of joes, half joes, &c. were found to the amount of $370. | 2d. equal to $174,428 83. Of which £13,232 were from The old people recognised them for such coins as were in circulation among some French soldiers quartered in that neighborhood during the revolutionary war. Great Britain; Nova Scotia £4,508; Bermuda £61; the Canadas £6,893; New Brunswick £8,427; other parts of the colonies £5,157; and from the United States £5,325, viz: New York £1,794; Boston £2,260; PhilaPe-delphia £1,177; Eastport £93. The whole of this sum, the report says, has been judiciously and faithfully distributed among the surviving sufferers. RUSSIA. In the course of October last, says a St. tersburg journal, the caravans left Orenburg for Bucharest Khiva; they consisted altogether of 1,034 camels and 44 carts, loaded with goods to the value of 735,255 rubles. sa. FRESH WATER FOUND AT SEA. D. Buchanan, esq. in a A considerable trade in wool is now carried on at Odes-letter to professor Jameson, of Edinburg, mentions a In the southern provinces of Russia, there are at present 450,000 merino sheep, which yield annually about 2,400,000 lbs. of wool. singular fact, and one not easily accounted for, viz: finding large quantities of fresh water upon the ocean, at a great distance from land. He says, "in the beginning of St. Petersburg, March 22. According to an official September, 1824, I embarked with the officers of our restatement in the Military Gazette, published yesterday, giment, in a country ship (having most of the officers of the Russian empire in its whole extent in the three quar- his majesty's 54th regiment on board), for Chittagong. ters of the world, with all the states incorporated with We sailed out of the Madras roads with a fair wind, it, occupies a superficies of 375,174 square miles. In which continued for four days; but, on the fifth, we were this vast space there is a population of 59,524,000 inhabi- becalmed, and continued so for fourteen days, having had tants, or, on an average, 158 souls to a square mile. only once or twice a very slight breeze, which never lastThe annual income is stated at 130 millions of rubles; ed longer than a few hours. It was towards the end of the standing arany, with regular and irregular corps, at this calm that I observed a very strange appearance on 1,039,180 men. the surface of the glassy ocean. It seemed to be furrowed in several directions, and much agitated in these furrows, so that when the ship drifted into these parts, she was driven about in all directions. On the night of the 14th a breeze sprung up. Owing to our unexpected tedious passage, we ran short of provisions, particularly of water. You may suppose what was out joy and astonishment the next morning, in taking up the water along side to wash decks, to find that it was fresh, and much more palatable than that which remained in our casks, which were immediately replenished with it. By this day's observation we were 125 miles from Chittagong, and about 100 miles from the nearest part of the Junderbuns. The water was of a more yellow tinge than in most parts of the bay; and those who drank a great deal of it, suffered from it afterwards." [N. Y. Times. The following are the details:- Superficial extent, Population, 2. The kingdom of Poland. Superficial extent. To a square mile, Superficial extent, 3. Asiatic Russia. 72,161, sq. m 2.293 sq. m. 276,020 sq. m. 42 To a square mile, only [We recollect to have read of a similar discovery having been made in the Mediterranean sea, south of Sicily, more than 100 miles from land. The fresh water appeared as if forced up from the bottom, and seemed to be a little elevated over the general surface of the sen. It was thought to be the mouth of some great subterraneous river.] NEW SPA SPRING. Hundreds, says the Albany Daily Advertiser, continue daily to partake and experience the beneficial effects of the mineral water, discovered by Messrs. Boyd and McCulloch, on their premises in AI- CAPTURE OF A PIRATE. The revenue cutter, stabany. All who taste it pronounce it to be equal to the tioned at the port of New Orleans, under the command far-famed waters of Saratoga, and it is confidently believ- of capt. Jackson, recently brought to the city a pirate ed that the day is not far distant when visitors from abroad captured at the S. W. pass. She had been in chase and will come here to be benefitted by this fountain of health. fired into the American schooner Isabella, from Vera A plentiful supply of the water is had, and what is a de- Cruz, with specie and passengers on board. The pirate sideratum to invalids not blessed with a superabundance was lying at the S. W. pass, and had sent his boat with of cash, cheap accommodations may be had in the city. thirteen men around to intercept the Isabella at the upper This fact, of itself, is of great importance. It will be re-end of the pass. The cutter captured the boat likewise, collected that this valuable discovery was made by the making altogether thirty men and officers. proprietors of the concern, when boring to procure a supply of water for their extensive brewery. After penetrating a slate rock to the depth of five hundred feet, this yein of mineral water was struck by the chisel. It now rises to the surface, and we hope to see the enterprise of the gentlemen concerned richly rewarded, as we are sure it will be of great benefit to the public at large and to the city in particular. THE CONSTELLATION. The U. S. ship Constellation, capt. Ridgely, arrived at Pensacola on the 29th April after an absence of four months, during which period she has been cruizing on the coast of Cuba; has been as far to windward as St. Thomas and Laguira, and on her return ran down the south side of St. Domingo and Cuba. SPLENDID FOOLERY. A new and splendid mission, it would appear from the London papers, is about to proceed to Russia, in order to instal the emperor Nicholas as a knight of the garter. The marquis of Hertford is to be at its head, and will be accompanied by his son, lord Yarmouth, and a numerous and splendid cortege of young noblemen. The garter king at arms, sir George Naylor, and the Windsor herald, Francis Martin, esq. will accompany the mission, to assist in the ceremony of investing the emperor with the insignia of the order. The installation will, it is said, take place at Warsaw, and not at Petersburg, and be co-incident with the coronation there of Nicholas as king of Poland. eat!] [And this, when those to whom England owes her wealth, by laboring sixteen hours out of every twentyTHE GREAT FIRE AT NEW BRUNSWICK. By the re-four, cannot earn as much even of oat-meal as they can port of the commissioners, to whom were confided the receipts and disbursements of the contributors for the relief of the sufferers by the destructive fires in the province of New Brunswick, in the month of October, 1825, Russia and Persia. We undertand, says the editor of it appears that the whole amount collected is £43,607 4s.the Bombay Gazette, by a letter from the Gulf, of a re *German square miles are doubtless meant, being about 4 English. A German square mile will be equal to about 20 English. FOREIGN NEWS. cent date, that a Persian chief named Moostopha Khan, brother-in-law to the king of Persia, at the head of six thousand troops, was marching towards Traflees (in Ganjah) and, meeting an encampment by the way, apr proached it, in order to reconnoitre and pillage it, if de- The following is an extract from one of those letters, serted; no sooner had he entered it, however, than sud-it is dated 18th March: "The misfortunes of Guatemala still continue unabadenly a troop of Russians sallied forth from different directions and put to the sword the whole of the army, ted. Our city is hourly threatened by à Salvadorean with the exception of the leader and a few followers, who corps of 2000 rebels, headed by the foreigner Roul, who narrowly escaped and took refuge at the head quarters of with a view of attacking the capital, has taken up a posiAbbas Meerza, who at the same time was engaged in tion at Coginicuilapa, (distant eight or ten leagues from battle with the inhabitants of Shoosh, (a city in Armi-Guatemala,) whence he demands the restoration of the nia). The Russian troops closely pursuing the enemy, former state authorities. The president, accompanied met the grand army of Abbas Meorza, and fought them by gen. Cascaras, and a body of six hundred men, with with great slaughter, in such a manner that Abbas nine pieces of artillery, marched hence this morning.Meerza was obliged to ask an immediate succor of troops We are in momentary expectation of the arrival of Don that were stationed at Ganjah, who immediately came to Thomas Sanches, with a division of one thousand solthe assistance of the prince royal. The Persians at last diers, now on their return from Chinquimula, whither giving way to the conqueror, dispersed, and Abbas the movements of the enemy had at first directed their Meerza, after leaving the enemy sole master of his Three hundred infantry are likewise looked for rison and twenty pieces of cannon, made his escape.-under the command of Quesaltenango. The merchants The Russians finding the city of Ganjah wholly deserted mechanics, and even students have flown to arms in deentered it without the least bloodshed." fence of the city. Could the situation and fate of Gua course. gar Later accounts from Bombay, given in the India Ga-temala prove more afflicting and dreadful? Can the gezette, offer the following confirmation of this account:-nerous Mexican nation behold with indifference the shed"A despatch from our resident came in this morning, ding of the blood of their brethren? The principal comannouncing the total defeat of the grand Persian army manders of the hostile forces are Frenchmen, lately arri by the Russian gen. Yermaloff, with a force of 10,000 ved from Europe. What can be the object of these vile men, and that he had employed his artillery alone, mak-foreigners? Pietzon, who committed so many atrocities ing his adversaries scamper off with great loss and in Quesaltenango, entered this state in his flight thence, slaughter. He is expected soon to be at Tabriz, and and according to report, solicited yesterday a passport to gen. Yermaloff has got as far as Tehran. return to Guatemala. An opinion was entertained that the Russians would Brazil and Buenos Ayres. A misfortune has befallen overrun Persia, The king of Persia is said to be oppo-two Chilian frigates which were coming round Valparaiso sed to the war, which arose from a popular clamor, to assist the Buenos Ayreans--one of them with 600 caused by the fact of the king's having, in general terms, men on board, was entirely lost, and all on board perishstated that the Russians ought not to remain in possessioned, of Cape Horn, and the other put back. No recent of certain posts which they occupied. engagement between the belligerents had taken place. The brig Spark was put at liberty, but the captain would not receive her. East Indies. From Batavia we hear little as to the progress of the war, some troops have lately arrived from Europe, but not in sufficient numbers to be of much service, or to relieve the inhabitants from the oppressive Ontario of Philadelphia), having on board the deputies It is stated that an American ship from Bahia, (the militia duty, the most respectable persons being still obliged to serve, and punished for the most trifling from that district of country to the Brazilian congress, breaches of discipline with the utmost severity. The bound to Rio Janeiro, was boarded off Cape Freyo, a greatest jealousy is represented to prevail as to the trans-few days previous to the 7th April, by a privateer schoonmission of intelligence of the real state of affairs iner, who robbed the deputies to the amount of $100,000. Java, The coast of Java is much infested with pirates, who have become so audacious, as to enter into Batavia roads and cut out cargo-boats. Peru. A letter received from Lima gives the following interesting detail of the state of affairs in that country. The cireumstances in which this government now stands are briefly these. General Bolivar holds his place at its Mexico. The contemplated new route, on the head as president for lite; his power is absolute: his anMcAdams plan, about to be run from Vera Cruz to the thority is maintained by the treasury which is under his city of Mexico, will extend across the plains of pan control, by the influence of his name, and chiefly by and terminate at Texcoco-wheuce merchandise will twenty thousand bayonets, a large portion of which are reach the capital through the one mile canal, now con- Colombians. A constitution of the liberator's own framstructing under the superintendence of Stephen M. Sta-ing is imposed on the people, the general features of ples, Esq., commissioned by the government for that which, are repugnant to every principle of republicanobject. When completed, these two modes of convey-ism and oppressive in an extreme degree. General Anance will greatly tend to facilitate the commercial inter-dres Santa Cruz, is vice president, and during the abcourse between the gulph and the seat of government, sence of Bolivar, in Colombia, exercises the delegated and consequently augment the political and mercantile authority of president. He is destitute of talent or merit, importance of that portion of the republic. and it is recommended to the office only by a flexible A proclamation from the governor of Vera Cruz, in-character and the basest servility. He has three assovites subscriptions to the stock for opening a canal fromciates, and the four constitute what is called the council Vera Cruz to Alvarado; and the Mexican congress has of government. From this body all laws emanate, and decreed the appropriation of the funds necessary to ef-by it are repealed at pleasure, the constitution to the fect the opening of a canal to connect the lake with the city of Tiscoco, distance one English mile. contrary notwithstanding. In fine, there is but the name of a republic while the most revolting military despotism The governor has issued his decrec prohibiting all exists. Such a system cannot but produce dissatisfaction masonic institutions and secret 'associations of every among the people. They have been deceived; they denomination, and declaring that after the expiration have not obtained the liberty which they contended and of sixty days from the promulgation of this law, every suffered for. Consequently their discontent, though siindividual who shall still belong to such associations lent, is deep, and in spite of the terrors of unbridled tyestablished without the state, or who shall assist atranny, they will finally cause their just complaints to be masonic lodges of meetings; shall suffer five years ban-heard. If Bolivar should continue to give the rein to his ishment. It is moreover decreed that every individual unbounded ambition; if he should not 'ease the burdens who shall rent or procure a place for the holding of said of this oppressed people, I think this devoted country meetings, shall be sent to the house of correction for four will, ere the lapse of a long period, witness another reyears. volution, and pass through new scenes of bloodshed and Another high-handed measure was under the conside-civil strife. Between the Colombian and native troops ration of the senate of Mexico; it was no less than that of restricting the freedom of the press. 1 the deepest animosity prevails, which has shewn itselt during the last month in several acts of open hostility, in which a number of lives were lost. Letters from Chiapa under date of 28th March, present us with the following melancholy and distressing account Lima has hardly begun to feel the beneficial influence of of the state of anarchy which reigns throughout our sis-peace. Some few improvements are making in the apter republic of Guatemala, pearance of private dwellings, but in general the deras tation and ruinous effects of the late war are still appa-into the error! In farther proof that this fact is essenrent. The revenue of the government are said to be tial to sustain the indictment, a case was cited from ample, but they are diverted into other channels than Russell and Ryan, (1823), in the case of the king vs. James Edwards and William Walker, who had been conthat of rebuilding and adorning the city. Commerce is in a depressed state. The imports of victed before Mr. Justice Bayley, upon an indictment the last two years have been immense, greatly exceed-which charged them with stealing four live tame turkies. ing the consumption, and the trade consequently ruinous. It appeared that they stole them alive in the county of It is now in some measure improved, but still unprofita- Cambridge, and killed them in the county of Hertford, ble. This government has passed a law which goes into where they were tried; so that the character of live turoperation on the 6th February next, laying an additional keys was not applicable in the county of Hertford. The duty of 50 per cent. on sundry articles, among which are judge had some doubt whether the word 'live' was not those which constitute a large portion of the imports in surplussage, and the question was reserved for the deAmerican vessels, viz. plain cottons, furniture, saddle-cision of the twelve judges. It came up in Hilary term, ry, lard, tallow and wax candles, hats, shoes and boots, 1823, and the judges decided that the word "live" was sugar, soap, tobacco, and ready made clothes. The con- not surplussage; and that as the prisoners had not the sumption of our cottons, however, is annually increasing turkeys in a live state in Hertfordshire, the charge was and from their superior fabric, and cheapness, will even- not proved, and the conviction was wrong. In support tually supercede, in spite of every obstacle, the use of all of the other exception, that the indictment did not speothers. The consumption of American flour which has city whether the duck was a tame duck, Blackstone, heretofore been a valuable branch of commerce to this book IV. chap. 17, was cited, from which it is clear that coast, is gradually diminishing. The quantities of wheat larceny cannot be committed of such animals as are feræ introduced from Chili are nearly sufficient for the sup-nature and unreclaimed, because there could be no proply of Lima; and as the manufacture of it is daily improv-perty, either absolute or qualified. Maxwell resisted ing here, there is little doubt that our flour will soon be excluded from the market, except in cases of a short crop of Chili. The working of the silver and gold mines, since the conclusion of the war, has been a loseing speculation to the adventurers. Considerable quantities of the metals are produced, but the expense of conveying machinery to the mines, the clearing them of water, the inexperience of the workmen, and above all the rapacity of the government, absorb all the profits and nearly all the capital. As the precious metals are almost the only exports from Peru, commerce must flourish or decay in proportion as they abound or are scarce. An agent of the French government presented his credentials to the authorities here a few days ago, under the title of "inspector of commerce." The Peruvian cabinet refused to recognise him in that capacity, and he has consequently demanded his passports and left the country This step may be productive of important con quences. THE UNCERTAINTY OF THE LAW. in the doctrine, and contended that although a dog would come under the class of feræ naturæ, still, if a valuable watch-dag should be stolen, it would hardly be supposed that it would not be considered larceny. The court, however, sustained the first objection. The witness was then called again, and swore that it was a tame duck. The jury thereupon found the prisoner guilty without leaving the box. Pat protested stoutly against the verdict-insisting that he had never stolen the duck at all, at all. "May it plase your, honor's honor" said he, "it is hard for a pucable honest man, as your honor sees that 1 am, to be bothered in this way, when d'ye sec, as I was just after going home the night, just a little bit in the morn ing d'ye see, I fell down, and found the duck under me, And that is all your honor!" MINISTERS, AGENTS AND CONSULS. Department of state, March 22, 1827. List of the ministers, consuls, and other diplomatic and commercial agents of the United States in foreign countries, and the places of their residence. Albert Gallatin, B. Lawrence, Thomas Wilson, ENGLAND. envoy extra. and minister plenipo. London, sec'ry of legation, London, ag't &c. and consul, London, Thomas Wynns, "The avoirdupoise of a hair." A rough, ragged look-Wm. ing son of Erin, named John Brush, who looked as though he had been at a wake for a week, and asleep the gutter afterwards, was yesterday put to the bar, on an indictment for stealing a duck, from the poultry yard of a black man in Love-lane. The evidence was pretty clear, that Brush entered the said poultry yard at a very late hour-the ducks quack'd-at which the wife of the owner awoke and started her hushand-who sallied out, sans culotte, and gave chase to the intruder upon the repose of his poultry. Brush, in running, tumbled down, by which means he was overtaken, and found in the very act of barbarously biteing the duck's head. The witness could not say whether the duck was way bedead or alive, as it appeared to be about half tween-perhaps a little more dead than living. The counsel for the people here rested his case, and the witness left the stand. The poor prisoner not having any counsel, McEwen, and several benevolent members of the bar, spontaneously volunteered. Exceptions were taken to the indictment, that it did not set forth the fact whether the duck was tame, or dead or alive, but merely charged the prisoner with stealing "a duck." A case in point was cited, where Livingston, when mayor of New-York, decided in a similar case, that the indictment must specify whether it was a tame duck, or a dead duck, otherwise there could be no proof of the right of proper- Daniel Sheldon, ty. The consequence of this decision was, that the pris-Isaac Cox Barnett, oner was acquitted; but, not understanding exactly the na- Daniel Strobel, ture of the legal loop-hole through which he had escaped, Joshua Dodge, and thinking that duck-stealing was no longer larceny, he F. C. Fenwick, stole a dozen dead ducks from the market the same Edward Church, night, for which he was arrested, correctly indicted, and R. G. Beasley, tried and convicted the next day. But the best of all James F. Cooper, wgs that he abused the court soundly for leading him | Alex. de Tubenf, Edmund Roberts, James Brown, consul, Liverpool, Plymouth, Leith, Scotland, Glasgow, do. do. do. do. Kingston upon H. do. Cowes, Isle of Wight Dublin, Ireland, Cork, Belfast, Isle of France, Bermuda, Nassau, N. P. Kingston, Jamaica, comm. agent, Island of Trinidad, FRANCE. consul, Bordeaux, do. do. do. L'Orient, H. Potter, Thomas Lee, John Gadsden, M. A. Waring, Jeremiah Cuyler, Clarksburg. R. W. Habersham, attorney, John H. Morel, do. 3 Mar. 1831. 25 Apr. 1830. ARKANSAS. do. do. Wm. Trimble, S. Sibley, Post of Arkansas, 7 Feb. 1829. do. MICHIGAN. judge, Detroit, do. John Hunt, 7 Feb. 1829. do. EAST FLORIDA. J. L. Smith, judge, St. Augustine. MIDDLE FLORIDA. A. B. Woodward, judge, Tallahassee. W. A. McRae, attorney, Tallahassee, Alexander Adair, marshal, Tallahassee, WESL FLORIDA. H. M. Brackenridge, judge, Pensacola. Benj. S. Wright, attorney, Pensacola, William Sebree, marshal, Pensacola, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Wm. Cranch, chief judge, Washington. Sam'1 Chase, judge of orphan's court, county of Washington. H. C. Neale, register. 20 Dec. 1830. Chr. Neale, judge orphan's court, Alexandria. 9 Dec. 1827.Alex. Moore, register. |