period above described, for rent alone; and the landlord is entitled to a writ of attachment, upon filing an affidavit that the action is commenced to recover rent accrued within one year previous thereto upon the premises described in the affidavit.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

Whenever any of the following articles shall be contracted for, or sold or delivered, and no special contract or agreement shall be made to the contrary, the weight per bushel shall be as follows, to wit:

Penalty for giving less than the above standard is treble damages and costs and five dollars addition thereto as a fine.

NOTES.

Form of note is legal, worded in the simplest way, so that the amount and time of payment are mentioned:

$100. CHICAGO, Ill., Sept. 15, 1876. Sixty days from date I promise to pay to E. F. Brown or order, one hundred dollars, for value received. L. D. LOWRY. A note to be payable in anything else than money needs only the facts substituted for money in the above form.

ORDERS.

Orders should be worded simply, thus.

Mr. F. H. COATS:

CHICAGO, Sept. 15, 1876.

Please pay to H. Birdsall twenty-five dollars, and charge to

RECEIPTS.

Receipts should always state when received and what for, thus: $100. CHICAGO, Sept. 15, 1876. Received of J. W. Davis, one hundred dollars, for services rendered in grading his lot in Fort Madison, on account.

If receipt is in full, it should be so stated.

$

DEFINITION OF COMMERCIAL TERMS.

THOMAS BRADY.

means dollars, being a contraction of U. S., which was formerly placed before any denomination of money, and meant, as it means now, United States Currency.

£ means pounds, English money.

@stands for at or to; b for pounds, and bbl. for barrels; for per or by the. Thus, Butter sells at 20@30cb, and Flour at $8@$12 % for per cent, and for number.

bbl.

May 1. Wheat sells at $1.20 @$1.25, "seller June." Seller June means that the person who sells the wheat has the privilege of delivering it at any time during the month of June.

Selling short, is contracting to deliver a certain amount of grain or stock, at a fixed price, within a certain length of time, when the seller has not the stock on hand. It is for the interest of the person selling "short" to depress the market as much as possible, in order that he may buy and fill his contract at a profit. Hence the "shorts" are termed "bears."

Buying long, is to contract to purchase a certain amount of grain or shares of stock at a fixed price, deliverable within a stipulated time, expecting to make a profit by the rise in prices. The "longs" are termed "bulls," as it is for their interest to "operate so as to "toss" the prices upward as much as possible.

CONFESSION OF JUDGMENT.

at

after date

-, Iowa,

promises to pay to the order of

dollars,

for value received, with interest at ten per cent per annum after until paid. Interest payable, and on interest not paid when due, interest at same rate and conditions.

A failure to pay said interest, or any part thereof, within 20 days after due, shall cause the whole note to become due and collectible at once.

If this note is sued, or judgment is confessed hereon, $

No.

P. O.

shall be allowed as attorney fees.

sum of
interest thereon at ten per cent from
ment against

County, Iowa,

as defendant in favor of said

of

in the

County, Iowa, do hereby confess that justly indebted to dollars, and the further sum of $ as attorney fees, with hereby confess judg for said sum of and $ as attorney fees, hereby authorizing the Clerk of the Court of said county to enter up judgment for said sum against with costs, and interest at 10 per cent from the interest to be paid-. Said debt and judgment being for

It is especially agreed, however, That if this judgment is paid within twenty days after due, no attorney fees need be paid. And hereby sell, convey and release all right of homestead we now occupy in favor of said so far as this judgment is concerned, and agree that it shall be liable on execution for this judgment.

Dated

18-.

THE STATE OF IOWA,}

County.

-being duly sworn according to law, depose and say that the foregoing statement and Confession of Judgment was read over to and

that understood the contents thereof, and that the statements contained therein are true, and that the sums therein mentioned are justly to become due said

as aforesaid.

Sworn to and subscribed before me and in my presence by the said this day of Notary Public.

18-.

ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT.

An agreement is where one party promises to another to do a certain thing in a certain time for a stipulated sum. Good business men always reduce an agreement to writing, which nearly always saves misunderstandings and trouble. No particular form is necessary, but the facts must be clearly and explicitly stated, and there must, to make it valid, be a reasonable consideration.

General Form of Agreement.-This agreement, made the second day of June, 1878, between John Jones, of Keokuk, county of Lee, State of Iowa, of the first part, and Thomas Whiteside, of the same place, of the second part

Witnesseth: That the said John Jones, in consideration of the agreement of the party of the second part, hereinafter contained, contracts and agrees to and with the said Thomas Whiteside, that he will deliver in good and marketable condition, at the village of Melrose, Iowa, during the month of November, of this year, one hundred tons of prairie hay, in the following lots, and at the following specified times; namely, twenty-five tons by the seventh of November, twenty-five tons additional by the fourteenth of the month, twenty-five tons more by the twenty-first, and the entire one hundred tons to be all delivered by the thirtieth of November.

And the said Thomas Whiteside, in consideration of the prompt fulfillment of this contract, on the part of the party of the first part, contracts to and agrees with the said John Jones, to pay for said hay five dollars per ton, for each ton as soon as delivered.

In case of failure of agreement by either of the parties hereto, it is hereby stipulated and agreed that the party so failing shall pay to the other, one hundred dollars, as fixed and settled damages.

In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands the day and year first above written. JOHN JONES, THOMAS WHITESIDE.

Agreement with Clerk for Services.-This agreement, made the first day of May, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight, between Reuben Stone, of Dubuque, county of Dubuque, State of Iowa, party of the first

part, and George Barclay, of McGregor, county of Clayton, State of Iowa, party of the second part

Witnesseth: That the said George Barclay agrees faithfully and diligently to work as clerk and salesman for the said Reuben Stone, for and during the space of one year from the date hereof, should both live such length of time, without absenting himself from his occupation; during which time he, the said Barclay, in the store of said Stone, of Dubuque, will carefully and honestly attend, doing and performing all duties as clerk and salesman aforesaid, in accordance and in all respects as directed and desired by the

said Stone.

In consideration of which services, so to be rendered by the said Barclay, the said Stone agrees to pay to said Barclay the annual sum of one thousand dollars, payable in twelve equal monthly payments, each upon the last day of each month; provided that all dues for days of absence from business by said Barclay, shall be deducted from the sum otherwise by the agreement due and payable by the said Stone to the said Barclay Witness our hands.

BILLS OF SALE.

REUBEN STONE.
GEORGE BARCLAY.

A bill of sale is a written agreement to another party, for a consideration to convey his right and interest in the personal property. The purchaser must take actual possession of the property, or the bill of sale must be acknowledged and recorded.

Common Form of Bill of Sale.-Know all men by this instrument, that I, Louis Clay, of Burlington, Iowa, of the first part, for and in consideration of five hundred and ten dollars, to me paid by John Floyd, of the same place, of the second part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, have sold, and by this instrument do convey unto the said Floyd, party of the second part, his executors, administrators and assigns, my undivided half of ten acres of corn, now growing on the farm of Thomas Tyrell, in the town above mentioned; one pair of horses, sixteen sheep, and five cows, belonging to me and in my possession at the farm aforesaid; to have and to hold the same unto the party of the second part, his executors and assigns forever. And I do, for myself and legal representatives, agree with the said party of the second part, and his legal representatatives, to warrant and defend the sale of the aforementioned property and chattels unto the said party of the second part, and his legal representatives, against all and any person whomsoever.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto affixed my hand, this tenth day of October, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.

LOUIS CLAY.

NOTICE TO QUIT.

To John Wontpay: You are hereby notified to quit the possession of the premises you now occupy, to-wit:

[Insert Description.]

on or before thirty days from the date of this notice.

Dated January 1, 1878.

[Reversed for Notice to Landlord.]

Landlord.

GENERAL FORM OF WILL FOR REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTY.

I, Charles Mansfield, of the town of Bellevue, county of Jackson, State of Iowa, being aware of the uncertainty of life, and in failing health, but of sound mind and memory, do make and declare this to be my last will and testament, in manner following, to-wit:

First. I give, devise and bequeath unto to my eldest son, Sydney H. Mansfield, the sum of Two Thousand Dollars, of bank stock, now in the Third National Bank, of Cincinnati, Ohio, and the farm owned by myself, in the township of Iowa, consisting of one hundred and sixty acres, with all the houses, tenements and improvements thereunto belonging; to have and to hold unto my said son, his heirs and assigns forever.

Second. I give, devise and bequeath to each of my two daughters, Anna Louise Mansfield and Ida Clara Mansfield, each Two Thousand Dollars, in bank stock, in the Third National Bank of Cincinnati, Ohio; and also each one quarter section of land, owned by myself, situated in the township of Fairfield, and recorded in my name in the recorder's office in the county where such land is located. The north one hundred and sixty acres of said half section is devised to my eldest daughter, Anna Louise.

Third. I give, devise and bequeath to my son, Frank Alfred Mansfield, five shares of railroad stock in the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, and my one hundred and sixty acres of land, and saw-mill thereon, situated in Manistee, Michigan, with all the improvements and appurtenances thereunto belonging, which said real estate is recorded in my name, in the county where situated.

Fourth. I give to my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, all my household furniture, goods, chattels and personal property, about my home, not hitherto disposed of, including Eight Thousand Dollars of bank stock in the Third National Bank of Cincinnati, Ohio, fifteen shares in the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, and the free and unrestricted use, possession and benefit of the home farm so long as she may live, in lieu of dower, to which she is entitled by law-said farm being my present place of residence. Fifth. I bequeath to my invalid father, Elijah H. Mansfield, the income from rents of my store building at 145 Jackson street, Chicago, Illinois, during the term of his natural life. Said building and land therewith to revert to my said sons and daughters in equal proportion, upon the demise of my said father.

Sixth. It is also my will and desire that, at the death of my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, or at any time when she may arrange to relinquish her life interest in the above mentioned homestead, the same may revert to my above named children, or to the lawful heirs of each.

And lastly. I nominate and appoint as the executors of this, my last will and testament, my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, and my eldest son, Sidney H. Mansfield.

I further direct that my debts and necessary funeral expenses shall be paid from moneys now on deposit in the Savings Bank of Bellevue, the residue of such moneys to revert to my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, for her use forever.

In witness whereof, I, Charles Mansfield, to this my last will and testament, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this fourth day of April, eighteen hundred and seventy-two. CHARLES MANSFIELD.