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him, giving the cost thereof, each account to contain the receipt of the employee for the subsistence furnished and be accompanied by a copy of the order directing the travel. The transport quartermaster will indorse on the original travel orders of each employee the amount paid by him on account of subsistence of such employee while traveling on his transport.-G. O. No. 194, A. G. O., 1899. 329. The clerks of the transport commissary and quartermaster are subsisted in the "Ship's Officers' Mess."-Regs. A. T. S., 131.

330. Whenever a vessel of the Army transport service is undergoing repairs at a home port and it becomes necessary to close the steward's department thereon, no board wages will be furnished the members of the crew by the Subsistence Department. In all such cases the Quartermaster's Department is authorized to retain in service, pending repairs, only such members of the crew as the public interests and responsibilities of that department may require, and to temporarily increase the monthly compensation of those retained in such service to cover their expenses for subsistence, which increase in pay for this purpose must not exceed $1 per day for those entitled to meals in “saloon mess,” 75 cents to those entitled to meals in "ship's officers' mess," and 50 cents per day for all others. When the transport is again put in commission, and the steward's department resumes operation, the increase in pay provided for in this paragraph for the members of the crew retained by the Quartermaster's Department, pending repairs, will be discontinued and the Subsistence Department will thereafter provide the subsistence.-G. O. No. 100, A. G. O., 1901. Vide Regs. A. T. S., 138; 100005, O. C. G.

331. When a vessel of the Army transport service is in port undergoing repairs, and cooking facilities are not available, board wages for members of the steward's department will be paid by the Subsistence Department at the rate of 75 cents per day to those who receive a salary of $60 or more per month, and of 50 cents per day for those who receive less than that amount, in lieu of subsistence (meals), for such length of time as the subsistence superintendent of the Army transport service may consider necessary.-100005, O. C. G.

NOTE. The payment of board wages to the crew, as distinguished from the steward's department, is made by the Quartermaster's Department. Vide G. O. No. 100, A. G. O., 1901. For the proper preparation of vouchers on which board wages are paid to civil employees on transports, vide "Vouchers.'

332. At the end of each complete voyage the transport commissary will submit to the subsistence superintendent (Form 21) a complete list of the civil employees in the Subsistence Department aboard ship.-Regs. A. T. S., 141. NOTE. For rations for crews of tugs, launches, and lighters, vide A. T. S., 136, 137, 146.

333. When the rate of pay of a civilian employed with the Army does not exceed $60 per month, and the circumstances of his service make it necessary, and the terms of his engagement provide for it, there may be issued to him, in kind, one garrison or field ration per day, according to the exigencies of the case. Such issues will be made on ration returns signed by the officer in charge of the employees, when ordered by the commanding officer.-A. R., 1378, 1398.

NOTE. For information regarding authority of civil employees to purchase subsistence stores from the Subsistence Department, vide "Sales."

334. Subsistence officers will not request higher authority to discharge any enlisted man from the service to enable him to be employed in a civil capacity, or make recommendation for such discharge, except upon the written application of the man stating the purpose of his discharge, approved by his commanding officer.-Cir. Letter, O. C. G., June 16, 1900.

335. A record should be kept in each office showing the name and address of the nearest relative of each civilian employee of the Subsistence Department.Cir. Letter, O. C. G., July 9, 1901.

336. When the armies of the United States are serving in the field civil employees are subject to orders, according to the rules and discipline of war.A. W., 63.

337. When necessary for the protection of life, or property, civil employees of the War Department may be armed. Arms lost, destroyed or embezzled by them will be charged in the same manner as stores similarly lost by enlisted men.-A. R., 1710, 1712.

COMMUTATION OF RATIONS.

338. Commutation being regulated by statutes and regulations, can not be allowed by inferior authority. The principle which governs the commutation of rations in lieu of subsistence is that commutation will not be allowed when subsistence in kind is provided by the Government.-Jaekle vs. U. S., 28 Ct. Cls., 133. Vide Mil. Laws U. S., p. 304, note 1.

339. Commutation of rations forms no part of a soldier's pay.-L. B., 115, p. 523.

340. Commutation of rations may be allowed at the following rates, under the conditions mentioned, viz:

Conditions.

1. To a soldier at the conclusion of his furlough, provided that on or before the last day thereof he has reported at his proper station or has been discharged. Male and female nurses are entitled to the same commutation when on leave or furlough.

2. To sergeants of the post noncommissioned staff (and soldiers acting as such) on duty at forts and stations where there are no other troops

3. To a soldier on detached duty, stationed in a city or town where subsistence is not furnished by the Government -

4. To a soldier traveling under orders from a place or station at which his rations have been
regularly commuted

5. To enlisted men traveling under orders (when the journey can not be performed in twenty-
four hours and it is impracticable to carry rations of any kind), as follows:
To an enlisted man traveling alone.

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To two enlisted men traveling as a detachment or traveling as a guard to an insane patient
or military prisoner, each

1.50

To an insane patient or military prisoner traveling under guard of one or two enlisted
men, to be paid, on the order of the commanding officer, in advance to, and to be
receipted for by, the person to whose charge the patient or military prisoner is committed
by the order__.

To enlisted men selected to contest for places or prizes in department or army rifle com-
petitions, while traveling to and from places of contest_.

1.50

-A. R., 1410.

1.50

341. Commutation of rations to Philippine Scouts, under clauses 1, 3, 4, and 5 of paragraph 1410 of the Regulations, will be at the following rates per day: Under clause 1, 25 cents; under clause 3, 50 cents; under clause 4, 75 cents; under each of the subheads of clause 5, 75 cents. No commutation will be allowed under clause 2.-G. O. No. 24, A. G. O., 1902.

342. A member of the Hospital Corps detailed as dentist's assistant, and stationed in a city or town, will be allowed commutation of rations at the rate prescribed by Army Regulations (75 cents per day).—A. R., 1581. Vide A. R., 1410.

343. Authority to establish the rates of the allowance for commutation of rations has not been given by statute, but these rates have been left to be fixed by Army Regulations. But these amounts are recognized and sanctioned in the provisions of the Army appropriation acts relating to the Subsistence Department.-Dig. Opin. J. A. G., par. 1957.

344. In computations for commutation of subsistence payment will be made for the actual number of days.—A. R., 733.

345. An enlisted man sent from a post under proper orders to surrounding towns for the purpose of distributing recruiting circulars, posters, and handbills,

and canvassing for recruits will, while so engaged, be deemed to be traveling under orders during the entire period of his absence, and will be allowed commutation of rations at the rate of $1.50 per day for each day of absence from the post.-G. O. No. 41, A. G. O., 1901.

NOTE. The preceding paragraph does not apply to enlisted men sent from a city recruiting station (A. R., 1413) to canvass for recruits, but is intended to cover the case of all enlisted men sent from a post to surrounding towns to canvass for recruits.-A. G. O., 299240-A 49.

346. Enlisted men absent under orders from their stations upon recruiting duty for not exceeding three days will be deemed to be traveling under orders during the entire period, notwithstanding that some portion of the period may be occupied by detentions in the various towns which they visit in the performance of their duty, and their commutation of rations will be at the rate of $1.50 per day.-A. R., 1413.

347. Under section 1288, Revised Statutes, which provides that any soldier who is captured by the enemy shall be entitled to receive, during his captivity, "the same pay, subsistence, and allowance to which he may be entitled while in the actual service," a soldier so captured is entitled to commutation of rations during his captivity at the rate provided in G. O. No. 37, A. G. O., 1865, viz, 25 cents per day, from the appropriation "Subsistence of the Army."-6 Comp. Decisions, 846.

348. Hospital matrons in post or regimental hospitals and female nurses in general hospitals shall receive one ration in kind or commutation therefor.Rev. Stats., 1277. Vide Act Feb. 2, 1901 (31 Stat. L., 753), and Mil. Laws U. S., p. 357, note 1.

349. The Nurse Corps (female) is an integral part of the Army of the United States and when its members are on leave of absence with pay they will receive commutation of rations at 25 cents per day; when stationed on duty at places where rations can not be furnished, 75 cents per day; and when traveling under orders $1.50 per day.-G. O. No. 49, A. G. O., 1902. Vide G. O. No. 9, A. G. O., 1901; Annual Army Appropriation Acts; Decisions Comp. Treas., Nov. 20, 1901. (102463, O. C. G.)

350. Commutation of rations to members of the Nurse Corps (female) while on leave of absence is only authorized for one month in each calendar year. Should they be granted leave in excess of that month, they would forfeit not only their pay but their allowance during such period of additional leave.— 99304, O. C. G. Vide G. O. No. 49, A. G. O., 1902; Cir. No. 12, A. G. O., 1901. 351. Enlisted men on the active list, while under treatment or on duty in the Army and Navy General Hospital at Hot Springs, Ark., shall have the usual allowance of rations commuted at the rate of not to exceed 40 cents a day for enlisted men of the Army, to be paid to the senior medical officer by the proper officer of the War Department upon the receipt of monthly statements of amounts duly certified by the Surgeon General of the Army.-A. R., 1625.

352. Enlisted men selected to contest for places or prizes in department and army rifle competitions will not be allowed commutation of rations for the time they are at the places of contest, the appropriations for Subsistence of the Army limiting payments in these cases to the time "while traveling to and from places of contest," and orders in such cases will specifically state that the men are ordered to or from rifle competition; nor will it be allowed to enlisted men competing for places on department rifle teams when the competition is held at the posts where they are stationed, and such men will not be reported as "on detached service;" nor will it be allowed to enlisted men doing duty as scorers, markers, camp guards, etc., at the target range.-3347, A. G. O., 1886; act of

March 2, 1901; 1307 Misc., 1886; 3041, A. G. O., 1884; 1453 Misc., 1884; Cir. No. 10, A. G. O., 1883.

353. Vouchers for commutation of rations to soldiers on detached service will ordinarily be paid by chief commissaries, or they will designate the nearest purchasing commissary to whom the vouchers should be sent for payment. Chief commissaries will make payments of commutation due under the appropriation of a fiscal year last past, when available funds are not on hand at posts.-Regs. Subs. Dept.

354. An enlisted man who is retired and ordered to proceed to his home is entitled to commutation of subsistence during the necessary travel.-A. R., 146, as amended by G. O. 140, A. G. O., 1901.

355. An extension of a furlough or a permission to delay when granted by competent authority is equivalent to a furlough, and payment of commutation of rations may be made on the order extending the furlough or granting the delay, subject to the conditions and restrictions governing like payments on formal furloughs.-A. R., 117; 3113, 5466, O. C. G.; 1859 A, 1878.

356. Commutation of rations may be paid on a furlough extended by competent authority, irrespective of when the extension was granted.-55209, O.C.G. 357. The right of an enlisted man to commutation of rations while on furlough is not involved in the question whether an officer was or was not acting within the scope of his authority when he granted the furlough. After a soldier complies with the requirements specified in a furlough which is officially given to him, he should not be made to suffer pecuniary loss of commutation because the officer granting the furlough exceeded his authority.-38243, 49498, O. C. G. 358. When an enlisted man is on furlough and is discharged before the expiration of his furlough, he is entitled to commutation of rations for the day of discharge.-Regs. Subs. Dept.

359. An enlisted man on furlough who is taken sick before its expiration and enters a private hospital, and is not discharged therefrom for some time after the expiration of his furlough, is entitled to commutation of rations from the date of his furlough to the time of rejoining his proper station on evidence of the cause of such detention which is satisfactory to his company and his post commander.-803 Misc., 1886.

360. Orders detailing guards in charge of military prisoners sent to the United States Penitentiary at Fort Leavenworth, Kans., will provide for commutation of rations for the return journey of the guard, when such commutation is necessary.-A. R., 1012.

361. When commutation of rations on furlough or travel order is payable from the appropriations of two fiscal years, the officer who first makes part payment from funds available for either portion of the time involved will take a copy of the furlough or order for file as a subvoucher to his receipt roll, indorse on the original and copy the date, amount, and mode of payment, and certify on the copy that the fact of payment has been indorsed on the original. The officer who makes final payment will take up the original, indorse on it the fact of payment, and file it with his receipt roll (Form 12) as a subvoucher.-Regs. Subs. Dept.

NOTES.-Vide "Furloughs" for the action (in relation to notation of commutation of rations on furlough granted under A. R., 122), required of commanding officers at posts in the United States at which enlisted men-visiting the United States on furlough from Cuba, Porto Rico, Hawaii, Guam, Philippine Islands, and Alaska-report preparatory to a return to their proper stations.

For commutation of fresh vegetables, vide A. R., 1384; "Ration;" Circular No. 25, A. G. O., 1901; Circucular No. 8, 0. C. G., 1901, and Form 18.

362. Recruits forwarded from recruiting stations, recruit rendezvous, or other military posts will be furnished the following allowances for subsistence while traveling, viz:

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—A. R., 1411. Vide G. O. No. 133, A. G. O., 1901; A. R., 1413 and sec. 4, contained in G. O. No. 130, A. G. O., 1901.

363. Enlisted men, including recruits, ordered upon journeys which can be performed within twenty-four hours from the hour of starting must be subsisted during the journey upon lunches drawn for the purpose from the company kitchen or the contractor for meals, or upon travel rations drawn from the commissary.-A. R., 1412. Vide G. O. No. 133, A. G. O., 1901; A. R., 14134 and Sec. IV, contained in G. O. 130, A. G. O., 1901, Form 28, Subs. Dept.

364. An enlisted man not a recruit ordered, under subhead 5, paragraph 1410, of Army Regulations, upon a journey of more than twenty-four hours' duration will be allowed commutation of rations at the rate of $1.50 (or such less sum as the officer ordering the journey may consider sufficient) for each full period of twenty-four hours of travel, beginning with the hour of starting, and proportionally for any fractional part of a twenty-four-hour period at the end of the journey in which regular meal times are included, each meal in such fractional part being allowed for at one-third the rate for the full twenty-four-hour period. The commutation of rations allowed recruits after the termination of the first twenty-four hours' travel will be computed in a similar manner for full twentyfour-hour periods and fractional parts thereof. The provisions of this paragragh do not apply to travel on army transports.-A. R., 1414. Vide A. R., 1411, 1417, 14131 and Sec. IV, as contained in G. O. No. 130, A. G. O., 1901; G. O. No. 133, A. G. O., 1901.

365. Recruiting officers not stationed at garrisoned posts will obtain subsistence funds for advancing commutation of rations by writing to the chief commissaries of departments in which they are respectively recruiting.-G. O. No. 133, A. G. O., 1901.

366. Recruiting officers will pay in person to each recruit the commutation of rations or coffee money to which he may be entitled, or will cause it to be conveyed to him only by the hand of a commissioned officer.-G. O. No. 133, A. G. O., 1901.

367. All proper subsistence expenses incurred at a garrisoned post in connection with the enlistment or forwarding of recruits to destination will be paid by the post commissary.-G. O. No. 133, A. G. O., 1901.

368. When railroads equipped with eating houses, or when public eating houses established along railroads not so equipped, have agreed to furnish meals to enlisted men traveling unaccompanied by a commissioned officer, on meal tickets issued for the purpose, the commanding officer ordering transportation

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