PAGE 4. Many of our ideas of sky altogether conventional... 8. These qualities are especially given by modern masters 316 317 317 318 318 ... 319 § 10. Total absence of them in Poussin. Physical errors in his general treatment of open sky..... 319 11. Errors of Cuyp in graduation of color.............. 320 322 § 13. Phenomena of visible sunbeams. Their nature and cause.... 322 ..... § 14. They are only illuminated mist, and cannot appear 323 § 15. Erroneous tendency in the representation of such 324 § 16. The ray which appears in the dazzled eye should not 325 § 17. The practice of Turner. His keen perception of the more delicate phenomena of rays..... 325 § 18. The total absence of any evidence of such perception 326 327 19. Truth of the skies of modern drawings. CHAPTER II.-OF TRUTH OF CLOUDS :-FIRST, OF THE RE- § 1. Difficulty of ascertaining wherein the truth of clouds § 2. Variation of their character at different elevations. § 7. Causes of their peculiarly delicate coloring 8. Their variety of form.... 332 332 § 9. Total absence of even the slightest effort at their rep- resentation, in ancient landscape.... § 10. The intense and constant study of them by Turner... PAGE § 1. Extent and typical character of the central cloud region 341 § 2. Its characteristic clouds, requiring no attention nor § 10. Demonstrable by comparison with mountain ranges.. 348 § 11. And consequent divisions and varieties of feature.......... § 13. Imperfect conceptions of this size and extent in ancient 14. Total want of transparency and evanescence in the § 24.. And of the universal presence of it in those of Turner. The conclusions which may be arrived at from it.. § 25. The multiplication of objects, or increase of their size, will not give the impression of infinity, but is the resource of novices PAGE 359 359 § 26. Farther instances of infinity in the gray skies of Turner 360 § 27. The excellence of the cloud-drawing of Stanfield..... 361 § 28. The average standing of the English school................. CHAPTER IV.-OF TRUTH OF CLOUDS :-THIRDLY, OF THE § 1. The apparent difference in character between the lower 361 363 § 2. Their marked difference in color 363 § 3. And in definiteness of form...... 364 4. They are subject to precisely the same great laws.... 365 § 5. Value, to the painter, of the rain-cloud... 366 § 6. The old masters have not left a single instance of the painting of the rain-cloud, and very few efforts at it. Gaspar Poussin's storms.. 367 § 11. Impossibility of reasoning on the rain-clouds of Turner from engravings.... 370 § 12. His rendering of Fielding's particular moment in the Jumieges... 371 § 13. Illustration of the nature of clouds in the opposed forms of smoke and steam.. 371 § 14. Moment of retiring rain in the Llanthony 372 § 15. And of commencing, chosen with peculiar meaning 373 § 16. The drawing of transparent vapor in the Land's End 374 § 17. The individual character of its parts...... 375 § 18. Deep studied form of swift rain-cloud in the Coventry 375 § 19. Compared with forms given by Salvator ... 20. Entire expression of tempest by minute touches and circumstances in the Coventry...... § 21. Especially by contrast with a passage of extreme repose 377 §22. The truth of this particular passage. Perfectly pure blue sky only seen after rain, and how seen ....... § 23. Absence of this effect in the works of the old masters 378 377 § 24. Success of our water-color artists in its rendering. § 25. Expression of near rain-cloud in the Gosport, and other PAGE 379 379 § 26. Contrasted with Gaspar Poussin's rain-cloud in the 380 380 ... § 27. Turner's power of rendering mist. § 28. His effects of mist so perfect, that if not at once un- on than nature herself 381 § 29. Various instances...... 382 § 30. Turner's more violent effects of tempest are never ren- 382 § 31. General system of landscape engraving. 382 32. The storm in the Stonehenge 383 § 33. General character of such effects as given by Turner. His expression of falling rain.......... 384 $34. Recapitulation of the section 384 35. Sketch of a few of the skies of nature, taken as a § 1. Reasons for merely, at present, naming, without examining the particular effects of light rendered by Tur ner..... § 2. Hopes of the author for assistance in the future investi. gation of them 389 389 |