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promise of success, that he took immediate steps to forward his career. In the first place the bishop bestowed on his parents an annual pension, presumably to enable them to bear part of the expense of his education at the university. Moreover, in the year 1568, Bishop Jewel obtained for Richard a clerk's place at Corpus Christi College, Oxford-a college which owed its foundation to the munificence of Richard Fox, bishop of Exeter, who baptized Henry VIII. And here, again, the president of the college, William Cole, proved himself a patron of Richard Hooker, taking much interest in the youth. It is interesting to read Isaac Walton's account of the relations of Bishop Jewel with Richard Hooker, expanding quite delightfully what has been summarized above

"About the second or third year of Queen Elizabeth's reign, this John Jewel was made Bishop of Salisbury; and there being always observed in him a willingness to do good, and to oblige his friends, and now a power added to this willingness: this John Hooker gave him a visit in Salisbury, and besought him for charity's sake to look favourably upon a poor nephew of his, whom nature had fitted for a scholar, but the estate of his parents was so narrow, that they were unable to give him the

advantage of learning; and that the bishop would therefore become his patron, and prevent him from being a tradesman: for he was a boy of remarkable hopes. And though the bishop knew, men do not usually look with an indifferent eye upon their own children and relations, yet he assented so far to John Hooker, that he appointed the boy and his school-master should attend him about Easter next following at that place; which was done accordingly; and then, after some questions and observations of the boy's learning, and gravity, and behaviour, the bishop gave his school-master a reward, and took order for an annual pension for the boy's parents, promising also to take him into his care for a future preferment; which he performed; for, about the fifteenth year of his age, which was anno 1567, he was by the bishop appointed to remove to Oxford, and there to attend Dr. Cole1 then president of Corpus Christi College; which he did; and Doctor Cole had (according to a promise made to the bishop) provided for him both a tutor (which was said to be the learned Doctor John Reynolds) 2 and a clerk's place in that college:

1 Walton appears to have made a slight mistake as to the date, for Dr. Cole became president of Corpus Christi college, July 19,

1568.

2 A letter from Dr. Reynolds is extant which throws considerable light upon the Calvinistic principles in which Hooker was trained. In this letter occurs-"You shall doe well if in

which place, though it were not a full maintenance, yet with the contribution of his uncle, and the continued pension of his patron, the good bishop, gave him a comfortable subsistence. And in this condition he continued unto the eighteenth year of his age, still increasing in learning and prudence, and so much in humility and piety, that he seemed to be filled with the Holy Ghost, and even like St. John -Baptist, to be sanctified from his mother's womb, who did often bless the day in which she bare him." Isaac Walton then proceeds to say

"About this time of his age he fell into a dangerous sickness, which lasted two months: all which time his mother, having notice of it, did in her hourly prayers as earnestly beg his life of God, as the mother of St. Augustine did1 that he might become a true Christian; and their prayers were both so heard, as to be granted. Which Mr. Hooker would often

harder places you use the judgment of some godly writer, as Calvin and Peter Martyr, who have written best on the greatest part of the Old Testament . . . I would wish you to travaile painfully in Calvin's Institution of Christian Religion, whereby you shall be greatly profited . . ."-Cf. footnote, Hooker's Works, Vol. I. p. 11.

1 "Thou didst hearken to her, and didst not despise her tears, when in streams they rolled down her cheeks on the ground, wherever she prayed; Thou didst hearken to her."-The Confessions of St. Augustine, Bk. iii. ch. xi.

mention with much joy, and as often pray that he might never live to occasion any sorrow to so good a mother; of whom, he would often say, he loved her so dearly, that he would endeavour to be good, even as much for her's, as for his own sake.'

"As soon as he was perfectly recovered from this sickness, he took a journey from Oxford to Exeter, to satisfy and see his good mother, being accompanied with a countryman and companion of his own college, and both on foot; which was then either more in fashion, or want of money, or their humility made it so but on foot they went, and took Salisbury in their way, purposely to see the good bishop, who made Mr. Hooker and his companion dine with him at his own table; which Mr. Hooker boasted of with much joy and gratitude when he saw his mother and friends and at the bishop's parting with him, the bishop gave him good counsel, and his benediction, but forgot to give him money; which when the bishop had considered, he sent a servant in all haste to call Richard back to him; and at Richard's return, the bishop said to him, 'Richard, I sent for you back to lend you a horse which hath carried me many a mile, and, I thank God, with much ease;' and presently delivered with his hand a walking

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staff, with which he professed he had travelled through many parts of Germany.1 And he said, Richard, I do not give, but lend you my horse; be sure you be honest, and bring my horse back to me at your return this way to Oxford. And I do now give you ten groats to bear your charges at Exeter; and here is ten groats more, which I charge you to deliver to your mother, and tell her, I send her a bishop's benediction with it, and beg the continuance of her prayers for me. And if you bring my horse back to me, I will give you ten groats more, to carry you on foot to the college and so God bless you, good Richard.'

"And this, you may believe, was performed by both parties. But, alas! the next news that followed Mr. Hooker to Oxford was, that his learned and charitable patron had changed this for a better life. Which may be believed, for that as he lived, so he died, in devout meditation and prayer; and in both so zealously, that it became a religious question, Whether his last ejaculations, or his soul, did first enter into heaven?"? This quotation gives a delightful account of the author of the celebrated treatise, Apologia pro Ecclesia Anglicana,

1 On the accession of Mary, Jewel fled to Frankfort to avoid persecution, and later stayed with Peter Martyr at Strasbourg. Life of Mr. Richard Hooker, in Hooker's Works, Vol. I. pp. 10 ff.

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