DR. LEES ON TEETOTALISM.- MR. COURTNEY DEFENDED. CITIZEN EDITOR.-Permit me to offer a few remarks upon the attack of your correspondent 'A,' on my friend Mr. Courtney, and to say why I do so. The attack is anonymous, as well as rude; and from my knowledge of Mr. Courtney, I think that he will not enter into the lists with such a combatant. I shall, therefore, for his sake, as well as that of the principles involved, forego any personal reluctance I might feel in meddling with the angular and conceited vowel in question. I am quite accustomed to measure the capacities of the class of Dissenters' to which'A' appears to belong, and have long found that, out of the clique or little circle in which they more, or, it may be, the pulpit, in which very little men may act the part of great and sorereign critics, their logic is by no means either solid or sound. A may characterise Mr. Courtney's letter as sheer nonsense,' 'unreasoning pretension,' and 'enfeebling sophistry; but, unless I am much mistaken, 'A' himself displays much more bad logic than my friend, for, apart from a little looseness of expression, Mr. Courtney's positions will be found substantially correct. < I readily admit that the first position of Mr. C's, on which 'A' remarks, needs a verbal alteration, but not more than A's' own comment, when, after excepting some, he speaks of all! The position maintained by teetotalers, and, as I apprehend, designed to be expressed by Mr. C., is the following:;- 1. "The habitual use of intoxicating liquors disturbs the healthy condition of the stomach and nervous system, creating, in spite of reason or religion, a physical craving for the repetition of the stimulus at stated intervals-the wellknown want and sinking of the moderate drinker and which TRNDS to generate a desire for more frequent and larger use; a desire which, if not controlled in its earliest stages, becomes exceedingly difficult to restrain -a desire that, in vast multitudes, silently grows into power, and which is the true physical cause of all the drunkenness in the world, the source whence issue in this Christian land the 500,000 drunkards who disgrace it." [This position is stated more fully in Chambers's Useful Tracts, No. 23, p. 12,-a tract in which A' will find much information of which he stands in need: see also, Truth Seeker, pp. 5, 19, 21.] I affirm that no competent physiologist will attempt to deny the great fact of this first position-that the drunkard's appetite is a physical disease: this great fact, with its appalling consequences, must not be lost sight of, because' A' chooses to quibble about the words 'all' or 'many. The truth is, that the use of stimulants tends to breed drunkenness in ALL, and actually does generate it in multitudes. The strongest run a frightful risk; while the weaker brethren' perish (unheeded by our 'A's) in erowds. 6 2. Mr. Courtney asserts that the drunkard's appetite, generated as he had explained, had been amongst the effects of alcoholic liquors in all ages. Witness Pitt, Fox, Burke, &c., 'Even and even ministers of the gospel.' ministers of the Gospel.' Here, I imagine, from the general tenor of the attack, is the 'head and front' of Mr. C.'s offence. But, whether this surmise be correct or not, another instance is recorded-that of Bishop Onderkonk-in this month's National Temperance Advocate. The object of the citation is as obvious as it is satisfactory; viz. to show that strength of mind, and moral dispositions, &c., do not prevent the progress of physical disease, such as is that which gives rise to the drunk ard's appetite. How does 'A' treat this? by a parody without point! Thus-" Mental inebriety has been the effect of knowledge in all ages. Wit ness Byron, Paine, and A. Courtney, Esq." Now, really the wit and manners of this parody are on a par. Had 'A' adduced himself as an instance of 'mental inebriety,' I should have no right to remark, that such language is beyond the latitude which gentlemen allow in literature; it might have been a true self-drawn portrait-probably is, since 'A' appears to stand No. 1, both in the alphabet and his own conceit. But, leaving the personality, what shall we say to the parody? Simply, that mental inebriety is not the effect of knowledge.' 'A' is himself an example :— "Shallow draughts intoxicate his brain; But drinking deep would sober him again." Shallowness, let him learn, is a negative, not a positive, so is ignorance; and the ignorant are eminently the inflated. But as we may answer a fool according to his folly, I give bim this text to preach from, Knowledge puffeth up': he already practises it well. 3. Mr. Courtney observes that, as drunkenness has a physical origin, it should be prescribed for as a disease, not merely preached about. Of course, he speaks of the evil and its cure generally- -as affecting society at large. Very vivid mental impressions, we know, have sometimes cured physical maladies; but this does not prove that we ought to aim generally at curing diseases of the body, by addresses to the mind. The folly and falsehood of A's theory is evident from this fact, that this Gospel age is a very drunken age. How, then, can preaching cure drunkenness generally? True, St. Paul speaks of reclaimed drunkards; but he also speaks of teetotalism, which he both preached and practised [see Truth-Seeker, pp. 23, 24]. Cau 'A' prove that St. Paul's reclaimed drunkards were not teetotalers? If not, then he cannot even prove his exceptions to a rule. 4. A' calls upon Mr. Courtney to prove that the most eminent physicians declare intoxicating liquors to be injurious to persons in health. Why, Sir, he has already done this, by quoting them in various publications, which But A,' it seems, be has issued to the world. knows nothing of temperance literature; and, I fear, is not very willing to learn. Mr. Courtney declares a fact, and 'A' is more bound to search out the truth of the declaration, than Mr. C. to furnish him with books and information which are already before the world [vide Bacchus, 2nd edit.; Standard Temperance Library; Chambers's Useful Tracts, No. 23, &c.] I could fill your pages for months with such opinions. A' only betrays his ig norance and his dogmatism. Dr. Beddoes, 40 years ago, said in his Hygeia, (and he was a learned physician,) The greatest authorities are against wine.' We leave all the little lights to the moderationists; we make a present of them. 5. Mr. Courtney's statement, that 'all drunkenness [love of drink] originated in the moderate use,' is met by another puerile parody: "All mischief wrought by bad Doctors Originated in the use of good Doctors." 'Sheer nonsense' indeed! Where is the com. parison? Do teetotallers say, all mischief wrought by bad things (as alcohol) originated in the use of good things (as bread)? 'A' first converts the excessive use of alcohol into a thing-a bad doctor!-and then, by the same sleight of hand, he transforms the moderate use into a good doctor! which is just begging the question. ALL use of alcohol, as a beverage, is BAD;-not a bad object, but a bad practice. Poor 'A' is inebriated with ignorance of words. Hence he says,— "Intemperance may arise from something connected with moderation; but moderation can no more produce excess than light darkness." 'Sheer nonsense' again. What is this moderation? The use of a certain quantity of alcohol, though 'A' talks as if this use were a creature! This alcohol operates a change on the nerves; this change is followed by a want, and a desire for stimulating drink to satisfy it; and this ends in excessive drinking, since a great quantity only can satisfy a great fullgrown appetite. The appetite of the moderationist grows with what it feeds upon.' Thus moderation truly as the seed-corn sown in the soil, will can produce excess, just as issue in the harvest. 'A' vainly tries to mystify a very plain matter. Leeds, March 5, 1845. Yours truly, FREDERIC R. LEFS. REVIEWS. CONFERENCE PAPERS, No. 5. This fifth paper of the series, written by a professional gentleman whose name does not appear, though short and unpretending, and requiring less of criticism, must receive, on account of its subject, an independent notice. We distinguish the good taste of the author, in his concise and exact statements: which, though occupying no larger room in composition than a space of five pages, are precisely suited to supply what has long been much needed. Nor will any have failed to remark the excellent sense of an arrangement which, through the aid of a legal writer, has secured this valuable compendium. Did it not happen to be the case with all questions that agitate large masses of the community, and in accordance with diverse interests, in various and contradictory ways, it might occasion regret that so few do actually and suf ficiently comprehend what the state-and-church union involves. That members of the Estab 30 lishment should enjoy, without enquiry, the mortal good things which fall to their lot, excites no feeling of surprise. They have little occasion to investigate; or, if they are compelled to it by the loud clamour of opposition, the knowledge will, of course, be partial, that is only sought for purposes of defence. On the contrary, the almost total ignorance of dissenters on this subject, gives feeble credit to the amount of intelligence obtaining among their teachers; while the principle that should be aroused before its greatness; and, instead of fighting, against so great an evil, shrinks like a coward whines! The writer very ably commences with a statement of the general principle, by which to give a true verdict on the laws and institutions which in any degree aid the union. The election in favour of one party,-whether to millions, and aristocratic privileges, as in the instance of the episcopalian principalities, or to a donation of a few paltry pounds, as in the case of some of the dissenters from episcopalian establishments; dissenters, too, literally poor in spirit,-implies necessarily a reprobation, negative at least of the rest. Privilege and pay smiling their sweet | smiles upon exclusion. The friends of established religions have a elearer eye than we. We talk of dissenting merely, without becoming therefore hostile. They better know, that we cannot dissent, and the established faith not differ. When a tower of privilege is raised, it must have its fencework, and the moat of exclusive law. For the safety of the church established, it must be supported by the infringement of public liberty. The wildest dreams of Puseyism have this plain idea for their basis. The spirit of bigotry has thrown its discords into the sweetest pastorals of the apostolicals. It is not that the men are more cruel than others; they are equally with the Jesuits, in the expressive language of the constitutions of that order, corpses in the hands of their system. The massive authority of the nation's church overpowers their single will, and they cease from their proper nature. EXTRACT SIGNS OF PROGRESS: 'THE' P MASTER ABROAD.'- Our advan What Government gains of the church, is a serious question: here we rather speak of the endowment which the church receives. It comprises two grand elements-Property and Privilege. Under the former we include grants of money, lands, or buildings, and every kind of my is shown in the increas rate, tithe due, salary, et cetera multa. In the direct over indirect taxation, latter, privilege of public or official service for to arrive, during the presen the laity, with various attendant dignities, for Government gives protection graduated property, income, the clergy, the ecclesiastical courts, privileges liberty, and property of each; of college, the altar, and the grave, privileges of the forces, and the craving glory of the Bishop-justice, to pay in the proportion royal attendance, attendance on the poor and vantages it gives equally to a possess in unequal proportion Peers who never interfere with polities! These are considered under six heads, we suppose The way in which the imposi from some legal motive, we have but stated more tax was received, and with wh simply the substance of the whole. with the partial relief by the Law and the Constitution! As to law it must the knowledge of the moral ec been renewed, is strong eviden thoroughly change; and the boasted constitution By this term we mean that eco of England is a fiction that has never been real-templates the well-being of th ized. Order after order has won its place in the political economy is meant, at representation of the country, but the people are tised, the wealth of nations. unrepresented still! But we shall soon all know is not identical with national ha our position. Our wealthy Evangelists will mostly leave us. We hold nothing more certain. Our ministers will be forced onwards, as usual, by the people; and the rights of the people, after the old manner, will be claimed with religious freedom. Meanwhile, let the worthy Premier outstrip my Lord John once more, and baffle the Irish agitation by entailing ruin upon the credit of Government churches; let Masters Hook and Exeter be alert in their High Church vocation; let a few more mischievous tricks be played by Honourable Houses in the fashion so lately set, and whether the nation feel first that the vestry or the hustings must be dealt with, surplice and mortgage are so intimately united. that in taking the horoscope of either we find they must suffer together. Lovely and pleasant in their lives, in their death they shall not be divided! THE ANTI-MONOPOLIST, Rellgious and Political. THE TEACHER'S MANUAL: A Repository of trations. In the calm style which our author displays, there is nothing to give prejudice to either party; accordingly-and the point is important-all may agree that it is a fair and standard exhi-nineteenth century. bition of the true character of the union:-the abstraction clears up, and becomes palpable to a little care and attention; the mysterious quantity is now expressed in plain figures. The false and fancied difficulties are succeeded by the real and seperable. We discover that the chief obstacle is away, namely, an over-listless terror. We can level our engines with precision. We are even now like Gideon sifting the army of its false friends--and presently;- for we know not how quickly the favour of Providence may appear, in some strange and great success! The theme of this paper being one to which, in illustration and argument, we shall very frequently recur (notwithstanding the present series of articles will soon close), it will amply, suffice, for our immediate object, to add but a few words. We could wish for so much of the genius of persuasion to lead our friends for themselves taking, as a guide, the author's list, to employ a frequent spare hour, in noting carefully down whatever of the several kinds of establishment influence and patronage may occur to their respective observation. So many things are allowed to pass by, which, if aggregated, as they easily might be on the adoption of such a method, could not fail to aid and move us,— that dissenters will never seem to know even as much as they really do of a system which, while in the general it is easy of denouncement, re that wealth has been accumula come a nation of riches and ra and starvation, of excessive lux misery. was never richer than she no Yet are we improving-for litical economy which contem man, of government, and of the bution of wealth, are rapidly a are discovering that wealth is a means of happiness; and, b its uses and proper limits, they tial,-diffused, it is the source see that, like compost, heaped between the capitalist and joyment. They are learning result is, that, instead of was gies in political acerbity, they isting arrangements, and existi great social questions to the morals and happiness-to que with the land, and the law of the amount for the common ex and, as affecting these, to the money, their influence, and th While the middle classes nouncing the corn laws and all taxation, the great body of oper opening up the philosophy and ing home the necessity of an and the folly of palliatives, and THIS magazine is characterized by a spirit of twaddle, the imbecile selfishness, manly piety; contains much interesting and in- of the so-called agricultural structive information on billical subjects, and would shut out even "grease,' is rich in practical hints on the management of introduce butter. It is a sign of sabbath schools and tuition in general, which those who used to dictate, are re are the result of much observation and experi-per-the tenacity of their grip ha ence. It should be read by all sabbath school rienced among them. teachers, especially the younger and less expe THE TRUTH SEEKER, Numbers 1, 2, and 3. THE nature and especial objects of this jour(Dr. F. R. LEES, of Leeds,) in its opening article, nal are so admirably defined by its able editor, and its intrinsic value is so great, that we will not insult our readers, by supposing, that as a body, they are unacquainted with it. Should it, however, have escaped the notice of any portion of them, we recommend it most cordially to their attention, and hail it with a hearty welcome, liberty. As a guarantee of the general excelas a valuable adjunct to the cause of truth and lence of its articles, it will suffice to say that in numbers, among its stated contributors, George addition to the valuable papers of the editor, it own teeth. Every move since Testament, and not be enlarge tions and softened in their di teaches them and strengthens t tinuance in well doing; by peac tuous ends by virtuous means; well as words. The establishm ples of the New Testament, and t liberty, founded on justice to all EFFICACY OF THE VOLUNTARY PRINCIPLE.Several instances of Christian liberality, strikingly illustrating the practical power of the Voluntary principle, have recently attracted our notice. Of these some of the most remarkable have occurred in the North of England. Thus, in Leeds, the friends in East Parade Chapel (Mr. Ely's) have recently raised, to liquidate a debt, the sum of £6,100. The friends in Belgrave Chapel (Dr. Hamilton's) for the same purpose, £.1,663; and those in Queen-street Chapel (Mr. Scales') £.1570! Why should we ever distrust the efficacy of an "ordinance of God!" There is one case, however, in which we have felt a peculiar interest. In the town of Manchester there stands a chapel, the history of which is very interesting, and instructive too. Some years ago our esteemed brother, Mr. NOLAN, commenced a mission in a densely populated part of that town. He had few to sustain him; but still he persevered; and what has been the result? A chaste and capacious chapel has been raised-the cost of which, including the site, was nearly £.6,000; and of this sum the last £.1,400 was recently raised by the liberality of friends, to extinguish the debt. A church has been formed, consisting of 140 members-there are 500 children under Sunday-school instruction-there is a Christian Instruction Society, whose agents pay about 2,000 visits annually; and they have "a Working Men's Association," which has enrolled 2,700 members, and has already funded £.300! This is noble liberality. May many of our large towns imitate this example! While congratulating our esteemed friend, Dr. NOLAN, on the fruits of his labours, we cannot refrain from adding, that a principle, capable of producing such results, demands and deserves our best efforts to promote its extension. The man who understands and appreciates it, and yet does nothing in its defence, or nothing beyond his own immediate sphere-if such man there beis a trator to the cause both of liberty and truth. -Christian Examiner. AS A DR. HAMILTON ON THE POOR CLASS.'-Whatever may have degraded or redeemed the character of the ancient poor, there gathers around us a stupendous specimen of this condition. On every side povertyoften mocked by the hope of employment, sometimes sinking into the despair of support -exists. We think of this class with grateful pride. Ah, were they more closely studied, they would win our admiration! Then should we see the kindness with which they help each other, under every ill; then should we observe the hourly submission with which they bear unimaginable sufferings and privations; then should we discover their indomitable industry and endurance; then would there be revealed to us, not all the comfort which we can vividly fancy, but the struggle against a squalor which no fancy can conceive; then would there be revealed to us, not all the order which we might fondly desire, but a restraint of lawlessness, the temptation to which only understand. poverty can The house-side woodbine and the window plant declare the simple taste of elegance; the better suit of apparel indicates a sense of station, and the duty of appearance. When parental authority cannot be exercised, how cheerfully is it committed to more competent direction! If the children be for a time placed under the government of those who seek their welfare, how docile do they commonly approve themselves! Though manner be distant and reserved, how soon does a true charity warm it into confidence and gratitude! We suffer ourselves to wonder that long neglect of the should have provoked their distrust, that poor frequent oppression should have goaded their resentment, that hopeless failure should have broken their spirit. The sympathy of the poor with each othertheir availing kindness, their true-hearted tenderness towards all who are more needy and more sorrowing than themselves-form their characteristic trait, as well as impress upon them a high nobility. Where the store is so scanty; where the supply of the merest wants is so anticipated; where the sleep of the midnight hours is so compelled; an animal selfishness might be expected to betray itself. Shall poverty spare its crust, and divide its pallet? Shall it gather the children of famine, the benighted and belated stranger, the tempest-driven wanderer, around its crumb and embers? Shall it attend on sickness? Shall it give alms to the blind and decrepid? Shall it pour its balm on the heart of helpless age? These are not its excitements; they are its traditionary usages, its holy superstitions, its very laws. And shall we despise those who thus bear one another's burdens? who, weeping themselves, still weep for them who weep? where else is this exalted philanthropy?—Prize Essay, intituled “Institutions of Popular Education." FROM POETRY. "PROTESTANT THOUGHTS IN BY THE HON. AND REV. B. W. NOEL. Priests the monarch's throne outshine, Mean, compared with these, are kings- And when empires pass away, Pastors who their country warn, PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. The Olive Leaf: Law of Primogeniture. General Advertizer: Truth-Seeker: National Temperance Advocate: Anti-Monopolist: National Temperance Magazine: Long-pledge Tee-totaller, &c. NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. "Britannicus" has not complied with our request; will he do so? Will " Veritas " (Kettering) have the goodness to condense his communication and favour us with his name, and it shall be inserted in our next it may be had on application to the party to whom he addressed it. Mr. Campbell's Letter (Leicester) we have accidentally mislaid, will he favor us with a line. Mr. Hull, Uxbridge, Philo-Citizen," "En quirer," &c., received with thanks. All communications for the CITIZEN to be addressed to the Editor, care of Messrs. Westbrook and Isaac, Printers, Drapery, Northampton. Anonymous letters we burn. 32 THE BAPTIST RECORD AND BIBLICAL REPOSITORY. of this Magazine, being deter ADVERTIZEMENTS. Published, on the Fifteenth of each Month, CAUTION.-Observe, The ture is sold in Pound Packag Family preferred this Tea in Tmined to render it, at once, the cheapest and DEVOTED to unfettered discussion on the is called the Royal How qua best of our denominational periodicals, materially increased it at the commencement of the present year. "This is a periodical of higher literary and critical pretensions than have been before assumed by any journal bearing that denominational name. It bears on its title page the motto, "speaking the truth in love," and we are inclined to hope, from the spirit of some of the articles we have read, that this is fulfilled."-Congregational Magazine, Jan 1845. "Decidedly one of the ablest, cheapest, and best conducted of the religious periodicals."-Nonconformist, Feb., "We can with confidence recommend The Baptist Record to the class of individuals for whom it is specially intended, as suring them that in it they will find an able advocate for the views they entertain."-The Student, Ditto. "A masterly and scholar-like publication."-Christian 1845. Witness, March, 1845. HARMONIC INSTITUTION. DRAPERY, NORTHAMPTON. R. GEO. M. 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WESTBROOK and ISAAC, PRINTERS and STATIONERS, encouraged by the exten atrism, Physiology and Health, Animal and THE TRUTH-SEEKER is conducted on perfectly THE TRUTH-SEEKER is sustained by the literary contributions of many eminent writers, including the author of 'Anti-Bacchus; Dr. E. Jolinson, author of Nuces Philosophica' and' Life, Health, and Disease;' Drs. Wilson, Gully, and other distinguished authors and physiologists. The size is that of Chambers's Journal; the price 2s. per year, paid in advance. It will go post free in any quantitics, and to any address, within the United Kingdom ADVERTISEMENTS inserted at the following low rates-under 50 words, 2 6d. ; under 80, 4s. ; under 100, 5s.; very 10 words additional, 3d. Circulation 2,500. All COMMUNICATIONS, and ORDERS (enclosing "DR. FREDERIC R. LEES, LEEDS." 1. The Balance of Organie Nature; by J. Dumas, 2. Words for the Wise; by Dr. Lees. 4. An Original Treatise on the Wines of Scrip ture. IDDING AND Co.'s ROYAL HOWQUA'S sive patronage they have received in the Printing PIDDING MIXTURE TEA. Department, have determined to conduct this branch of their Business on A MORE EXTENSIVE SCALE than heretofore. They have, therefore, greatly enlarged their Stock of Types, and erected, in addition to the three presses previously in use, a POWERFUL NEW COLUMBIAN PRESS, which improvements will enable them to equal any London or Birmingham House, both as to style, speed, and price. In consequence of these arrangements, they have let off that portion of their Premises not occupied PIDDING & Co., the sole Importers, would re- goodness, and for its superiority to other Teas. 2ndly. Its great strength and flavour render it a it will be found Chinese Pound Package, To those who do not like Te as the Royal Howqua's Mixt mend their Mixed Black Tea, strong Tea, with sufficient palates. Pidding & Co.'s small-le one spoonful of which is equa Green Tea, is reduced to 88. G WESTBROOK & ISAAC, P Sole Agents for Nor COVENTRY: T. Willeston, Che BIRMINGHAM: J. Greatwood, New Street. For agencies, address P High-street, Borough A TO SHOPKEE PROFITABLE GENTS WANTED in Britain where appointm completed for the sale of DR. FRANKLIN'S DOMES Several of those already appo towns, realise a profit of fro Shillings per week on the sa article. supplied neatly packed and la No trouble attends the Agend there can be no loss. The ra packets; and, as it retains its f in all towns where it has been best proof of its excellence. No License require Apply to JOHN ADKINS (suc Winchester), Franklin's Bever factory, Banbury, Oxfordshire. is an excellent and healthful su DR. FRANKLIN'S DOMESTIC Coffee, and is patronised by tho much better (though it is inco among all classes, who testif and recommended by the Medic than any other beverage. It is Households, and by Ship's Crew has been adopted by many lar Sold in Half-pound and Qua at Eightpence per pound. To be prepared precisely th The manufacture of this article cleanliness, and it is of a most w Agents for Northam Messrs. WESTBROOK and Is THE CITIZEN: A MONTHLY PERIODICAL, CHIEFLY DEVOTED TO THE ADVOCACY OF POLITICAL, RELIGIOUS, AND AND COMMERCIAL NEW SERIES, No. 5. THURSDAY, MAY 1, 1845. UNSTAMPED, ID. Maynooth CONTENTS. Church Rates and Churchwardens Position and Prospects of the Church of England.............. CORRESPONDENCE: Maynooth; A Word, to Dissent ers, &c. ........ Reply to Dr. R. Lees-Anti-Teetotalism REVIEW: The Olive Leaf Varieties.... Notice to Correspondents To our Readers.. Advertisements. MAYNOOTH. PAGE 34 36 37 ib. 39 ib. ib. 40 Let them see, henceforth, if they cannot find something better to do than getting up noisy meetings, making unheeded speeches, and signing useless petitions. It is their work to receive laws, and pay taxes, and not to dictate and give directions. They will submit, we think, in silence: be thankful for the safety and protection which Providence has afforded, and conclude that a moderate amount of slavery, is a good, as too much liberty would be an evil. A state of order and tranquility this, which we rejoice to think, nothing but the impossible extravagances of chartism, or something akin to it, can ever disturb. It is true there is a class of persons, to accomplish, and their own interests comparatively small,-insignificant as to promote; and that, at all events, 33 far as numbers are concerned,-who they mean not to be influenced, in their are sufficiently liberal, large-souled, proceedings, by persons so incompetent and far-seeing, to sympathize with the to judge of the affairs of state, as the premier and his supporters. A class folks out of doors must ever be. of persons, these, who have sufficient 38 penetration to perceive that good policy is ever to be preferred to good justice, b. when they once come into competition h with each other: who have sufficient faith in the homoepathic principle, to suppose that the reform fever of Ireland can be cured by giving her her medicine in infinitesimal doses: men who are too fond of liberality to discriminate-in a world where so little of it is to be found betwixt the true and the false; but who always take the lion's skin of liberalism for the lion itself, even though it should be found to inclose the carcass of a jack-ass; and who, in the absence of full justice to the injured, can see some merit in robbing Peter to quiet Paul. Minds of this order, however, must, in the existing state of society, in which the mass have so little time for thought, and so few of the advantages of education, be of necessity, very rare. Hence we cannot but deem it most fortunate, that such a mule-headed people as the English are blessed with a body of legislators that come into existence unbegotten by the choice of the majority, and are not indebted for the retention of their seats from session to session to the whims and caprices of the popular mind; and who, having in many instances paid well for those seats, think it right, of course, to make what use they please of them, during the seven years' lease they have purchased. Nor can we help hoping that the people will learn, from the present noble and independent bearing of the House of Commons, to abandon for ever the foolish notion, that these five or six hundred men go there simply to express their crude and silly sentiments, and to do their bidding. Let them know, that these men have business of their own to do, and their own schemes SELDOM has the British House of Commons taken up so noble a position as at the present moment. No one will, after the course it has adopted on the Maynooth question, deny, we think, that the members of that House are a free and independent body. The vulgar notion, that the people are in advance of their representatives, will now, one would think, be exploded for ever. To the crippling trammels of political responsibility, popular opinion, and vulgar prejudices, no body of men ever showed greater superiority. Had they for a moment regarded the narrowminded bigotry of those who would establish no religion but their own; the silly scruples of those who imagine they are never to sanction that which they deem erroneous, and that principle is never to give way to policy; the utilitarianism of such as suppose it to be a principle of justice, that they should not be called upon to contribute to the support of an institution from which they can derive no profit; or the reckless fanaticism of those whose blind confidence in truth is such, that they would leave her unprotected by the civil power, exposed to the perils which await one so tender, and delicate, and inexperienced in all the ways and customs of men, to make her own way in the world: in fact, had they given the slightest attention to what may be called 'the voice of the nation;' they would not have persisted in carrying the measure in question. To all appearance, the pious will not long have to lament the unhappy divisions in the church. Mr. James, of Birmingham, Messrs. Sherman, B. Noel, &c., and other unionists, need not be at the pains to call large meetings in Exeter Hall, for the purpose of promoting Christian union. They may leave the business to one more Catholic even than themselves. Under his auspices, all sects seem likely to amalgamate. The same lips can bless Luther's memory, and kiss the Pope's foot. Even little John loses all his frigidness in the presence of the virgin, and the pompous Macauley becomes more inflated by her charms. And though a stiff resistance is, at present, offered to the cause of the great peace-maker, by certain religionists who do not appreciate his measures, they, perhaps, may grow wiser, and come to, at length, as many of their anti-popery friends have already done. It is true there is one class of these opponents who are pretty firm, as they may well be, when they can say nearly as much in favour of their protestantism, as any old Roman might have said in favour of bloody-handed war, or as any of the |