"I know that the interests of the two countries must be taken together, and that a man cannot speak as a true Englishman unless he speaks as a true Irishman, nor as a true Irishman unless he speaks as a true Englishman."-MR. PITT'S SPEECH ON THE UNION.

"As an Englishman, I owe reparation to Ireland for the wrongs of centuries."-MR. WILBERFORCE.

Κοινα γαρ φιλων αχη
Κοινα δ' ει τι πείσεται

αδε γα

Φοινισσα χωρα.

EURIP. Phoeniss.

CONTENTS.

LETTER I.

Two Englands. One of these always adverse to Ireland.-

Subjects treated in this Work.-The Labour Rate Act

as it worked.-A different Mode of Relief suggested.-

Progressive Symptoms of English Discontent with Ire-

land.-Attempts to discover its Cause.-Necessity for

moderating the Expression of it.-Probable Effects in

Ireland of recent English Detraction.-Its worse Effect

in England. Its incompatibility with Justice and Truth

LETTER II.

-

-

The

The Faults of the Irish.-The continued Existence of So-

ciety in Ireland accounted for.-The Connection between

Irish Faults and past Misgovernment.-Brief Sketch of

Events in Ireland.-Variations of English Policy ac-

cording to Change of Circumstances.-Outlawry, Legal

Tyranny, Corruption.-The Irish Constitution.- The

Union. Catholic Emancipation. — Agitation.

Penal Laws still operate in Ireland.-English Intoler-

ance still finds a Mode of expressing itself.-National

Debt of England to Ireland.-Amendment the Test of

Repentance.-Imperial Legislation during Forty-seven

Years.-A Poor Law.-Neither the Responsibilities nor

the Rights of Property asserted in Time.-The Problem

of to-day the same as that at the Time of the Union

LETTER III.

Ireland's Prosperity the only safety for England.—The

Consequence to England of Irish Ruin.—The Irish

Revenue and Expenditure.- Irish Property spent by

PAGE

48

1

-

Englishmen or in England.-Irish and English Trade.-

English Charges on Irish Property. - The Rich the

losers. Invasion of England by Irish Labourers.-Eng-

lish Plagiarisms of Irish Faults. An exaggerated

Charge which might be brought against England.—

Slight Suggestions as to Principles of Legislation for

Ireland.-Good Measures only good if applied in Time.

-Remedial Measures.-Security to Life and Property.

-Colonization, Agricultural Education.- Amendment

of the Poor Law. Useful Public Works and Waste

Lands.-The Tenure of Land.-Provisions for enforcing

the Rights as well as Duties of Property.-Simplifica-

tion of the Law.-Sale of encumbered Estates.-Sana-

tory Improvements in Towns.-Schools for the Children

of the higher Orders.

-

LETTER IV.

Necessity of acting on a large Principle.-A Cure worth

its Cost.-Self-love one Cause of English Dislike to Ire-

land.-England has her Blemishes as well as Ireland.-

Mining Districts.-Manufacturing System.-False Civil-

ization.-Alienation of Classes.-India.-The Colonies.

-English Pauperism.-No Popery.—Covetousness.-

Verbal Truth compatible with Hollowness and Pretence.

-Some Characteristics of the Irish Peasant.-Position

of an Irish Proprietor.-Dangers that lie before Eng-

land. Their connection with her present Policy towards

Ireland. Both Countries now on their Trial.-Safety

only in a true Union.-Two Destinies lie before Eng-

land, each connected with her present Course.-The

Bankruptcy of a great National Company.-The possible

Greatness of a united Empire founded on Virtue and on

Trade.-Practical Hints as to Principles of Irish Policy.

-What has been effected by an approach to Union.

PAGE

117

. 185

ENGLISH MISRULE

AND

IRISH MISDEED S.

LETTER I.

Two Englands.-One of these always adverse to Ireland.-Subjects treated in this Work.-The Labour Rate Act as it worked.-A different Mode of Relief suggested.-Progressive Symptoms of English Discontent with Ireland.-Attempts to discover its Cause.-Necessity for moderating the Expression of it.-Probable Effects in Ireland of recent English Detraction.-Its worse Effect in England.-Its incompatibility with Justice and Truth.

SIR,

THE great dissatisfaction and distress occasioned of late years to England by the noise of Irish misery, and its yet more formidable infection, blown over to you frequently in the westerly winds, not so much by our fault as by reason of the contiguity of the two islands, is a matter which ought long since to have touched us with some remorse, had we not been selfishly preoccupied with our own troubles. In former times, when the political condition of Ireland was lower than it is now, though the pressure of distress was less urgent, you appear to

B