WORKS BY SAMUEL RAWSON GARDINER. HISTORY OF ENGLAND, from the Accession of James I. to the Outbreak of the Civil War, 1603-1642. 10 vols. crown 8vo. 6s. each. A HISTORY OF THE GREAT CIVIL WAR, 1642-1649. 4 vols. crown 8vo. 6s. each. A STUDENT'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND. From the Vol. I. (B.C. 55-A.D. 1509.) With 173 Illustrations. Crown 8vo. 4s. Edited A SCHOOL ATLAS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. by SAMUEL RAWSON GARDINER, M.A. LL.D. With 66 Coloured Maps and 22 Plans of Battles and Sieges. Fcp. 4to. 5s. **This Atlas is intended to serve as a companion to Mr. S. R. Gardiner's Student's History of England. In addition to the historical maps of the British Isles, in whole or in part, are others of Continental countries or districts which were the scenes of events connected more or less closely with English History. Indian and Colonial development also obtain due recognition. THE FIRST TWO STUARTS AND THE PURITAN REVOLUTION, 1603-1660. 4 Maps. Fcp. 8vo. 2s. 6d. THE THIRTY YEARS' WAR, 1618-1648. With a Map. Fcp. 8vo. 2s. 6d. OUTLINE OF ENGLISH HISTORY, B.C. 55-A. D. 1886. With 67 Woodcuts and 17 Maps. Fcp. 8vo. 2s. 6d. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, 1789-1795. London: LONGMANS, GREEN, & CO. By Mrs. A STUDENT'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO 1885 BY SAMUEL RAWSON GARDINER FELLOW OF ALL SOULS COLLEGE, OXFORD ETC. VOL. II. A.D. 1509-1689 THIRD EDITION LONDON LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. AND NEW YORK: 15 EAST 16th STREET 1892 All rights reserved PREFACE IN preparing the present volume for the press I have received valuable assistance from the Rev. W. HUNT, who has kindly gone through the proof-sheets, and has called my attention to several errors and omissions which had escaped my eye. The illustrations of this volume, like those in the first, have been selected by Mr. W. H. ST. JOHN HOPE, AssistantSecretary of the Society of Antiquaries. He wishes to acknow ledge much valuable assistance given to him in the choice of portraits by GEORGE SCHARF, Esq., C.B., F.S.A., who is recognised as the highest authority on the subject. I am indebted to Her Majesty the Queen for two of the portraits appearing in the following pages-viz. those of Bishop Fisher, on p. 393, and the Duke of Norfolk, on p. 410—the originals in both cases being at Windsor Castle. I have to thank the Right Hon. Earl SPENCER, for permission to engrave the portrait on p. 362; the Hon. Sir SPENCER PONSONBY-FANE, K.C.B., for that on p. 365; Viscount DILLON, F.S.A., for that on p. 376; EDWARD HUTH, Esq, for that on p. 387; Mrs. DENT, of Sudeley, for that on p. 395; the Earl of WARWICK for that on p. 403; H. Hucks GIBBS, Esq., for that on p. 419; the Earl of CARLISLE for |