The Eighth Book, in Gauden's Edition. XXXV PREFACE. second, p. 71, 72, to the King's claim of a share in church EDITOR'S jurisdiction; the third, p. 73-76, to his prerogative in church legislation; the fourth, p. 77-86, to the appointment of Bishops by the King; the fifth, p. 86-92, to the same subject as the second, jurisdiction; the sixth, p. 92-94, is the opening of a treatise on the King's exemption from church censure. With these were printed short marginal notes, and what Dr. Bernard calls "confirmations and enlargements," under the archbishop's own hand. In one or two of these entries, he says in the margin," This is," or "This " is not, in the common books or copies of Mr. Hooker's MS.:" meaning by the "common" books or copies, not those in print, 1651, (as is evident from his affirming in one instance the "common books" to have a passage which the printed copies then had not,) but his meaning was to refer to the ordinary Manuscripts of b. viii: and the passage is mentioned here simply for the purpose of remarking, that copies must have been rather frequent at that time, in order to justify such an expression. Gauden next year confirmed the publication of Bernard by adding the passage which begins, "As therefore the person of "the King," &c. (p. 438,) and ends in p. 444, at the words "the truth therein :" and also that on the Power of Legislation, which begins in Clavi Trabales at " The cause (case) is "not like ;" and ends, p. 76, abruptly in the middle of a sentence, at the words "hath simply." Gauden's edition, adopting this paragraph, completes it: and thereby shews that itself was not in these portions borrowed from the Clavi Trabales, but had other copies to rely on; which also is evident from the omission of much important matter found in the pamphlet. The comparison strengthens the idea of Gauden's good faith, while it lessens that of his industry and skill in such work. He subjoined also another fragment, on the limits of obedience to sovereigns; which the present edition transfers to an appendix, for reasons to be assigned in their place. All succeeding editors have followed him. The text now given will be found, in very many material points, widely at variance with either of these: many portions added, some few omitted, and the parts which remain transposed in such a manner, as to form on the whole an entirely new ar EDITOR'S rangement. It is the Editor's duty now to account for these PREFACE. changes. And as in so doing he will have to mention the names of more than one friend, to whose assistance he is deeply indebted, and of more than one public body, who have liberally granted him the most unreserved use of their stores of information; he is desirous here of expressing, once for all, his gratitude for such kind permission and invaluable assistance. The MSS. of the eighth book, which have been collated for this edition, are four in number: and the Editor is not aware of any others now existing. The first (Q), in the library of Queen's College, Oxford (R. 29. i.), was the property of Dr. Thomas Barlow, Provost of that College, and Bishop of Lincoln from 1675 to 1691: in whose handwriting appear a few corrections and insertions, chiefly in the way of collation with the printed text. He was an intimate friend of Bishop Sanderson; so that possibly this may be the very MS. mentioned as having been seen by Sanderson, in the Appendix to Hooker's Life by Walton, p. 97. It coincides indeed, except in minutis, with the received text; and this at first sight may appear not to have been the case with the MS. of which Walton is there speaking; or rather Fabian Philips as quoted by Walton. But Sanderson's expression is on the whole not inapplicable to the received text; although Walton seems to have judged otherwise. It is simply this: that "he had seen a copy, in which no mention" (i. e. of course, no approving mention) "was made of the supreme governor's "being accountable to the people." Is any such doctrine taught in the received text? It speaks indeed positively of the people's implied consent being in theory the origin of government, but it expressly denies in one place 35 the practical accountability which some would infer from this; nor is that denial withdrawn or qualified in any other part of the book. All things considered, it seems a fair conjecture, that Mr. Philips may have mistaken what he heard Bishop Sanderson say, which as reported by him comes to very little: and that the Bishop may rather have remarked on the positive inconsistency of Hooker's doctrine with the conclusion on behalf of which it was alleged. If he did, his remark would be amply borne out by the place referred to, which occurs in Barlow's MS. as well 35 E. P. viii. 2. 10. PREFACE. as in the rest; and therefore Barlow's MS. may be that which EDITOR'S Sanderson professed to have seen though it certainly never could have had much pretension to the honour of being an autograph. The second copy (L) is in the library of the Archbishop of Canterbury, at Lambeth, (MS. 711. No. 2.) and was, by permission of his Grace, most carefully collated for this edition by the Rev. C. A. Ogilvie, of Balliol College, Oxford, his Grace's chaplain. Nothing is known of the history of this copy. Of its date thus much is ascertained, that it must have been later than 1624. Like the Queen's MS. it differs from the old printed text only in minute verbal points. The third MS. (C) is in the library of Caius College, Cambridge: and for the collation of it the Editor is indebted to the Rev. Thomas Thorp, fellow and tutor of Trinity College; a favour of which those only can judge who know how irksome the task of collating is, and to what a load of pressing avocations it was in this instance voluntarily superadded. This Caius MS. appears to be in some respects a less careful transcript than either of the two before mentioned; and there are a few variations in critical passages, which a fanciful person might imagine to have been made intentionally: but on the whole it belongs to the same class as the others. All three are in fact different copies of the received text. But the same repository to which every part almost of the present edition is so largely indebted, the library of Trinity College, Dublin, has supplied a fourth MS. of this eighth book, far more nearly approaching to completeness than the printed copies as they stand at present, or as they might be amended from the other three MSS. It is designated in the Dublin Catalogue, MS. C. 3. 11, and in the notes to this edition by the letter (D). The important service of collating it has been performed by Archdeacon (now Dean) Cotton. The result is (to use his own words) "a great number of variations from the "printed text of most important character; even so far as to "assert for denial, and to deny for assertion, and to make sense "where was none, and better sense where was indifferent. "Besides these, and considerable improvement in punctua"tion, division into sections and paragraphs, &c. (such as was "noticed in the sixth book,) you have a considerable ac PREFACE. xxxviii Probable Interpolation in the Eighth Book. EDITOR'S "cession of new matter, together with a totally different ar"rangement of the several portions of the book. Doubtless, 66 we are still far from having the book as Hooker himself "would have published it; yet by the aid of this our MS. "the disjecta membra are somewhat more decently arranged "than before." On this opinion of a most competent judge, as well as on his own conviction, (in which he feels morally certain that every person on inquiry will concur,) the Editor has felt himself justified in acting so far as to adopt the Dublin MS. for the basis of this edition: noting carefully at the foot of the page every variation from the original edition and other MSS. which at all affects the sense, and inserting in the Appendix a Table, which will bring into one view the difference of arrangement between this and former editions, and will shew what quantity of additional matter has been supplied. The concluding portion of this eighth book, as it stood in Gauden's edition, which has been followed in all subsequent reprints, was a fragment on the Divine sanction under which human laws are to be obeyed, beginning at " Yea, that which " is more," and ending at " if so be we can find it out." The Editor has now taken the liberty of separating this portion from the body of the book, and throwing it into the Appendix, No. 1: for although it occurs in all the MSS. he is convinced that it is no part of the treatise, but belonged most probably to a sermon or sketch of a sermon on obedience to authority, which Jackson, or some other arranger of the papers, erroneously annexed to the chapter on Ecclesiastical Legislation, which it immediately follows in the Dublin MS., as well as in the received text, although from the altered arrangement of the former it occur in the fifth chapter instead of the conclusion of the book. It commences with two or three sentences which are found verbatim in the third book, c. ix. §. 3 ; a circumstance decisive, as it may seem, against its being a part of the eighth book. For although a writer may silently transfer a passage from one work of his own to another, or from a printed work to a mere sermon, it is hardly conceivable that he should repeat a whole paragraph, without notice, in a subsequent part of the same work. This fact, then, and the little coherence of the whole with the course of The MS. (D) not that used in Clavi Trabales. xxxix PREFACE. discussion in the book where it has appeared, determined the EDITOR'S Editor to remove that portion into the Appendix: its case being the same with that which bears the name of the sixth book: no reason to doubt that it is the production of Hooker, only wrongly assigned to a place in the Ecclesiastical Polity. The Clavi Trabales may also be considered as an independent authority for those portions of the text which occur in it: i. e. it clearly was not printed from any of the existing MSS. Not from either of the three English ones, because two thirds of its contents are absent in them all: not from the Dublin MS., for the following reasons, which are given in the words of Dr. Cotton, the collator. "It is certain that "besides the copy now collated, Archbishop Ussher once "possessed another, and almost equally certain that that other "(as likewise the seventh book) was also in Trinity College li"brary. 1. The Dublin MS. has not the marginal notes, ' co 66 66 66 pied from Ussher's own hand,' which Bernard gives, marked "with an asterisk. 2. At p. 76, Bernard says, ' Here this "breaks off abruptly; whereas our MS. does not break off "here, but pursues the argument farther. 3. Again, at I p. 94, our MS. adds one more sentence to the part with "which Bernard finishes:" (which is, "On earth they are "not accountable to any.") 66 4. It moreover contains many pages not formerly printed, nor yet printed by Bernard: "who, we must therefore suppose, did not find these in his "MS. But there once was another copy, even in Trinity College library. In the Catalogus MSS. Angliæ, &c. fol. "1696, is a list of the Dublin MSS. sent in by Provost "Brown. This mentions, marked I. 50, Books 6, 7, 8, of "Mr. Hooker's Eccl. Polity.' On looking to an old catalogue preserved in the library, I find the same entry. "Now at present, book vi. is bound with several other pieces, by Hooker and others, and on one of the blank covers is "marked I. 50. This is in folio. But book viii. is a small Church Government;' 66 66 66 66 6 " quarto, bound by itself; lettered 66 |