists and faithless Atheists; and, in time, these mischiefs will approach other parts, though, for the present, we only lie in the mouth of danger.-Now towards the Redress of these growing evils, securing the peace of this county, and preservation of those peaceable subjects intended to be disarmed and left naked to the fury of every malicious adversary, we offer to your considerations the Propositions following, viz. That an Order be conceived in parliament, and declared, that all the kingdom may take notice of it, to this effect: That all well-affected and good subjects, that shall be plundered, pillaged, or suffer in their estates by any of the Cavaliers, or other forces raised without consent of parliament, shall have full reparation of their damages out of the estates of such persons of wealth and quality, whose fortunes, being in the South, do now reside in Yorkshire; and who with their presence and assistance, do countenance and further these distempers of the kingdom, and the mischiefs that do happen, and are like to increase. That there may be speedily sent to Hull, a sufficient proportion of powder, arms, ordnance, and other ammunition, with an order to furnish the country with them as there shall be occasion; especially such as shall be disarined upon the consultations held in the deanery at York. That Commissions be speedily sent down from the earl of Essex, lord lieut. of this county, to the gentlemen named in this inclosed Paper, or such of them as the house shall elect for the present, to raise and command the forces of this county, for suppressing of any insurrection and unlawful tumults that may happen to arise. That the sheriff be commanded, by special order of parliament, to conduct and assist as the house conceives fitting. This List of gentlemen for commanding the country forces is not intended to disappoint any of trust or command, who are already nominated and intrusted by the parliament; nor are they intended to be continued longer than until some other provisions, by an act, be concluded on by the king and parliament for settling and ordering * In the foregoing month is the first instance we meet with of the Royalists being distinguished by the name of Cavaliers; and this is the first of the Parliament's Party being called Round-Heads. the Militia. And lastly, it is the desire of the well-affected in this county to receive weekly advertisements from thence by some specially employed for that purpose, until affairs be so settled as we may safely confide in the ordinary post; for now we neither rightly understand the proceedings of the house, nor can we represent to them such matters as concern the peace of this county. All which we hope you will be pleased to represent to the house, as the unanimous considerations of a great number of the gentry of this county. And we remain your affectionate, &c. York, August 13, 1642. P. S. The Grand Jury, this Assizes, consist for the most part of such as give us cause to suspect that there is some extraor» dinary business to be presented; but of this the sheriff excuseth himself, and saith the pannel, returned by him, was viewed and corrected by the Judge a fortnight before the assize.” The lord Kimbolton further reported, That the cominons offered to their lordships consideration, a Proclamation from the king, requiring the aid and assistance of his majesty's subjects on the North side Trent, and within 20 miles Southward thereof, for the suppres sing of the rebels now marching against him: and that thereupon the commons desired, 1. "That a committee of both houses may be appointed to draw up a Declaration, and therein to set down the unjust grounds of this Procla mation. 2. To consider the desperate Propo sitions of those that do meet at the dean of York's house. 3. To consider of the Proposi tions of the gentlemen of Yorkshire. 4. That the foregoing Letter may be printed and published." The Parliament declare all such as assist the King, Traitors.] His lordship added, That the commons also desired their concurrence in an Ordinance, declaring all men Traitors that assist his majesty in this war; which was read as follows: "Whereas the king, seduced by evil counsel, doth make war against his parliament and people, intending to make himself an absolute Conqueror of these kingdoms, if not timely prevented; and, for the promoting of this war, divers forces of horse and foot have been levied, and are raised, by several persons; and his majesty's good subjects are most cru elly robbed, spoiled, and slain: to the end that no man may be misled through ignorance, the lords and commons in parliament declare, That all such persons as shall, upon any pretence whatsoever, assist his maj. in this war with horse, arms, plate, or money, are traitors to his majesty, the parliament, and the kingdom; and shall be brought to condign punishment for so high an offence."-To all these proposals of the commons the lords gave their consent, nem. con. Sir R. Gurney removed from his Office of Lord Mayor.] This day the lords were in formed, That, according to their Order, sir Nich. Raynton, senior alderman of London, ad called a common-hall, and that the citi-therein; and also further authorizing him and ns had elected alderman Pennington their new them to make stay of all such Plate, belonging rd mayor; and it was necessary and con- to any of the colleges in the university of Camstent with the antient customs of the city, bridge, as shall be, hereafter, endeavoured to at he be sworn and presented at Westmin- be carried to the king to maintain a war against er, &c. That the city having sent to sir R. the parliament. urney for the sword, cap, mace, and collar SS's, he pretended that they were locked up his house, and he could not come at them: t being asked, again, Whether he would deer them if he had them? be denied to deer the sword to any but the king from whom received it. Upon this it was, first ordered, That the thanks of the house should be given sir Nich. Raynton and the rest of the alderen, for their chearful, ready, and orderly edience to the commands of this house: that ey approved of alderman Pennington for lord yor, as his good affections were well known be for king, kingdom, and privileges of rliament: that he should have the usual ths given him by the court of aldermen; and o barons of the Exchequer should attend the xt day for the lord mayor to be presented d sworn." Lastly, it was ordered, "That the tleman usher, attending that house, should to the house of sir Rd. Gurney and demand e sword, &c. and, if he be denied, to break en any doors or locks whatsoever, and possess mself of them, and deliver them to alderman nnington, now lord mayor elect of the city | London." The next day the gentlemen er gave the lords this account, "That, acding to their Order, he had taken out of sir Gurney's study four swords, belonging to city, one cap of maintenance, one embroied crimson cap, one collar of SS's, with a at jewel and a pendant pearl, and one great ce, belonging to the city; all which partiars he had delivered to the lord mayor elect I had his receipt for them." Mr. Oliver Cromwell prevents the Univerof Cambridge from sending their Plate to King.] August 19. This day, we find a y of Instructions entered in the Lords Jour8, directed to OLIVER CROMWELL, esq; 0. Sherwood, mayor of Cambridge, for which en the former was representative in parliant; and 3 aldermen, appointed to take care the peace and safety of the said town: aurizing them to train and exercise all the ined Bands and volunteers in that town; to lead and conduct them against all ces that attempt to seize upon the place, or disturb the peace of it: and further, they re hereby authorized to fight with all such sons, and kill and slay them; and by all ans, to preserve their town from all hostile empts whatsoever, &c. Pursuant to these tructions, the commons had, soon after, inigence, That Mr. Cromwell had seized on magazine in the castle of Cambridge; and hindered the carrying off Plate, from that iversity, to the value, as some reported, of 0007. And the next day, an Ordinance made for the indemnity of Oliver Crom1, esq; and the persons concerned with him A Declaration of Parliament, occasioned by the late Letter from Yorkshire.] August 20. A Declaration of Parliament was agreed to, on the basis of the last Letter from Yorkshire, and was as follows:: "We the lords and commons in parliament assembled, have perused and seriously considered a Letter sent from many of the principal knights, gentlemen, and other inhabitants of the county of York; directed to a worthy knight of that county, being a member of the house of commons; and intended for the information of both houses of parliament, concerning his majesty's purpose of raising his Standard at Nottinghain,' the present state of the Northern parts, and the growing mischiefs and miseries like to overwhelm the whole kingdom, by the great oppressions exercised upon his majesty's subjects there; and other unlawful and dangerous counsels and proceedings of those, who, under pretence of his majesty's service, are laying the foundation of an arbitrary and tyrannical government, or rather confusion and desolation, not only in those parts, but in the whole kingdom: upon which and other informations and discoveries, we think fit to publish and declare some few Observations, whereby the good subjects of this kingdom may better discern their own danger; and be stirred up with more earnestness to assist us in the maintenance of religion and of the common justice and liberty of the kingdom, which seems to be in no less bazard than if we had an army of the Irish rebels in the bowels of the land. The first Observation is this; That now it plainly appears to the world, that there was good ground of those Fears and Jealousies, so often expressed by both houses, that his majesty intended to make war against his parliament; and that the Oaths, Protestations, and Execrations, published in his majesty's name, disclaiming any such purpose of war, were nothing but the devices of those wicked counsellors about him; that, under such disguises and pretensions of peace, they might more closely arm and prepare themselves for war, and by violence suppress the parliament; and so to make way for the accomplishment of their own designs, for the alteration of religion and the government of the kingdom.-The se cond; That this war is said to be for the defence of the Protestant religion; and yet the most diligent assistants and promoters of it are Papists, and that corrupt and superstitious part of the clegy that were running towards Popery; wherein the Papists are so frequent, that they not only send in horse and arms, but the better to qualify their persons for this present service, many heretofore constant Recusants, do now resort to church, and take the oaths of supremacy and allegiance. And with county of York, and the sheriffs of the adjoining counties, and all lieutenants, deputy-beutenants, mayors, justices of the peace, and other his majesty's officers and loving subjects, be aiding and assisting them, in defence of his majesty's subjects from all oppression and violence, with the power of the counties and Trained Bands.-That it shall be lawful for all lord-lieutenants, deputy-lieutenants, sheriffs, tions, to disarm all Popish Recusants; and all other his majesty's subjects are to be assisting unto them and that it shall be lawful for any of his majesty's subjects to seize upon the per sons of all such as shall execute the illegal Commission of Array or shall be actors and assistants in any of the aforementioned oppres sions and violences; or shall furnish any horse, arms, money, or other aid or contribution, for the maintenance of this unnatural war, raised by his majesty against his parliament; and to seize upon their horses, arms, money, and other provisions, whereby they might be enabled to disturb the peace of the kingdom." Coventry summoned by the King.] Aug. 22. The lords received intelligence, That the king lay then before Coventry, and was playing upon the town with his ordnance, on account of their denying his majesty entrance, a shutting their gates against him. The Earl of Bath's Reasons for not attending the Parliament.] Aug. 23. A Letter from the earl of Bath to the Speaker of the house of lords, was read: what affections they look upon the reformed religion, is evident in the specches of those who robbed Mr. Marwood's house, calling his wife Protestant Whore and Puritan, she being a very virtuous gentlewoman, and of good quality; only the hatred of religion was it which provoked them to such ignominious language, which by those Popish Cavaliers is prosecuted under the name of Roundhead, as it hath been by the Prelatical Clergy under the name of Puritan.-mayors, bailiffs, and head officers of corporaA third; That arms were taken from the honest gentlemen, yeonien, and townsmen; and put into the hands of such desperate persons, as cannot live but by rapine and spoil.-A fourth; That notwithstanding all the Vows and Protestations to govern by law, which have been dispersed throughout the kingdom, to blind and deceive the people, the most mischievous principles of tyranny are practised that ever were invented; that is, to disarm the middle sort of people, who are the body of the kingdom, and to maintain soldiers by forced contributions; to erect a provincial government in the North, clearly against the common law, and the judginent given in this parliament for taking away the court at York: that the contrivers and instruments of these mischiefs, for their better strengthening in these designs, are about to join themselves in an association with other counties and that directions are given, that such as shall oppose, or not join with them, shall be violently plundered and pillaged.For the Prevention of these growing evils and mischiefs, the lords and commons do declare, That all well-affected and good subjects, who shall be plundered, pillaged, and suffer in their estates, by any of the Cavaliers, or other forces raised without consent of parliament, shall have such reparation of their damages, out of the estates of those who have been actors and counsellors in such violences; and likewise out of the estates of all such persons in any part of the kingdom whatsoever, who have withdrawn themselves to York, and shall persist to serve the king in this war against the parliament, by any subscription, or contri.: bution, or otherwise have given assistance and countenance to the maintenance of it.That it shall be lawful for any number of persons to join together, and to defend themselves and others from rapine and force: and the earl of Essex (lord-general of the forces raised by the lords and commons, for the defence of our religion and liberty, and for protection of the oppressed subjects of this kingdom, and lieut. of the county York) is desired to grant such Commissions for levying, leading, and conducting of forces in the Northern parts, as shail be thought requisite by his excellency and sir John Hotham, governor of Hull, is required to give all kind of assistance, by the garrison of the town, and by furnishing them with powder, arms, and other ammunition as he can spare. And for the better enabling of them in this their necessary defence, it is resolved, That further supplies of arms shall be sent thither as speedily as may be that the sheriff of the 66 My lord; I received last night a summons from your honourable house, requiring my st tendance there on Monday next, Aug. 22, a cording to his majesty's writ. It is true I was sunimoned, at the beginning of this parliament. as of right I ought; and did not fail to give my attendance upon that service, with as much d ligence and afection to the public as my poo: ability could express; but I received many interruptions, by scorns, menaces, and affronts from the people inhabi ing about London and Westminster, contrary to the constitution and privileges of that and all other councils; where the members ought to come, sit, and return, with honour and safety and I do not see the iniunds of those people so settled and composed, that I may hope for better usage: wherefore shall humbly desire their lordships to excuse my absence, until I may have some confidence of enjoying that honour and safety, which, heretofore I have not had. And so, with my service to your lordship, I remain, &c. BAT. Tavistock, Aug. 15. 1642." Ordered, That the earl of Bath should be sent for as a Delinquent. And, upon further information that he had great store of powder in his house in Devonshire, it was ordered, That search should be made for such powder, or stores, and the same kept safe till the pleasure of the house should be further known. The King sets up his Standard at Notting ham.] This day the lords received advice, That, the city of Coventry having been €8< Melancholy men observed many ill presages about that time. There was not one regiment of foot yet brought thither; so that the Trained Bands, which the sheriff had drawn together, were all the strength the king had for his person and the guard of the Standard. There appeared no conflux of men in obedience to the Proclamation; the arms and ammunition were not yet come from York, aud a general sadness covered the whole town. The Standard was blown down the same night it had been set up, by a very strong and unruly wind, and could not be fixed again in a day or two, till the tempest was allayed. This was the melancholy state of the king's affairs when the Standard was set up."-Leaving the reader to reconcile these two accounts, we return to our more certain guides, the Journals of Parlia couraged to hold out against the king, by the pressions.-Not long after the reading of the arrival of 300 men from Birminghain, and by said Proclamation, it being towards night, the receiving advice that Mr. Hampden, Mr. Denzil Standard was taken down, and again carried Hollis, and Mr. Goodwin (who had taken out into the castle, with the like state as it was colonels commissions under the earl of Essex) brought into the field; and the next day it was were marching to their relief, his majesty's set up again, and his majesty came along with forces drew off, and departed towards Notting- it, and made proclamation as the day before; ham, in order to set up his Standard there. and the like was also done on Wednesday, his Although this affair cannot properly be termed majesty being also present; but after that it a Parliamentary Proceeding in itself, yet as it was set up with less ceremony."-Lord Clatook its rise from thence, we apprehend it no rendon's Account of this affair runs thus: "Acunacceptable digression to give some account cording to the Proclamation, upon the 25th of of the manner of the king's erecting his August, the Standard was erected, about six Standard. Mr. Rushworth tells us, "That the o'clock in the evening of a very stormy and king came from Coventry on Monday the 22d tempestuous day. The king himself, with a of August, in the morning, with some lords and small train, rode to the top of the castle-hill; others in company, to Leicester, where he Verney, the knight-marshal, who was Standarddined that day at the Abbey; and that pre- Bearer, carrying the Standard, which was then sently after dinner his majesty again took erected in that place, with little other cerehorse, and, with his company, rode to Notting-mony than the sound of drums and trumpets. ham; where were great preparations for the setting up of the Standard that day, as was formerly appointed. Not long after the king's coming to town, the Standard was taken out of the castle, and carried into the field, a little on the backside of the castle wall. The likeness of the Standard was much of the fashion of the city streamers used at the lord mayor's show, having about 20 supporters, and was can ried after the same way; on the top of it hung a flag, the king's arms quartered, with a hand pointing to the crown, which stood above with this motto, Give Cæsar his Due.' The names of those knights bannerets who were appointed to bear the Standard, viz. the chief of them, were sir Thos. Brooke, sir Arthur Hopton, sir Francis Wortley, and sir Robt. Doddington. Likewise there were 3 troops of horse to wait upon the Standard, and to bear the same back-ment. ward and forward, with about 600 foot soldiers. The E. of Southampton comes from the King, It was conducted to the field in great state, with a Message for Peace.] August 27. The the king, the prince, and prince Rupert (whom earl of Southampton, being sent from the king his maj. had lately made knight of the garter) at Nottingham, came into the house of lords, going along with it, with divers other lords and and took his place; but, being presently comgentlemen of his majesty's train, besides a great manded to withdraw, went out of the house company of horse and foot, in all to the num- again. The lords were informed, that the said ber of about 2000.-So soon as the Standard earl had a Message to deliver to the lords in was set up, and his majesty and the other lords parliament, from the king; yet, in regard of placed about it, a herald at arins made ready the manner of bis coming into the house withto publish a Proclamation, declaring the ground out giving any notice of it before, either in one and cause of his majesty's setting up his Stand-kind or other, the lords did not think fit that ard, namely, to suppress the Rebellion of the the said earl of Southampton should be perearl of Essex, in raising forces against him, to mitted to deliver the Message; but that he which he required the aid and assistance of all should send it in by the gentleman-usher of his loving subjects; but before the trumpeters this house. Whereupon the usher was sent. could sound to make proclamation, his majesty out to the earl with this Message in writing : called to view the said Proclamation, which" That the lords are not satisfied with the manbeing given him, he privately read the same ner of your lordship's coming into the house over to himself; and, seeming to dislike some at this time; they will not therefore receive passages therein, called for pen and ink; and, any Message from your lordship; but, as it with his own hand, crossed out, and altered comes from his majesty, they are ready to rethe same in some places, and then gave it the ceive it, with all humility; and wish your lordherald; who proclaimed the same to the peo- ship to send it in unto them by the hands of ple, though with some difficulty after his maj.'s their gentleman-usher." The earl's Answer: corrections: after the reading thereof, the" That he desires to let their lordships know, whole multitude threw up their hats, and cried, 'God save the King,' with other such-like exVOL. II. that he was commanded by the king to deliver this message to the house; and he doth not 5 A know how his maj. will be pleased if he should which may advance the true Protestant reli should deliver it to Mr. Maxwell." The lords gion, oppose popery and superstition, secure Reply: "That they conceived the delivery of the law of the land (upon which is built as well the king's Message to their gentleman-usher, our just prerogative, as the property and liberty by their command, is a delivery of it to the of the subject) confirm all just power and pri house." To which the earl gave this Answer: vileges of parliament, and render us and our "That he desired not to be pressed to it, for people truly happy, by a good understanding he durst not do it until he had acquainted the betwixt us and our houses of parliament.king therewith." On this last Answer the Bring with you as firm resolutions to do your lords appointed a committee of four, to draw duty: and let all our good people join with us up a Resolution of the house, touching this in our prayers to Almighty God for his blessing business, which was to be sent to the carl by upon the work.-If this Proposition shall be the said usher; which was to this effect :rejected by you, we have done our duty so "That the lords were ready to receive, with amply, that God will absolve us from the guilt humility, the Message from the king, though of any of that blood which must be spilt; and not from his lordship's hands, because they what opinion soever other men may have of were unsatisfied with his carriage; therefore our power, we assure you nothing but our they sent their gentleman-usher to bring it to Christian and pious care to prevent the effusion them; which he twice refusing, they shall ac- of blood, hath begot this motion; our provi count him answerable for any ill consequencesion of men, armis, and money being such as that may ensue thereby; and their lordships may secure us from further violence, till it have not proceeded further against him at this shall please God to open the eyes of our time, in respect he was employed by the king people." to this house, but do command him forthwith to depart this town.” The King's Message for Peace.] Upon this the earl sent in the king's Message by Mr. Maxwell, which was read in these words: When this was read, the lords received a Message from the commons, desiring a conference about the same Message to them from the king, sent by sir John Colepeper. There was not that difficulty in admitting this messenger into the house of commons, as in the case of the earl of Southampton with the lords; for the commons being informed by Mr. Speak er, that he had received a Letter from sir J. Colepeper, chancellor of the Exchequer, signi the king; which he could not deliver but as a member of that house; yet, in regard of an Order of the house, he durst not presume to come till he had their leave: a debate arose thereupon, and a motion being made, That the question for disabling him to sit as a mem her should be now put, it passed in the nega tive by 69 against 26; so he was admitted to deliver the Message. At the conference, heki on this occasion, the commons delivered two Resolutions, to which they desired the lords concurrence: 1. Resolved, "That this house cannot give Answer to this Message from his majesty, until the Proclamations and Declara tions be recalled, whereby the earl of Essex and both houses, with their adherents and sistants, and such as have obeyed and executed their commands, or directions, according to their duties, are declared traitors, or otherwise delinquents; and until the Standard, set up in pursuance of the said Proclamations, be taken down." Read, but not then agreed to. 2. "That the lords be desired to join with the commons in a direction to the lord-general, That he advance his forces with all possible speed, for the defence and safety of the kingdom; that this house doth not this out of any "We have, with unspeakable grief of heart, long beheld the distractions of this our kingdom our very soul is full of anguish until we may find some remedy to prevent the miseries which are ready to overwhelm this whole nation by a Civil War: and though all our en-fying, that he was coming with a Message from deavours, tending to the composing of those unhappy differences betwixt us and our two houses of parliament, (though pursued by us with all zeal and sincerity) have been hitherto without that success we hoped for; yet such is our constant and earnest care to preserve the public peace, that we shall not be discouraged from using any expedient, which, by the blessing of the God of Mercy, may lay a firm foundation of peace and happiness to all our good subjects.-To this end, observing that many mistakes have arisen by the Messages, Petitions, and Answers betwixt us and our two houses of parliament, which happily may be prevented by some other Way of Treaty, wherein the matters in difference may be more clearly understood, and more freely transacted; we have thought fit to propound to you, that some fit persons may be by you enabled to treat with the like number to be authorized by us, in such a manner, and with such freedom of debate, as may best tend to that happy conclusion which all good men desire, The Peace of the kingdom: wherein as we promise, in the word of a king, all safety and encouragement to such as shall be sent to us, if you shall chuse the place where we are for the Treaty, which we wholly leave to you; pre-apprehension of backwardness in the lord gesuming of your like care of the safety of those we shall employ, if you shall name another place: so we assure you and all our good subjects, that, to the best of our understanding, nothing shall be therein wanting on our parts, neral, but to give satisfaction that this Message doth not render them any way slack in their duties, for the preservation and safety of the kingdom." Read and agreed to.-The messengers from the commons being called in, the |