notoriou, lvinte ha avay and lying out so his rusier

sad not ra hurts

Tun to the pillor, nd rad his

that the shri tule

" to the same, and

In 1782 appears the first record of the unspeakable crime, when Cary, a negro slave of William Vawter, is hanged for rape.

In 1794, Caleb, a slave, found guilty of hog stealing; "Ordered that the sheriff take him to the pillory and nail one ear thereto, and in one hour thereafter to cut it loose from the nail, then to nail the other ear and in another hour's time to cut that loose from the nail, this being the second offense.

In 1799, a negro from Culpeper hanged for ravishing a married white woman of Orange County.

In 1801, "it appearing that George Morris has been and is still guilty of a flagrant contempt in confining the body of his wife Susannah, ordered that he be attached and kept in custody until he permit her to be entirely at liberty; Robert T. Moore and Dabney Minor dissenting.

In 1818, 1821 and 1823 negroes were hanged for rape, and in 1839 a negro "only seventeen years old" condemned to death for ravishing a white woman is unanimously recommended for executive clemency, or else to transportation, "in consideration of his youth. There's a falling away.

But probably the most unique of all the punishments was that prescribed for habitual absence from church; 50 pounds of tobacco or its equivalent in cash, and in default of payment, "ten lashes on the bare back." This was the law for some forty years, 16801720. There is no record of the lash for this offense in Orange, but many of the fine.

CHAPTER XVI.

The Orange Humane Society.

In 1749 William Monroe proved his importation into this colony from Great Britain. This was a formal proceeding before court in order to obtain what was called a "head right," that is, the right to take up 50 acres of land, a sort of bounty and inducement to immigrants.

We hear no more of him till his will is proved in 1769, and that will constitutes no inconsiderable item in the history of the County. By its terms his whole estate, after the death of his wife, was devoted to the cause of education. The estate was to be sold by his executors to the highest bidders, and the money invested; "the principal to be kept intact and the interest arising from the same to be disposed of towards schooling such poor children as my executors shall think most in want.

The land was sold accordingly, and the proceeds invested, and the interest re-invested from year to year; but the executors, fearing that the will was void for uncertainty, failed to make any application of the interest to the purposes of education. There is little doubt that the will was void, but as Monroe left no heirs in this country, certainly none that appeared to claim as such, and so the estate would legally have been