amicably settled and tranquillity be restored. This, however, proved to be a delusion, and from the events which occurred in and around Boston, they began to suspect an appeal to arms would be necessary, and every preparation was accordingly made.

Learning that the colonists had provided some stores at Concord, near Boston, the British general despatched a body of troops to destroy them. The people were determined to defend them, and an affray accordingly took place between them and the troops.

April 19, 1775, the troops attacked the provincial militia at Lexington; eight were killed and several wounded. They proceeded and executed the object of their march, and then began their retreat to Boston. But they were not permitted to return in peace. The inhabitants began to collect with arms, and before they arrived at Boston, there were 65 regulars killed, and 174 wounded.

Here was shed the first blood in the war of the revolution; a war which severed America from Europe.

There was now no hope entertained of a reconciliation; matters had gone too far, and the only appeal was to arms, and the last hope of the colonists lay in an effectual defence against the attacks of the mother country.

For this purpose it was deemed necessary to secure the fortresses of Crown Point and Ticonderoga. Military stores were purchased by some gentlemen in Connecticut, and as the success of the enterprise depended on the secresy and shrewdness with which it was managed, they engaged Ethan Allen to conduct the attack.

· Allen was exactly fitted for the command of the enterprise, and soon assembled 230 "Green Mountain Boys," (as the inhabitants of the New-Hampshire grants were called,) and uniting with those from Connecticut at Castleton, they mustered a force of 270 men. Allen was invested with the command, with a commission of colonel, and proceeded to take the necessary steps for an attack on Ticonderoga.

Information was gained with regard to the state of the garrison, by Capt. Phelps of Connecticut, who went in disguise to examine it. Immediately on his return, Allen commenced his march and arrived at Orwell, opposite Ticonderoga, on the night of the 9th of May, without being suspected by the garrison.

They were here greatly embarrassed by the want of boats to cross the lake. Allen, however, passed over with only 83 men, and landed near the works. The remainder of the force was left under the command of Col. Seth Warner.

SEC. 3. Early on the morning of the 10th of May, 1775, the Green Mountain Boys, under Allen, entered and took possession of the fort, completely surprising the garrison, who made little or no resistance.

When they approached the entrance, the sentry snapped his gun at Allen, and retreated. He was followed by the provincials, and so complete was the surprise, that the commander, La Place, and most of the garrison, were found in their beds.

When Allen demanded the surrender of the fort; "by what authority do you require it" said La Place. “I demand it" said Allen "in the name of the great Jehovah and the Continental Congress." It was instantly surrendered without a struggle.

SEC. 4. After landing his men Allen sent back the boats for the remainder of the party who arrived soon after the surrender of the fort. Col. Warner then took the com

3. When was Ticonderoga taken, and by whom? Relate the particulars. 4. What was done by Col. Warner on his arrival? What other place was taken? What advantages were gained by these expeditions?

mand of a detachment, and set off for Crown Point, which surrendered to him on the first summons.

A third party took possession of Skeensboro' now Whitehall, and from this place a schooner was fitted out, which' passed the lake and captured an armed vessel at St. Johns. These expeditions gave them command of the Lake, and large quantities of stores fell into their hands.

SEC. 5. On the 17 of June was fought the memorable battle of Bunker Hill, between 1500 Americans and 4000 British. This battle which, all circumstances considered, is nearly unparalleled for slaughter, was fought on an eminence, a short distance from Boston.

During the night previous, the Americans had thrown' up a redoubt behind which they sustained the attack. The loss of the British was about 1000; that of the Americans 77.

Although for want of ammunition the Americans were obliged to retreat, still the battle had a most happy effect in encouraging the people. They found from experience, that the British troops were not invincible. They became more united, and the national feeling began to be enthusiastically displayed, and Congress took measures for the support of a regular army, and appointed Geo. Washington commander in chief.

An expedition was planned against Canada, and the conduct of it given to Generals Montgomery and Schuyler. The force destined for the attack was 1000 men. They advanced to the attack of St. Johns, but the force being found inadequate and wanting artillery, they returned to the Isle au Noir to await the arrival of reinforcements which were daily expected. Schuyler, returned to Albany to conclude a treaty with the Indians, leaving Montgomery in command, SEC. 6. On the 17 of Sept. Montgomery

5. What memorable event took place on the 17th of June? What were the forces engaged? What was the effect of this battle? What was done by Congress! Who was appointed commander? What expedition was planned? Who conducted it?

6. When and by whom was the siege of St. Johns commenced? What was the state of the garrison?

having received a reinforcement, proceeded to St. Johns and commenced the siege. The garrison consisted of the principal part of two British regiments, and comprised nearly all the regular troops in Canada. They were well supplied with artillery, provisions, and military stores.

While maintaining the siege, Montgomery made an attempt to detach the Indians who had joined Carlton_governor of Canada, and to obtain the assistance of the Canadians generally. Success attended these exertions, and a considerable number joined the Americans.

SEC. 7. During the siege, Col. Allen and Maj. Brown, having been sent out on an excursion into the neighboring villages, agreed without the consent of Montgomery, to make a descent upon Montreal. Allen's force amounted to eighty men and Brown's about two hundred.

Allen was to cross over with his party to the north of the city, and Brown to the south. Accordingly in the night Allen crossed the river; but by some means Brown and his men failed and Allen was left without any adequate support.

Instead of returning Allen rashly determined to defend himself. Carlton attacked him with some hundred men, and after a severe conflict, took him and thirty five of his men prisoners. He immediately ordered them to be loaded with irons and in that condition sent to England.

SEC. 8. Oct. 18 Majors Brown and Livingston with a party of Canadians took possession of the fort at Chambly. The garrison consisting of one hundred men, were taken prisoners.

7. What did Col. Allen and Maj. Brown attempt? Relate the particulars. 8. What took place at Chambly? What was obtained by the capture?

By the reduction of this fortress they obtained possession of one hundred and twenty barrels of gun powder, besides other stores, and what was considered more valuable, the colours of the seventh regiment, which were transmitted to Congress.

SEC. 9. While Montgomery was pressing the siege of St. Johns, Carlton attempted to pass over from Montreal with eight hundred men and relieve it. But as they were landing, Col. Wayne with about three hundred Green Mountain Boys, attacked and compelled them to retire in disorder.

SEC. 10. This defeat decided the fate of St. Johns. The garrison left without hope, on the 3d of Nov. surrendered to Gen. Montgomery by which a large quantity of stores and a considerable number of cannon, fell into the hands of the Americans.

Montgomery, then proceeded to Montreal, and found that Carlton had evacuated it before his arrival. He immediately sent a detachment to intercept the retreat of the British at the mouth of the Sorelle.

The detachment on Nov. 17 took Gen Prescott, with one hundred and twenty men prisoners, besides getting possession of several armed vessels, loaded with military stores and other valuables which they were attempting to convey to Quebeck.

SEC. 11. November 9th, Gen. Arnold arrived at Point Levi, near Quebeck, with about 700 men. On the first of December, Montgomery, with 300 more, joined him at Point au Trembles, and on the 5th, at the

9. What did Carlton attempt? Relate the particulars.

10. When was St. Johns surrendered? What did the Americans obtain ? Relate the events which followed.

11. Who arrived with reinforcements? What place did Montgomery then invest? What took place on the 31st December?