Total district receipts for schools, $2,933.08; for roads, $7,638.74; all purposes, $10,571.82. Grand total, county and districts, $21,376.04.

There were ninety Confederate pensioners, to whom the State paid $2,110.00.

Population in i860, whites, 4,407; free negroes, 188; slaves, 6,111; total, 10,700. In 1900, whites, 7,052; negroes, 5,519; total 12,571.

Mr. Woolfolk, the County clerk, furnishes the following figures as to the denomination of the white people's churches: Episcopal, 4; Presbyterian, 3; Methodist, 7; Baptist, 13; Disciples, 4; Roman Catholic, 1; Free, 1.

COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF TAXABLE VALUES OF ORANGE COUNTY FOR THE YEARS 1860, 1866, And 1906.

214,937 $2,279,222 00 214,158 $2,313,384 00 212,366 $1,209.567 00

474,699 00

239,984 00

$1,924,250 00

CHAPTER XXI.

Miscellaneous.

The Marquis's Road is one of the historic highways of the County, extending, originally, from old Raccoon Ford to Brock's Bridge, from the Rapidan to the North Anna.

The general impression that La Fayette constructed this road is an error. Retreating rapidly before Cornwallis, from the neighborhood of Richmond, the latter boasting that "the boy can not escape me," he crossed the Rapidan, probably at Germanna, subsequently moving up to Raccoon Ford, where he awaited reinforcements under Wayne. On Wayne's arrival, he began his march towards Albemarle old Courthouse, (Scottsville,) where, and also at the Point of Fork (Columbia, in Fluvanna County,), supplies were stored which Tarleton was menacing. The following extract from Burk's History of Virginia, 1816, Vol. IV., 507, indicates the portion of the road opened by La Fayette.

From a respectable officer of militia, at that time, the subjoined description of La Fayette's route has, been obtained;

"I joined the Marquis's army the night they left Richmond, and encamped with the army at Winston's plantation, I believe in the County of Hanover. *** The route from thence was to Culpeper

County, near the Rackoon Ford, where we halted until Wayne's brigade joined. The route from thence was in bye-roads in the direction of the Rivanna River, through Orange, and the upper end of Louisa and Fluvanna Counties. Near Boswell's Tavern the army halted one night, and the next day was marched along a new road to Mechunk Creek, which road goes by the name of 'the Marquis's road' to this day."

Citations from the order books in the chapter, "Orange in the Revolution," prove that Brock's Bridge was regarded as an important structure, and that a guard was constantly kept there long before this march occurred; which seems to be conclusive, that the Marquis did not construct the road in Orange.

This road passes La Fayette, a station on the Narrow Gauge Railroad, named in honor of the Marquis. Here he encamped for a night, his headquarters being under a large tree on one of the boughs of which he hung his sword. This tree was blown down during a storm some years since, and later converted into cross ties. The Rev. Dr. Howison of Fredericksburg, author of a history of Virginia, and also a history of the United States, purchased some of these ties and had walking sticks made out of them.

The items following, not susceptible of grouping under a general chapter, are inserted as interesting miscellanies.

At the rating of prices for ordinaries in 1742, "whiskey" is mentioned for the first time, though something denominated "rye brandy," which was probably the same thing, had been rated some years earlier.

In that year also, there was a difference of two pence

in the quart for "Virginia ale;" six pence "below the ridge," four pence "over the ridge." The probable explanation is that this commodity was manufactured in the Valley, and hence could be sold more cheaply there. Philip Long, who came from Alsace, was a notable citizen of that part of the county now called Page, and his lineal descendants are still prominent citizens of the latter county. Philip Long's name, often spelled Lung, appears frequently in the early records of Orange. His descendants say he was an accomplished brewer, and it is not unlikely that he was the first manufacturer of this Virginia ale.

The names of Augustine and of Lawrence Washington appear as parties plaintiff, during the forties. George Wythe, presumed to be the "Signer," and afterwards the famous "Chancellor," appeared as counsel for John Willis in 1747. Edmund Pendleton, also, appeared as counsel, but the name of his client is not given.

Chief Justice Marshall was counsel for Johnny Scott, and his receipt for his fee is still extant.

In 1751 Henry Downs, who had been a King's justice and a member of the House of Burgesses, is mentioned in a court order as a "Runaway." He was expelled from the House of Burgesses of Virginia for "stealing a white sheep," in Maryland, before he settled in this State.

It is stated in a note to the "Dinwiddie Papers," Vol. II., 167, that John Spotswood was County Lieutenant of Orange in 1755. This is an error, as John Baylor was then County Lieutenant, a fact which these same papers establish.