sufficient for repairing the loss or damage, and shall be punished by confinement, or such other corporal punishment as the court may direct. ART. 18.-Any officer commanding in any garrison, fort, or barracks of the United States who, for his private advantage, lays any duty or imposition upon, or is interested in, the sale of any victuals, liquors, or other necessaries of life, brought into such garrison, fort or barracks, for the use of the soldiers, shall be dismissed from the service. words against etc. ART. 19.-Any officer who uses contemptuous or Disrespectful disrespectful words against the President, the Vice- the President, President, the Congress of the United States, or the chief magistrate or legislature of any of the United States in which he is quartered, shall be dismissed from the service, or otherwise punished, as a court-martial may direct. Any soldier who so offends shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. ART. 20.-Any officer or soldier who behaves himself with disrespect toward his commanding officer shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. ART. 21.-Any officer or soldier who, on any pretense whatsoever, strikes his superior officer, or draws or lifts up any weapon, or offers any violence against him, being in the execution of his office, or disobeys any lawful command of his superior officer, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct. ART. 22.-Any officer or soldier who begins, excites, causes, or joins in any mutiny or sedition, in any troop, battery, company, party, post, detachment, or guard, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct. Disrespect tomanding off ward com cer. Striking a su- and disobedience of orders. Mutiny. sist mutiny. ART. 23.-Any officer or soldier who, being present Failing to reat any mutiny or sedition, does not use his utmost endeavor to suppress the same, or having knowledge of Quarrels and frays. provoking any intended mutiny or sedition, does not without delay, give information thereof to his commanding officer, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct. ART. 24.-All officers, of what condition soever, have power to part and quell all quarrels, frays and disorders, whether among persons belonging to his own or to another corps, regiment, troop, battery, or company, and to order officers into arrest, and noncommissioned officers and soldiers into confinement, who take part in the same, until their proper superior officer is acquainted therewith. And whosoever, being so ordered, refuses to obey such officer or non-commissioned officer, or draws a weapon upon him, shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. Reproachfu. or ART. 25.-No officer or soldier shall use any respeeches. proachful or provoking speeches or gestures to another. Any officer who so offends shall be put in arrest. Any soldier who so offends shall be confined, and required to ask pardon of the party offended, in the presence of his commanding officer. Challenge to fight duels. Allowing per sons to go out onds and pro moters. ART. 26.-No officer or soldier shall send a challenge to another officer or soldier to fight a duel, or accept a challenge so sent. Any officer who so offends shall be dismissed from the service. Any soldier who so offends shall suffer such punishment as a court-martial may direct. ART. 27.-Any officer or non-commissioned officer, and fight; sec- commanding a guard, who, knowingly and willingly, suffers any person to go forth to fight a duel, shall be punished as a challenger; and all seconds or promoters of duels, and carriers of challenges to fight duels, shall be deemed principals, and punished accordingly. It shall be the duty of any officer commanding an army, regiment, troop, battery, company, post or detachment, who knows or has reason to believe that a challenge has been given or accepted by any officer or en listed man under his command, immediately to arrest the offender and bring him to trial. other for re lenge. ART. 28.-Any officer or soldier who upbraids Upbraiding ananother officer or soldier for refusing a challenge shall fusing chalhimself be punished as a challenger; and all officers and soldiers are hereby discharged from any disgrace or opinion of disadvantage which might arise from their having refused to accept challenges, as they will only have acted in obedience to the law, and have done their duty as good soldiers, who subject themselves to discipline. of. ART. 29.-Any officer who thinks himself wronged Wrongs to offcers; redress by the commanding officer of his regiment, and, upon due application to such commander, is refused redress, may complain to the general commanding in the State. or Territory where such regiment is stationed. The general shall examine into said complaint and take proper measures for redressing the wrong complained of; and he shall, as soon as possible, transmit to the Department of War a true statement of such complaint with the proceedings had thereon. diers; redress ART. 30.-Any soldier who thinks himself wronged Wrongs to solby any officer may complain to the commanding officer of. of his regiment, who shall summon a regimental courtmartial for the doing of justice to the complainant. Either party may appeal from such regimental courtmartial to a general court-martial; but if, upon such second hearing, the appeal appears to be groundless and vexatious, the party appealing shall be punished at the discretion of said general court-martial. quarters. ART. 31.-Any officer or soldier who lies out of his Lying out of quarters, garrison, or camp, without leave from his superior officer, shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. sent without leave. ART. 32.-Any soldier who absents himself from Soldiers abhis troop, battery, company, or detachment, without leave from his commanding officer, shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. parade without Absence from ART. 33.-Any officer or soldier who fails, except leave. when prevented by sickness or other necessity, to repair, at the fixed time, to the place of parade, exercise, or other rendezvous appointed by his commanding officer, or goes from the same, without leave from his commanding officer, before he is dismissed or relieved, shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. One mile from camp without leave. Failing to retire at retreat. Hiring duty. Conniving at ART. 34.-Any soldier who is found one mile from camp, without leave in writing from his commanding officer, shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. ART. 35.-Any soldier who fails to retire to his quarters or tent at the beating of retreat, shall be punished according to the nature of his offense. ART. 36.-No soldier, belonging to any regiment, troop, battery, or company shall hire another to do his duty for him, or be excused from duty, except in cases of sickness, disability, or leave of absence. Every such soldier found guilty of hiring his duty, and the person so hired to do another's duty, shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. ART. 37.-Every non-commissioned officer who conbiring duty. nives at such hiring of duty shall be reduced. Every officer who knows and allows such practices shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. Drunk on duty. Sentinel sleep ART. 38.-Any officer who is found drunk on his guard, party, or other duty, shall be dismissed from the service. Any soldier who so offends shall suffer such punishment as a court-martial may direct. No court-martial shall sentence any soldier to be branded, marked or tattooed. ART. 39.-Any sentinel who is found sleeping upon ing on post. his post, or who leaves it before he is regularly relieved, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a courtmartial may direct. Quitting ART. 40.-Any officer or soldier who quits his guard, without leave. platoon, or division, without leave from his superior guard, etc., officer, except in a case of urgent necessity, shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. ART. 41.-Any officer who by any means whatsoever, False alarms. occasions false alarms in camp, garrison, or quarters, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a courtmartial may direct. before the ene etc. ART. 42.-Any officer or soldier who misbehaves Misbehavior himself before the enemy, runs away, or shamefully my, cowardice, abandons any fort, post, or guard, which he is commanded" to defend, or speaks words inducing others to do the like, or casts away his arms or ammunition, or quits his post or colors to plunder or pillage, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct. surrender. ART. 43.-If any commander of any garrison, for- Compelling a tress, or post is compelled, by the officers or soldiers under his command, to give up to the enemy or to abandon it, the officers or soldiers so offending shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct. watchword. ART. 44.-Any person belonging to the armies of Disclosing the United States who makes known the watchword to any person not entitled to receive it, according to the rules and discipline of war, or presumes to give a parol or watchword different from that which he received, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a courtmartial may direct. enemy. ART. 45.-Whosoever relieves the enemy with money, Relieving the victuals, or ammunition, or knowingly harbors or protects an enemy, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct. with the ene ART. 46.—Whosoever holds correspondence with, or Corresponding gives intelligence to, the enemy, either directly or in- my. directly, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as a court-martial may direct. ART. 47.-Any officer or soldier who, having re- Desertion. ceived pay, or having been duly enlisted in the service |