Fourteen winter short courses or part-time schools have been conducted by as many different teachers. The enrollment has varied from 6 to 151 in each school. HOME ECONOMICS EDUCATION. Since June, 1918, one supervisor has given full time to the work and a second one part time to supervision and part to teacher-training work at Ohio State University. Since June, 1919, one person has devoted full time to the work of improvement of teachers in service. During 1919-20, 27 all-day schools have been in operation. Five of these have been used by the teacher-training institutions for purposes of practice teaching. In one of these the practice house, established two years ago, is providing an interesting and valuable means of teaching home making. Twenty-two of the all-day schools will be reimbursed by Federal aid. In these schools 640 pupils were enrolled and 25 teachers employed. Twenty-seven 12-months' teachers were employed, and home projects required as part of the work. Over a hundred schools in the State have applied for FederalState aid, but as funds this year have not been sufficient to more than take care of necessary increase in salaries of teachers, no new day schools have been taken on for 1920-21. It is gratifying to find that most of the schools disappointed in the matter of receiving aid are making a brave effort to bring their home economics work as far as possible up to Smith-Hughes standards. The State supervisors are anxious to help them in every way to do so, by giving them the privilege of sending their teachers to the conferences and furnishing courses, study outlines, and various printed helps put out from time to time. Evening school work has been carried on in 12 cities, with a total enrollment of 409 in 26 classes. One part-time school was established and will be continued. Teacher-training work has been carried on at three centers: Ohio State University, Columbus; Miami University, Oxford; and the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati. The total number of teachers graduated from the vocational home economics training this year was 26. At present the number of qualified graduates is not sufficient to satisfy the needs of the State. TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION. During the fiscal year 1919-20 Ohio has made considerable progress in developing and organizing trade and industrial classes. The chief industries of the State include iron and steel industries, machine and foundry establishments, automobile manufacturing, rubber manufacturing, shipbuilding, garment making, and jewelry manufactur ing. These plants are widely scattered over the entire State and employ large numbers of mechanics. To meet the needs of such a wide range of industries Ohio has developed a well-defined program of part-time trade extension, cooperative, and evening trade extension classes. During the fiscal year 1919-20 there has been organized a program consisting of 20 part-time trade extension centers, with 35 schools; 4 general continuation centers, with 6 schools; 2 all-day centers, with 5 schools; 30 evening-class centers, with approximately 250 classes. The part-time trade extension classes enrolled approximately 1,200 students; the general continuation schools, 1,000 students; the all-day schools, 150 students; and the evening classes, approximately 6,700 students. In Ohio there is no additional fund for the developing of vocational training excepting the money which matched the Federal dollar by the State and local dollar. In view of this limitation the industrial work in Ohio is held within the limits of the income from Federal, State, and local moneys. Further increase of all types of vocational training for the ensuing year is limited to the increase in Federal and State moneys over the past fiscal year's allotment. During the coming fiscal year newly organized classes will be developed in part-time instruction for railroad-shop apprentices, evening classes for those employed in coal-mining operations, evening classes in pottery industries, evening classes for further training of women in needle industrial plants, and for alteration workers inde artment stores. There has been quite an extensive development during the year in instructor-training courses. Three institutions-the University of Cincinnati, Ohio State University, and Cleveland School of Education--have directed this type of teacher training. Out of these three institutions extension centers were established in various towns and cities in their vicinity. Four such extension centers were taken care of by the University of Cincinnati, training instructors in addition to the Cincinnati center itself; three were taken care of by Ohio State University; seven centers were organized and classes conducted by te Cleveland School of Education in addition to Cleveland classes. The work followed closely the requirements of the Ohio plan for the training of shop and related-subjects teachers, to the extent of 128 hours' instruction. Such subjects as trade English, mathematics, science, drawing, practice teaching, trade analysis and theory, and administration of vocational education were given. In addition to this type of teacher training, many classes were conducted in foremanship training in connection with the large industrial plants in Cleveland and Cincinnati. An enrollment of 15449-20 -11 approximately 600 received the instruction in shop and related-subjects classes and an approximate enrollment of 500 men received the foreman-training instruction. The coming year will show quite an enlarged program in teachertraining and foreman-training work in Ohio. OKLAHOMA. Members of State board: F. W. Cantwell, college president; John Whitehurst, agriculture; R. H. Wilson, State superintendent; Stratton D. Brooks, president of university; Cora F. Smith, secretary of board. Executive officer: Cora F. Smith, secretary, Oklahoma City. State supervisor of agriculture: F. W. Bridges. State supervisor of home economics: Mabel Potter. AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. The provisions for supervising agriculture continued as they were for the previous year. The State supervisor made 56 visits to schools, held 5 conferences, and issued a monthly news letter. Thirty schools, an increase of approximately 172 per cent over last year, were approved for Federal aid and enrolled 473 pupils in Vocational work. A department of agricultural education was organized at the agricultural and mechanical college. Two full courses were offered, one in agricultural education and the other in practice teaching. Thirteen students were enrolled in this work. A three-weeks' summer session was also held and enrolled 35 pupils. The outlook for development in vocational agricultural education in Oklahoma is very hopeful, and with the present organization a consistent policy in the promotion and development of new schools may be expected. HOME ECONOMICS EDUCATION. A State supervisor of home economics education on full time has been employed by the State board of Oklahoma for the past two years. In 1919-20, 11 all-day home economies departments were approve/l, with an enrollment of 219; and 1 part-time school, with an enrollment of 10 girls. In one of the all-day home economics departments a 12months' teacher was employed. The following institutions have been designated for the training of teachers of home economics: The State Agricultural College, Stillwater: the State University, Norman; and the State College for Women, Chickasha. In the State University and State College for Women supervised teaching is conducted in the subcollegiate grades of the institution, and in the State Agricultural College at the training school and in local public schools. TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION. Evening classes were organized in Tulsa. Full-time day classes were established at Stillwater, Okmulgee, and at the Oklahoma Military Academy. The State possesses some unusual opportunities for developing industrial training courses in the gas and oil industries. Occupations involved in the production and refining of oil should be thoroughly studied with reference to their possibilities for vocational education. The possibilities in the lead and zinc fields in the Miami district are relatively undeveloped. A conference with a very brief survey of this field carried on during the year indicated that the management of these industries may be relied upon to cooperate in initiating a vocational program. OREGON. Members of State board: Ben W. Olcott, governor; Sam A. Kozer, secretary of State; J. A. Churchill, State superintendent ; Mrs. George McMath, housewife; David M. Dunns, business man; E. J. Stack, labor; F. B. Ingells, farmer; Otto R. Hartwig, labor. Executive officer: J. A. Churchill, State superintendent of public instruction, Salem. Director and supervisor of trade and industries: Newton Van Dalem. Acting director: Frank H. Shepherd. State supervisors of vocational agriculture: H. P. Barrows and E. E. Elliott. State supervisor of home economies: Bertha S. David. AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. At the beginning of the operation of the Federal vocational education act secondary agricultural education in Oregon was at a decidedly low ebb. Only a few high schools were making any pretense to maintain departments in agriculture, and in many schools where previously installed it had been abandoned through declining interest or inability to secure competent instructors. On this account the organization of the work for vocational agricultural education came at an opportune time. The provision for supervision of agriculture has continued as for the previous year. Twenty-six visits were made to schools, one conference held, and a monthly news letter issued to teachers of agriculture. Five schools were approved for Federal aid and enrolled 175 pupils in vocational work. The outlook for development along the lines of part-time and evening classes is encouraging, as the State's experience during the year has shown. Teacher-training work continued as for the previous year. The supervised practice teaching was done in the Corvallis city schools. Eighteen students were enrolled in the teacher-training courses. A summer session of six weeks was held for teachers in service. HOME ECONOMICS EDUCATION. The State supervisor was loaned from the State agricultural college for one-third of her time, the remaining two-thirds being given to teacher-training work at the State college. For the coming year it is planned that she spend all her time in the field, either in supervision or in the teacher-training follow-up work. There were two all-day vocational schools, with an enrollment of 158 students-an increase of one school and 90 students over the previous year. These were both departments in high schools. The State requirement that its all-day vocational schools be equipped with practice cottages seems to be working well in the two reimbursed schools, but has kept other schools from qualifying. There were no part-time classes in home economics, but in four general continua tion classes home economics appeared on the program. One evening. school center was reimbursed. The State agricultural college has been designated as the teachertraining institution. There were 93 students enrolled in the voca tional teacher-training class. TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION. Evening schools have been operated in 3 cities in 3 different centers with 18 short unit courses. Oregon's part-time law applies only to pupils who have not graduated from the eighth grade and permits attendance at evening schools in place of part-time day schools. Seven cities established some form of part-time classes in 8 dif ferent centers, with 1 coordinator and a total of over 200 pupils. Four cities in 5 different centers have maintained 9 different short unit trade courses in day schools. decided forward step during the year. opportunities for promoting vocational building, fishing industries, and to a reasonable extent in manufac turing establishments. Some of the largest pulp and paper mills in the West are found in the State of Oregon. Instructor-training made a The State offers exceptional education in lumbering, ship PENNSYLVANIA. Members of State board: John P. Garber, superintendent city schools, Philadelphia; Marcus Aaron, business; Robert C. Shaw, county school superintendent; E. S. Templeton, lawyer; Thomas E. Finegan, State superintendent of schools, ex-officio. |