KIL

porting Warbeck, 350; restored to the
Deputyship, 35?

Kildare, Earl of, imprisonment of, 402
Kilkenny, meeting of the Confederate
Catholics at, 541

Kilkenny, Statute of, 265
Killiecrankie, battle of, 653
Kilsyth, battle of, 549

Kimbolton, Lord, see Manchester, Earl
of

King, authority of the, origin of, 33;
effect of the enlargement of the king-
doms on, 45; increased importance of,
69; limitations imposed by Magna
Carta on, 182; proposed administrative
restrictions on, 195; effect of the revo
lution of 1399 upon, 289
King's Bench, Court of, 212
King's Friends, the, 767

Kinsale, Spanish expedition to, 478
Knights Bachelors, the, appeal to
Edward, 199

Knights of the shire first admitted to
Parliament, 196; later elections of,
200, 201; importance of their conjunc-.
tion with borough members, 245
Knighthood fines, 515: prohibited, 531
Knox, John, opinions of, 418; urges on
the Lords of the Congregation, 432:
writes The Monstrous Regimen of
Women, ib. organises the Presby-
terian Church 434; his treatment of
Mary, 438

Kymry, the, origin of the name, 37:

share in the defeat of the Scots at
Degsastan, 42; are defeated by Æthel-
frith near Chester, 43; geographical
dismemberment of, ib.; in alliance
with Penda, 46; weakness of, 49; see
Welsh

LA HOGUE, battle of, 658
Labourers, Statute of, 248, 268
Lafayette goes as a volunteer
America, 786

Laibach, congress of, 882

to

Lake, General, defeats the Irish insur-
gents at Vinegar Hill, 841; his victo-
ries in India, 859

Lambert burn as a heretic, 399
Lambert, Major-General, defeats Booth
at Winnington Bridge, 575
Lambeth, ford over the Thames at, 20
Lancaster, Duke of (John of Gaunt),
makes unsuccessful war in France,
257; heads the anti-clerical party,
260; opposes the Black Prince, 262;
reverses the proceedings of the Good
Parliament, ib.; supports Wycliffe,
263; takes the lead at the accession
of Richard II., 266; goes to Spain,
279; marries Catherine Swynford, 282
Lancaster, Earl of (Thomas), opposes
Edward II., 225; execution of, 228
Lanfranc trusted by William I., 88;
becomes Archbishop of Canterbury,

953

Layamon's Brut, 207

Le Bourdonnais takes Madras, 760
Le Mans, sieges of, 121

League, the, formed against Henry of
Navarre, 456

Legge, dismissal of, 748

Leicester, Anglian settlement at, 36:
earldom of, inherited by Simon de
Montfort, 193

Leicester, Earl of, shares the Justiciar's
office with Richard de Lucy, 140
Leicester, Robert Dudley, Earl of
favoured by Elizabeth, 435: made
Earl of Leicester, 438; commands an
army in the Netherlands, 457
Leighton punished by the Star Chamber,
514

Leith, surrender of the French garrison
of, 433

Lely, Sir Peter, portraits by, 631
Lennox, Esmè Stuart, Duke of, favourite
of James VI., 455

Lennox, Matthew Stuart, Earl of,
Regent of Scotland, 443

Lenthall, Speaker of the Long Parlia
ment, 536

Leo IX., Papacy of, 88

Leo X., Pope, character of, 375
Leofric, Earl of the Mercians, 85, 90
Leofwine, Earl of the Mercians, 84

daughter of Philip IV. of Spain, 592;
death of, 684

Leopold II., Emperor, his attitude to
wards France, 824

Leopold, Duke of Austria, imprisons
Richard I., 161

Leopold of Saxe-Coburg, chosen King
of the Belgians, 912

Leslie, David, overthrows Montrose,
549; is defeated at Dunbar, 563
Levellers, the, 561

Leven, Alexander Leslie, Earl of, as
Alexander Leslie, commands the Scots
on Dunse Law, 526; becomes Earl of
Leven, and invades England, 542
Lewes, battle of, 201

Lewis III. (the Bavarian), Emperor,
supports Edward III., 235
Lexington, skirmish at, 783

Leyden, relief of, 449; congregation of
English Separatists at, 489

Liberals, the introduction of the name
of, 909

Lichfield House Compact, the, 913
Lilla gives his life for his lord, 44
Lille, taken by Marlborough, 690;
negotiations with the French Direc-
tory at, 837

Limerick, siege and capitulation of, 655
Limoges taken by the Black Prince, 257
Linacre, promotes the study of Greek at
Oxford, 367

Lincoln (see Lindum), settlement of
the Lindiswaras round, 28; establish-
ment of the see of, 107; Stephen taken
prisoner at, 135; cathedral at, 171, 207:
stormed by Manchester, 542
Lincoln, Abraham, chosen President of
the United States. 958

Lincoln, Earl of, killed at Stoke, 347,
Lindiswaras, settlement of, 28; possible
advance of, 36

Lindsey, Robert Bertie, Earl of, fails to
relieve Rochelle, 510

Lindum, Roman city at, 20; Anglian
settlers round, 28

Lisle, Alice, execution of, 637

Litany, the English, composed by Cran-

LOU

ΙΟΟΙ

London, early importance of the position
of, 20; foundation of the bishopric of,
40; its commercial position under the
kings of Essex, ib.; acquired and
fortified by Alfred, 62, 63; attacked
by Olaf Trygvasson and Svend, 79;
after the Conquest, 127; supports
Stephen, 131, 134; submits for a time
to Matilda, 135; municipal organisa
tion of, 169; sends troops to the battle
of Lewes, 201; Wat Tyler in, 269;
Jack Cade in, 323; Edward IV. in,
328; Lady Jane Grey unpopular in,
420; provides ships instead of money
for the ship-money fleet, 523; wel

comes Charles I. on his return from
Scotland, 534, 535: declares against
Charles I., 536; sends out trained
bands to Gloucester, 539; attaches
itself to the Presbyterian party, 555;
influences the Whigs in, 622; Tory
elections in, 623; forfeiture of the
charter of, 624; growth of, 629; con-
dition of the streets of, 631; restora-
tion of the charter of, 644; support
given to Wilkes in, 776; upholds
the Lord Mayor and Aldermen in
their contest with the Commons, 779
London Bridge, building of, 272
Londonderry, siege of, 654
Long bow, the, see Archers
Longchamps, William of, appointed a
justiciar in the absence of Richard I.,
159; is banished, 161

Lord, devotion of Gesiths to their, 30; is
expected to marry, ib.; growth of his
jurisdiction, 72

Lords, House of, names the Duke of
York Protector, 324; decides on his
claim to the crown, 329; results of the
disappearance of the abbots from, 400;
a bill thrown out for removing the
bishops from, 533; bishops excluded
from, 536; refuses to join in constitut-
ing a High Court of Justice, 557: dis-
solution of, 561; imprisons Shaftes
bury, 612; discusses the abdication
of James II., 646; creation of twelve
peers to reverse the majority in, 695;
Peerage Bill introduced to give inde-
pendence to, 710

Lords of the Congregation, rise against
Mary of Guise, 432; are helped by
Elizabeth, 433

Lorraine ceded to Stanislaus Leczinski,

LOU

Louis (afterwards Louis VIII., king of
France) opposes John, 184; expelled
from England, 185.

Louis IX., Saint, king of France, sur-
renders territory to Henry III., 200;
mediates between Henry III. and the
barons, ib.

Louis X., king of France, succeeded by
his brother, 232

Louis XI., king of France, succeeds his
father, 332; buys off Edward IV., 336
Louis XII., king of France, invades

Italy, 354 Italian wars of, 363;
marriage and death of, 364

Louis XIII., king of France, negotiates
for his sister's marriage, 501; resist-
ance of Rochelle to, 504; besieges
Rochelle, 506

Louis XIV., king of France, buys Dun-
kirk from Charles II., 587; gives a
slight support to the Dutch against
England, 591; his designs on the
Spanish inheritance, 592; signs the
treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, 597; obtains
the treaty of Dover from Charles II.,
600; invades the Dutch territory, 605;
pensions Charles II., 611; is successful
in the Netherlands, 613; sends money
to Charles II. to prevent the summon.
ing of a parliament, 627; offers finan-
cial help to James II., 635; revokes
the Edict of Nantes, 638; offers to
send his fleet to help James II.,
644; accepts the peace of Ryswick,
and acknowledges William III., 667;
refuses to make war against his grand-
son, 690; death of, 70

Louis XV., king of France, sickly in
his childhood, 707

Louis XVI., king of France, improves
the French navy, 788; summons the
States-General, 821; distrusted by the
National Assembly, 822; dethrone-
ment and execution of, 825
Louis XVIII., king of France, first
restoration of, 871; second restoration

of, 875; attempts to mediate in favour
of the Neapolitans, 882

Louis Napoleon, President of the French
Republic, 936; named President for
ten years, 938; see Napoleon III.,
Emperor

Louis Philippe, king of the French,
Charles X. overthrown in favour of,
898; promotes Belgian independence,
012; dismisses Thiers, 922; visits
Queen Victoria, 927; dethronement
of, 934

Louisbourg, Loudon fails to take, 752;
taken, 753

Louisiana, possessed by France, 747:
ceded by France to Spain, 766

Lovel, Lord, insurrection of, 345: sup-
ports Simnel, and is defeated at Stoke,
346, 347

Lowestoft, battle off, 590

Loyalists, the American, conjectural
number of, 782

ΜΑΙ

Loyola, Ignatius, founds the Jesuit
Society, 437

Lucknow, siege of, 953

Lucy, Richard de, joint justiciar with
the Earl of Leicester, 140; makes head
against young Henry's rebellion, 153
Ludlow, Edmund, in Ireland, 563
Ludlow, break-up of the Yorkists at,
326

Lunéville, peace of, 840

Lunsford, Thomas, Lieutenant of the
Tower, 535

Luther, Martin, opposes the Papacy,
377 has a controversy with Henry
VIII., 379
Lutheranism, character of, 376, 377; its
influence in England, 396

Lutter, Christian IV. defeated at, 506
Luxembourg, Marshal, defeats

allies at Fleurus, 657
Lyell, his Principles of Geology, 940
Lynn supports Stephen, 134
Lyons, Richard, impeached, 262

the

MACADAM, improvement of roads by,

905

Macaulay, Thomas B.. supports the
Reform Bill, 903; his History of Eng-
land, 941

Macaulay, Zachary, pleads for the aboli-
tion of slavery, 910

Maclan of Glencoe tenders his oath to
William III. too late, 653

Mackay, Andrew, defeated at Killie-
crankie, 653: serves in Ireland, 656
Mackintosh, Sir James, advocates the
reform of the criminal law, 885
Mad Parliament, the, 198
Madras, building of, 758; taken by the
French, 700: restored to the Eng-
lish and secured by Clive, 751
Madrid, journey of Prince Charles to,

497

Magdalen College, Oxford, expulsion of
the Fellows of, 641; restoration of the
Fellows of, 644

Magna Carta, 182; partially renewed
at the accession of Henry III., 185;
attitude of Edward I. to, 288
Magnus, king of Norway, 85
Mahdi, the, destroys an Egyptian army
and captures Khartoum, 971
Mahmoud, Sultan, asks Mehemet Ali
to assist him against the Greeks, 884;
death of, 922

Mahrattas, the, rise of, 759: Hastings
defends himself against, 82, 804;
reduced to submission by Wellesley,
859; reduced to complete dependency
by the Marquis of Hastings, 948
Maiden Castle, 4

Maine conquered by William L., 91;
failures of William II. in, 121; con-
quered by Philip II., 176; surrendered
to René by Henry VI., 317; the
English driven out of, 319

1003

ΜΑΙ

Maintenance and livery, Statute against,
281; increase of, 321; measures of
Henry VII. against, 345
Maitland of Lethington, William, op-
poses the Presbyterian clergy, 434
Major-generals, the, 571

Malcolm, king of the Scots, his alliance
with Eadmund, 64

Malcolm III., Canmore, ravages Eng.
land, 103; submits to William I., 104;
death of, 119

Malcolm IV. loses North-humberland
and Cumberland, 140
Malmesbury, Earl of, sent to negotiate
peace in France, 834
Malplaquet, battle of, 690

Malta, seized by Bonaparte, 837; sur-
renders to the English, 844; England
engages to surrender, 846; England
refuses to surrender, 848

Man, Isle of, subdued by Eadwine, 43
Manchester, Edward Montague, Earl
of, impeached, as Lord Kimbolton,
535 brought back to Westminster,
536; becomes Earl of Manchester and
is placed in command of the Eastern
Association, 542; attacked by Crom-
well, 544; resigns his command, 545
'Manchester massacre,' the, 879
Manfred, king of Sicily and Naples, 195,

MAR

of St. Albans, 328; is defeated at Tow-
ton, 329; is defeated at Hedgeley
Moor and Hexham, 331; reconciled
to Warwick, 333; defeated at Tewkes-
bury, 334.

Margaret, sister of Edward IV., married
to Charles the Rash, 332: protects
Lord Lovel, 346

Margaret, the Lady, 334

Margaret, the Maid of Norway, 214
Margaret, first wife of Malcolm Canmore,

119

Margaret Theresa, daughter of Philip
IV.. marries Leopold I., and renounces
the Spanish succession, 592
Maria, the Infanta, proposal to marry
her to Prince Charles, 488; shrinks
from marrying a heretic, 497; is
courted by Charles, 498

Maria Theresa, daughter of Philip IV.,
marries Louis XIV., and renounces
the Spanish succession, 592; con.
stituted heiress of her father's heredi-
tary dominions, 732; attacked on all
sides, ib.; cedes Silesia to Frederick
II., 735

Marignano, battle of, 366
Marlborough, Statute of, 204
Marlborough, Duchess of, her influence
over Anne, 677

Marlborough, John Churchill, Duke of,
as Lord Churchill, deserts James II.,
645 becomes Earl of Marlborough,
657: disgraced by William III., 658;
betrays Talmash, 664: placed by Wil-
liam III. at the head of an army,
675; his influence over Anne, 677;
his first campaign in the Nether-
lands, 678: created a Duke, and
votes for the Occasional Conformity
Bill, 680; obtains the dismissal of
Rochester and Nottingham, and pro-
cures the entry of Harley and St.
John into the ministry, 681; defeats
Tallard at Blenheim, 682; turns to
the Whigs, 684 his victory
Ramillies, ib.; his victories at Oude-
narde and Malplaquet, 690; blamed
for prolonging the war, 691: sent to
Flanders with inadequate means, and
dismissed from his offices, 695
Marprelate Tracts, the, 470

at

Marriages of heiresses arranged by the
lord, 117

Marshal, Richard the, 188, 189

Marshal, William, the, guardian of
Henry III., 185

Marston Moor, battle of, 543
Martin, Master, his exactions, 195
Mary I., daughter of Henry VIII., as
princess, successively engaged to
Francis I. and his second son, 374;
her place in the succession acknow-
ledged by statute, 411; protected by
Charles V., 414; popularity of, 420:
is proclaimed queen, 421; her feelings
and opinions, ib.; wishes to restore
the Church lands, 422; is married to

1004

MAR

MIL

Philip II., 423; obtains the reconcilia-
tion of England to the Roman see, 424;
supports the persecution of Protes-
tants, ib.; resolves to put Cranmer to
death, 425; deserted by her husband,
426; declares war with France, 427 ;
death of, ib.

Mary II., birth of, 608; her hand offered
to William of Orange, 609; marriage
of, 613 finds fault with Danby, 646;
the crown offered to, 647; receives the
and
Scottish Crown, 652 illness
death of, 661; Greenwich Hospital
founded by, 663
Mary, daughter of Henry VII., marri-

ages of, 364; her place in the succes.
sion acknowledged in exclusion of her
sister Margaret, 411

Mary, heiress of Burgundy, 336; marries
the Archduke Maximilian, and dies,
337

Mary of Guise, Regent of Scotland, her
contests with the Protestants, 432;
death of, 433

Mary of Modena marries the Duke of
York, 608

Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, birth of,

405; taken to France and married to
the Dauphin, 413; assumes the style
of Queen of England, 433; returns to
Scotland, 434, 435; character of, 437;
marries Lord Darnley, 438; being
charged with the murder of Darnley,
marries Bothwell, 439; imprisoned in
Loch Leven Castle, 440; escapes to
England, ib.; is retained as a prisoner,
441; marriage with the Duke of Nor-
folk, proposed for, ib. Ridolfi's plot
on behalf of, 445; trial of, 457; execu
tion of, 458

Maserfield, Oswald slain at, 48
Masham, Mrs., obtains influence over
Anne, 687

Massachusetts Government Act, the, 782
Massalia, tin-trade of, 8

Massena, Marshal, invades Portugal,
867

Dean of

Massey, Roman Catholic
Christchurch, 639
Matilda, daughter of Henry I., married
to the Emperor Henry V., and to
Geoffrey of Anjou, 131; claims the
crown, 134: fails to maintain her
claim, 135

Matilda, wife of Henry I., see Eadgyth
Matthias, the Emperor, resistance of
the Bohemians to, 490
Maximilian I., Emperor, as Archduke,
marries Mary of Burgundy, 337;
marries Anne of Brittany by proxy,
348; Italian wars of, 363; death of,
369

Maximus leads an army out of Britain,

Maynooth taken by Skeffington, 402
Mazarin, Cardinal, makes an alliance
with Cromwell, 572
Meanee, battle of, 950

Meaux besieged by Henry V., 306
Medina Sidonia, Duke of, commands
the Spanish Armada, 460; is received
by Philip II. after his defeat, 462
Medway, the, the Dutch in, 593
Mehemet Ali, makes himself indepen-
dent, and sends aid to the Sultan.
884; attacks the Turks, and possesses
himself of Syria, 921; deprived of
Syria, 922

Melbourne, Viscount, is a member of

Lord Grey's Ministry, gor; becomes
Prime Minister and is dismissed by
the King, 912; becomes Prime Minister
a second time, 913; resigns and re-
sumes office, 918; final resignation of,
925

Melville, Andrew, insults James VI.,

525

Melville, Lord, impeachment of, 851
Menai Suspension Bridge, the, 905
Mendoza sent out of England by
Elizabeth, 456

Mercenaries employed on the Continent
by Henry II., 142; temporarily
brought to England, 153, 155; em-
ployed by John, 182

Merchant Adventurers, the, 356
Merchant Gild, the, 169

Mercia, first settlement of, 36: com-
parative smallness of, 41; unites with
other districts under Penda, 46;
accepts Christianity, and rejects the
supremacy of North-humberland, 48:
its relations with Ecgberht, 55: its
relations with Elfred, 60; under
Leofwine, 84; under Leofric, 85, 87;
under Elfgar and Eadwine, go

Mercians, the, distinguished from the
Middle English, 36

Merciless Parliament, the, 280
Merton College, foundation of, 207
Metropolitical Visitation, the, 520
Metternich, holds it to be the duty of
the great powers to suppress revolu-
tions, 882

Middle English, the, first settlements of,

36

Middle Saxons a branch of the East
Saxons, 35

Middlesex election, the, 775
Middlesex, Lionel Cranfield, Earl of,
improves the finances of James 1., 494 ;
impeachment of, 500

Middlesex, Saxon settlement in, 35
Milan, struggle between Charles V. and
Francis I. for, 371

Milan, the Duchy of, assigned to Charles
VI., 696

Milan Decree, the, 860

Militia, the, struggle for the command
of, 536; the Scots urge Charles I. to
abandon, 552

Millenary Petition, the, 482