lished themselves. There was a fearful cloud of tobacco-smoke, and an enormous quantity of bottles of beer. They joyously greeted the new-comer, who soon forgot, amid his jovial companions, his wounded condition and his anger. New prisoners arrived daily, and others were let out; but notwithstanding, the prisons were quite full. Nine accused gentlemen, who of course considered themselves innocent, were at length assembled in Rappelkopf's chamber. In eight days, sentence was passed: several of these rioters were rusticated, which prevented them from being received into any university without special permission; and about thirty were "consolirt," i. e., obliged to remove for a longer or shorter period from the "hoch schule," but could be received again; many were imprisoned, and still more reprimanded. The poor belaboured Felix became, instead of a gallant Maerker senior, who was soon to be a chore bursch, a rusticated student; had to leave for a space his friends, his pleasures, his love, and his debts.

It would have been most fortunate for all parties concerned had the consequences of this affray terminated in no other manner than the sound pummelling which the students received, but it was considered necessary to heal their wounded honour by sending a challenge to the principal aggressor among the party of Turners; and, accordingly, as soon as the various periods of punishment prescribed by the university authorities had terminated, those who were the most prominent in the melee were selected, and Rappelkopf volunteered to be the medium through which that vengeance which it was universally considered he merited, was to be inflicted. Our impartial readers may be already of opinion that he had suffered sufficiently; but, although covered with bruises from head to foot, the spirit of Rappelkopf was invincible, and he earnestly longed and pined until the period should arrive when he would be in a condition to use his sword-arm effectively. It may be as well to mention here, that the body of young men who went by the name of Turners were selected from the ranks of the burghers and artisans, and formed

into chores like the students, for the purpose of practising athletic pursuits, as well, we must add, as with the design of cultivating revolutionary opinions; indeed, those revolts and disturbances which have recently occurred throughout Germany, are in a great degree to be attributed to the prin ciples of these men, as well as to the very formidable influence which, as a compact body, regularly trained and exercised in such athletic and military pursuits as were then daily practised, must produce. Upon any movement between the students and them, constant misunderstandings, resulting in frays similar to that we have just mentioned, repeatedly occurred.

Rappelkopf, as we have already intimated, had acquired a formidable reputation for making gashes in all sorts of flesh, whether at the duel or the banquet; but his antagonist was in no ways his inferior, and much amusement was expected from the passage of arms between two such well-matched antagonists. The day of meeting was at length appointed, but so distant as to give ample time for the disappearance of every trace of the conflict which had taken place, as well as to afford the two antagonists sufficient period for preparation; at the hour named, which was twelve o'clock, in order to secure the absence of the university poodles, who usually selected that time for the principal repast of the day, and as this was supplied to them gratis by the heads of the college, they took care that no other earthly business should ever induce them to allow anything to interfere with it: so there was no chance of any interruption being offered to them. Turners, by special permission, were allowed to occupy one end of the apartment, upon the conditions usually imposed upon strangers. The challenge was for twenty-four gaeng† with the naked sabre, half measure, with one white kid glove and no bandages. When all the various functionaries necessary to the proper conduct of a duel were present, the door was bolted, and sharp-eyed foxes placed in all the passages by way of videttes. The duellists were then dressed, or rather undressed, each of them being reduced to his shirt and trowsers, with a white

† A round containing three blows.

The

The duellists stood in awful proximity, so close to each other that either might have run his man through the body without stirring from the spot where he stood, or could reach their breasts within the length of half a reach. The weapons, which were rather lighter than the ordinary practising sabres, with small hilts, and blades that had been ground to the sharpness of a razor, as each man stepped into his place, were put into their hands, and the word of command, Stoestzaus!" thundered forth by their respective seconds.

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The fight commenced, stray blows and dexterous parries were interchanged with the swiftness of lightning, sparks flashed from the welltempered steel, and round followed round in quick succession. The Turner was evidently acting on the defensive, and Rappelkopf, whose pluck was now thoroughly up, pressing him hotly; when a hit, neatly planted on his left breast, caused him to moderate somewhat of his impetuosity. Blood was observed to stain his shirt, the weapons were then struck up by the seconds, as is usual in such cases, and the wound examined; it was, however, pronounced by the surgeon to be a mere scratch. The weapons were resumed, and again the parties took up their respective positions.

This

time Rappelkopf was more upon his guard; he had found his opponent much more formidable than he anticipated; and the smart of his wound, as well as the fear of defeat, put him quite upon his mettle. Cool, wary, and collected, every movement was watched with the eye of a lynx, and every thrust parried with exceeding activity. The Turner observed this extreme caution, and seemed unnecessarily anxious to put a speedy end to the encounter. He made several rapid feints at the head, and then followed them up with the side-stroke at the right arm, which has the effect of disabling the enemy; these, however, were promptly parried. In one of these manœuvres the unfortunate Turner left an open in his side, and down,

with the rapidity of light, came the blade of Rappelkopf with fearful precision. A livid mark was the only trace of the blow at first observed, but the blood soon sprung forth, and a deadly paleness overspread his features. The Turner reeled, and fell back into the arms of the nearest second, and his friends eagerly crowded round Rappelkopf to congratulate him on the result; he was, however, observed to turn suddenly pale, and, before any one could reach him, fell heavily to the ground. The surgeon was in dire distress; he ran to and fro, not knowing which first to attend to the two lay pale and apparently lifeless in the arms of their friends. A student was accordingly dispatched, post haste, to inform the Geheimerath. The wirth was in great distress; he ran backwards and forwards, relieving his mind by exclaiming at intervals, Tausend noch mal-ach Gott in Himmel!" and such-like ejaculations. Indeed, he had, from the first, been most reluc tant to allow the duel to take place in his home but a few twenty-fourkreutzer pieces, placed in the palm of his hand, unfortunately quieted his scruples. The apprehensions of his modest and beautiful daughter Lisette had, however, been more difficult to overcome. She viewed the dreadful preparations with horror-the naked sabres, the cold sternness of the duellists, the fierce words of the Schlepp Fuchs, had filled the poor child with a terror she could in no wise control. The very thought of seeing blood flow, was dreadful to her; and now, when the catastrophe she apprehended did really take place, words would fail to convey her distress and sorrow. wounded Turner was speedily removed by his friends to the neighbouring village; and having been examined by the surgeon, it was pronounced that his life was in considerable danger. Rappelkopf was placed in bed, and left to the tender care and solicitude of Lisette, which was extremely neces sary, for his friends, although they formed themselves into watches for the purpose of taking care of him, soon betook themselves to an active discussion of the merits of the duel which had just been fought. This could not be done without the assistance of certain flasks of strong wine; then came supper, and there was soon such a

The

OUR hero had already passed through all the different conditions of a fox, and he considered every circumstance which could happen, on account of the critical position in which he was placed. Several Jews appeared in his chamber, and threatened him more than he had any fancy for. The gentleman in difficulties confronted them, and assured them that he would be able to make all things right when he received the cheque which he expected from his mother at Michaelmas.

In the meantime he wrote to this worthy parent, begging her to have the goodness to forward her next remittance to a friend, as he had made a temporary change in his lodgings, and would, during the approaching fair, not have any particular address, and it was also possible he might pay a visit to some country cousins-a common phrase in the fatherland, and one which might be understood in this country; but it was just as possible that he would leave Jena altogether, as he did not feel very comfortable. He had made a mistake in leaving this university, and had found that it was not possible to live so cheaply in it as he had supposed. It was true he contracted his expenditure, but found all would not do. He begged she would advise him which university he ought to select, and now this practical philosopher repaired to the University Amtmann, and begged the favour of a testimonium missum ("Sitten-Zeugniss"), for he did not dare to ask for one, if he had even thought of it, he would have been stoned to death by the Philisters and Jews. He received this certificate through the means of a statement, that he would become possessor of a salary if he would obtain it, and was speedily out of pain on this point at least. Felix now began to live in his former fashion-all cares were sent to the river

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Styx, particularly while the fair lasted, which presented to him so many and cheap pleasures. But all of a sudden, he was overcome, like the Jewish people in the wilderness, by the intimation that a writ of "verhafts Befehl," had been taken out against him, and that in a few days, he should be accommodated with lodg ings in a spunging house- artful dodgers of tailors, unhappy gentlemen who had the care of soles, cheating tavern-keepers, washerwomen, stupid fuchses, with black hearts, good-for-nothing Philistresses, and cringing Jews, were all down upon him. Rappelkopf now found out to his cost, that, alas! this intelligence was too true. "It is really so-I saw it with my own eyes," said the friend whom he had dispatched on a voyage of discovery. Rappelkopf instantly hurried to a respectable meel" (a very foolish Philister), who considered it an honor to himself and family to conceal a fighting-cock like Rappelkopf, was in difficulties, and to feed him well, assisted by some of his trusty companions, he got what few things he had left brought in the darkness of the night into his hiding-place, and waited patiently for his expected fifty thalers; these soon arrived, and the receiver was much affected by a severe letter from his mother. He applied a portion towards liquidating certain of his debts of honor, and resolved not to contract any more. In the silent darkness of the scanty light of the moon, accompanied by some companions, he took his departure, and left that little stage upon which he had played so conspicuous a part. vious to his departure, he wrote home, and acknowledged thankfully, the money he had received, and at the same time expressed his determination of continuing his studies at some

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other university, as he intended, at the end of the next semester, most positively to take out the degree of doctor of philosophy, for which, our readers must be by this time aware, he was thoroughly qualified. He was only occupying himself by the reflection of which university should have the honour of receiving him, as he wished to go to a cheaper, where the price of taking out his degree would be less than it was at Jena. With thirty thalers in his pocket, and leaving his debts to the Jews, as a glorious remembrance of a fighting.cock so celebrated, Felix went on his pilgrimage, but not without some fear of being pursued, and did not feel perfectly easy until he had gained the Prussian frontier. Midnight was near -our traveller very tired, and as yet, no half-way-house had presented itself, so he was forced, much against his will, to take up his lodgings under the canopy of heaven. He wandered

into some brushwood on the wayside, took a few pulls at his brandy flask, threw off his little knapsack, and put his head on it, and his shivering limbs were soon composed to sleep. Long before break of day he awoke, contrary to his general custom, but the sharp winds of autumn are cold and shivering. With chattering teeth he arose from his grassy couch, but little relieved from his fatigue of yesterday, and went wearily on his way. In Lützen he gained a temporary refreshment of his exhausted powers by some bad beer. He had not sat long, before a carriage stopped at the door of the little inn where he was resting himself; two ladies got out of it. "Oh, oh," thought the weary traveller, " they are certainly going to Nuremberg, and now let us see if we cannot find a more convenient mode of travelling than on foot." He was scarcely arrived at this determination, and two ladies closely veiled, entered the room. Rappelkopf stared at the new arrivals, who turned away from his ardent glances, and laughed. "Most probably, old acquaintance," thought master Rappelkopf. Their veils

being soon removed, he speedily recognized them to be the hostess of with one of her companions, and they greeted, in a most friendly manner, one who was formerly a frequent guest. They offered the wanderer a seat in their carriage, which, with a feint show of reluctance, he was prevailed upon to accept. Comfortably extended on the back seat of the carriage, Rappelkopf went on, passing off among the villagers, as they proceeded, for the spouse of the younger lady. The following morning Rappelkopf took a solemn leave of his friendly companions, and proceeded alone to Heidelberg.

It was just holiday time there, and all the beautiful and pleasant recollections of former and happier days came smiling back upon him, as he beheld the well-remembered faces. For the first few days he spent his time pleasantly enough, in wandering about the numerous kneipes. Although the tone of the student was not very civilized to a student of Rappelkopf's refined taste, nor their recep tion of the stranger very friendly, he placed great confidence in the fame of his fighting qualities, which he hoped had preceded him, and expecting to meet some of his university friends, he remained a few days.

The landlord of the inn at Weimar, where the Beerhahan had been accompanied by so many of his friends, knew him immediately, as, indeed, were all these, Jews alone excepted, who ever had any dealings with this jovial and pleasant student.

A collision, the cause of which it is not necessary for us to relate, nor would it be interesting to our readers to know, chanced to happen between the Westphalians and the Franconians, who were a Burschenschaft, and not a chore; but as it was found difficult to decide upon what description of weapons should be used, it was, after much discussion, determined that this "propatria skandal" should be fought out with pistols, and the bathing-place, upon the Neckar, was named as the place of rendezvous. Before

the arrangements for this combat, which was considered to be for honour, freedom, and fatherland, could be ef fected, many private duels had taken place, which, according to the Burschen-laws are prohibited, until the principal duel has taken place. Rappelkopf had been appointed second. The ancient bemossed senior of the Franconians had reserved the place of honour for himself. The place of meeting was a quiet green meadow, near Ziegelhausen; but the affair had grown so public, that when the belligerents appeared upon the ground, they discovered that the university "poodles" had anticipated them, and so they were obliged to postpone it, much to the disappointment of the senior of the Franconians, who said, with a polite bow, to his opponent, that he hoped, at some future period, arrangements might be made, satisfactory to both parties, and a more solitary and convenient place was looked out for with all dispatch, and the Kohlhoff was accordingly appointed for the purpose; where, at the expiration of two days, both parties met, one beautiful morning in July, at the hour of six o'clock. It was attempted on the ground to arrange matters, through the medium of an apology; but this was soon found impracticable: the national enmity of the respective chores was so fully aroused. There are very few German universities at which the "pistol comment" is fully understood, and it was accordingly agreed upon, that the parties should be placed, "a la barriere,' at the frightful proximity of three paces; the space being marked by a stick, with a white handkerchief tied to it, stuck into the ground, then the seconds measured off the same number of paces, from the barriers to where their principals were placed, as there was between the two barriers: so that the two duellists were separated by nine paces. After the word of command "one-two-three" had been uttered, each party was allowed to fire, but, upon pain of being shot down by the second, was obliged to remain standing in the exact spot from whence he had fired; each party were allowed to fire after the word three had been uttered -such were the arrangements made for fighting the duel which was to take place.

There is another species of barrierduel, in which, after the men

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VOL. XXXII-NO. CLXXXIX.

placed, the distance is to be measured by the umpires, which is generally ten or fifteen paces, and, after the word three is given, the challenger has the first shot. In other challenges, the choice is made between two pistols, one loaded, the other unloaded, at a distance of five paces. The duellists are now on the " mensur," the pistols being loaded under the eye of the umpire, who still makes unsuccessful attempts to arrange matters pacifically, a pistol, cocked and loaded, is placed in the hands of each the seconds step back the umpire follows their example-a last attempt is made to reconcile them; with slow and solemn voice the umpire pronounces the ominous words ONE!-TWO!—THREE!" the last of which had hardly escaped from his lips, when a sharp crash rang from the Franconian's pistol, and down went the senior of the Westphalians— an incident which considerably relieved the mind of master Rappelkopf, who, seated behind some neighbouring bushes, was contemplating the proceedings, and who, it had been arranged in case of any accident happening to the senior of the Franconians, was to supply his place—a load, amounting to at least a ton weight, was removed from the breast of the Beerhahan, as he received back from his companion, two letters he had given him to forward to his parents, in case of any accident happening to him. Every one rushed up to the wounded man, whose condi. tion was soon ascertained: the ball had passed clean through his hip, and had gone out on the other side; he had fainted from loss of blood, and it required the united strength of the whole party to remove him from the place of combat; he was carried be hind the neighbouring thicket, a bandage applied to his wound and every one whose assistance was not required, turned, by different paths, from the field, some toward carriages, and others to secure the professional services of the most eminent surgeon in Heidelberg. The wounded man was removed to a neighbouring village, whence it was pronounced dangerous to remove him, for at least six weeks. Strange to say, this affair, although quite notorious, was taken no notice of by the University authorities. The poodles having received no prior information of it, and wisely considering that what was done, could not be

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