Economic Disincentives for Pollution Control: Legal, Political and Administrative Dimensions, Volume 1Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1974 - Fines (Penalties) - 257 pages |
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Page 4
... municipalities and in- dustries . Charges ( such as sulfur emissions charges ) other than parking surcharges could be used as a supplementary means of encour- aging compliance with the deadlines established for state implementation ...
... municipalities and in- dustries . Charges ( such as sulfur emissions charges ) other than parking surcharges could be used as a supplementary means of encour- aging compliance with the deadlines established for state implementation ...
Page 5
... municipalities presently have ordinances prohibiting noises in excess of specified decibel readings . This approach might serve as the point of departure for federal or state or local regulation of noise by imposing disincentives on ...
... municipalities presently have ordinances prohibiting noises in excess of specified decibel readings . This approach might serve as the point of departure for federal or state or local regulation of noise by imposing disincentives on ...
Page 7
... municipality unless the municipality has adopted or will adopt a system of charges to assure that each recipient of waste treatment services will pay its proportional share of the costs of operation and maintenance ( including ...
... municipality unless the municipality has adopted or will adopt a system of charges to assure that each recipient of waste treatment services will pay its proportional share of the costs of operation and maintenance ( including ...
Page 8
... municipality chose not to exercise its surcharging power . Only a few charged for all the BOD and SS deposited into municipal sewers . In many , the limit was defined in terms of the strength of normal sewage but in others it was set ...
... municipality chose not to exercise its surcharging power . Only a few charged for all the BOD and SS deposited into municipal sewers . In many , the limit was defined in terms of the strength of normal sewage but in others it was set ...
Page 9
... Municipal Plants , ' " December 1969 Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation . 716 U.S.C. $ 670a . 816 U.S.C. $ 718 . 9E.g. , Town of Huntington , N.Y. , Oil Spillage Ordinance , Chapter 60 , sections 60-30 et . seq .; Maine ...
... Municipal Plants , ' " December 1969 Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation . 716 U.S.C. $ 670a . 816 U.S.C. $ 718 . 9E.g. , Town of Huntington , N.Y. , Oil Spillage Ordinance , Chapter 60 , sections 60-30 et . seq .; Maine ...
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abatement additional adopting disincentives air pollution amendment amount annual charge annual pollution charge application assessed authority beverage container biochemical oxygen demand bottle bill British thermal units cent charge rates cigarettes City Clean Air Act Commerce Clause commission Congress cost critical materials determined distributor domestic waste economic effluent charges emission enabling act enforcement Environmental Protection Agency established facilities federal filed finance administrator gallons imposed indemnity industry interstate commerce land legislative levy limited manufacturing mean annual flow municipal nicotine operation Oregon outfall paid paperboard parking surcharges payment penalties permittee person pesticide plaintiffs plastic pollution permit holders pre-empted proposed purpose pursuant receiving waters reduce regulations retailer revenue rules soft drinks solid waste standards statute subsection sulfur sulfur oxides surveillance fee suspended solids temporary pollution permit United Vermont wastewater Water Pollution water quality Water Resources
Popular passages
Page 60 - Pennsylvania's law stands as an obstacle to the accomplishment and execution of the full purposes and objectives of Congress.
Page 239 - An organization operated for the primary purpose of carrying on a trade or business for profit...
Page 43 - So far as the requirement of due process is concerned, and in the absence of other constitutional restriction, a State is free to adopt whatever economic policy may reasonably be deemed to promote public welfare, and to enforce that policy by legislation adapted to its purpose.
Page 58 - To justify the State in thus interposing its authority in behalf of the public, it must appear, first, that the interests of the public generally, as distinguished from those of a particular class, require such interference; and, second, that the means are reasonably necessary for the accomplishment of the purpose, and not unduly oppressive upon individuals.
Page 53 - McFadden's conduct as a general proposition, it is necessary "first to focus upon the governmental interest which allegedly justifies official intrusion upon the constitutionally protected interests of the private citizen," for there is "no ready test for determining reasonableness other than by balancing the need to search [or seize] against the invasion which the search [or seizure] entails.
Page 44 - What can be closer to the public interest than the health of women and their protection from unscrupulous and overreaching employers? And if the protection of women is a legitimate end of the exercise of state power, how can it be said that the requirement of the payment of a minimum wage fairly fixed in order to meet the very necessities of the existence is not an admissible means to that end?
Page 221 - State, regional, and local agencies, the problems of waste disposal as set forth above have become a matter national in scope and in concern and necessitate Federal action through financial and technical assistance and leadership in the development, demonstration, and application of new and improved methods and processes to reduce the amount of waste and unsalvageable materials and to provide for proper and economical solid-waste disposal practices.
Page 41 - But even if appellee's activity be local and though it may not be regarded as commerce, it may still, whatever its nature, be reached by Congress if it exerts a substantial economic effect on interstate commerce and this irrespective of whether such effect is what might at some earlier time have been defined as "direct
Page 245 - ... or facts shown thereby are directly involved in such action or proceeding, in either of which events the court may require the production of, and may admit in evidence, so much of said returns or of the facts shown thereby, as are pertinent to the action or proceeding and no more.