Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1851

BY CYRUS W. FIELD,
In the Clerk's Ofice of the District Court for the Southern District of New York.

UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY
47*37

TO THE DESCENDANTS

OF

TONE, SAMPSON, EMMET, AND MCNEVEN,

RESIDING IN THE CITY OF NEW YO

This Volume is Inscribed,

IN MEMORY OF THE HAPPY HOURS

PASSED IN THEIR SOCIETY.

A Glance at Irish History-Aborigines of the Island.-Phænician Colonies.Traces of
an Asiatic Origin.-St. Patrick introduces Christianity.-Invasion of the Danes.-
Henry II. undertakes to subdue Ireland to the Pope,

.

CHAPTER II.

Why the Irish hate the English.-Ireland a conquered Country.-No Fusion of Races.-

Intermarriages prohibited. Attempt of Elizabeth to exterminate the Natives by

Famine.-Duplicity of the Stuarts. Cromwell in Ireland.-Massacre of Drogheda,

and Estates confiscated.- English Plantations.-Policy of Charles II. to depress Ire-

land.--Revolution of 1688.-The Irish forced to emigrate.-Scene at the Surrender

of Limerick.-Irish Brigade formed in the European Armies, -

.

CHAPTER III.

Difference of Religion. Why the Reformation did not spread in Ireland as it did in

Scotland.-Henry VIII. introduces it as & Matter of Policy.Sends over Preachers

ignorant and immoral. The Catholics persecuted.Penal Laws against them.-

Priest-hunting, as among the Scotch Covenanters,

.

CHAPTER IV.

The Struggle for Irish Independence begins.—The American War.-Danger of a French

Invasion.-The Irish Volunteers organized.-Demand for Free-trade and an Indepen-.

dent Parliament.-Revolution of 1782.-Rejoicings of the People.—Political Abuses

still exist.-Demand for further Reform.-Ġrattan.-The French Revolution breaks

out, -

. . 48

CHAPTER V.

Curran.-His Boyhood passed among the Peasantry --Attends their Weddings and

Funerals.-College Life.-Destined for the Church.-Chooses the Law.-Studies to

make himself an Orator-Powers of Conversation.-- Playful Fancy.-Wit, Humor,

and Pathos.-Extreme Sensibility.-Sudden Transitions of Feeling.–Constitutional

Melancholy-Character of his Eloquence.--He defends a Catholic Priest.-The State

Trials.His Love of Ireland,

CHAPTER VI.

Theobald Wolfe Tone.-Early Life.--Marriage--Studies Law.-Project of a Military

Expedition to the South Seas Settles in Dublin.-Friendship with Emmet and

Russoll, - .

- - - - - - - -

CHAPTER VII.

PAGE

Excitement caused by the French Revolution.-Tone enters into Politics.--Division of

Parties in Ireland. - He endeavors to unite the Dissenters and Catholics.Founds the

Society of United Irishmen.- Is appointed Secretary to the Catholic Committee.-

His Efforts to obtain Catholic Emancipation.-Opposed by the Protestant Ascend-
ency.-Convention in Dublin.-Petition to George Il

CHAPTER VIII.

The Irish Volunteers disbanded.-Earl Fitzwilliam Lord Lieutenant.-The United

Irishmen changed to a Secret Society.-Rev. William Jackson arrives as an Emis-

sary from France.- Is arrested.-Anecdote of his Imprisonment.—Trial for Treason,

and Death.-Hamilton Rowan makes his Escape from Newgate.--Fidelity of Irish

Sailors.-Tone floes to America.-Meets old Comrades.-Sails for France, - • •

CHAPTER IX.

Tone in France.-Shiel's Speech.-Acquaintance with James Monroe.-Audience of

Carnot. Life in Paris.-Plans for invading Ireland.-General Hoche.-Tone's first

Interview.-Council of War with Hoche and Carnot, - - - - - - - 110

CHAPTER X.

Tone in Hocho's Staff.-Accompanies him to the Army.-Armament preparing at

Brest.-Ruse with a Spy.-Tone enlists Irish Prisoners.--An Emissary sent to Dub-

lin.-Tho Troops embark.-The Expedition sails. -Reaches Bantry Bay.-Driven off

the Coast by a Gale of Wind, -

- 129

CHAPTER XI.

Tone goes with Hoche to the Rhine.-Battle of Neuwied-Plan of a second Expedition

from Holland.-Dutch Fleet in the Texel.-- Admiral Dewinter.-Mutiny at the

Nore.-Battle of Camperdown.-Death of Hoche.-Formation of the Army of Eng-

land.-Napoleon sails for Egypt, -

. .16

CHAPTER XII.

The United Irish Society completes its Organization.-Numbers and Wealth involved

in it.-Oaths of Secrecy.- Organized into an Army. Attempt to suppress it by

Force.--The Triumvirate, Clare, Castlereagh, and Carhampton.-Reign of Terror in

Ireland.-Men tortured to force Confessions. The State Trials. The Struggle ap-

proaching.–Military Preparations. The North impatient to rise.-Fatal Reliance on

France,

. - 159

CHAPTER XIII.

Lord Edward Fitzgerald.-High Birth.-Serves in the American War under Lord

· Rawdon.-Wounded at the Battle of Eutaw Springs.-Travels in Spain.-Rejoins his

Regiment in Canada.-Tour to the Falls of Niagara, the Great Lakes, and the Missis-

sippi.-Returns to England.-Meets Fox and Sheridan in the Society of London.-

Visits Paris during the French Revolution.-Marries & Daughter of Madame de Gen-

Jis.-Enters Parliament.-Joins the United Irishmen.-Is appointed Commander-in-

Chief Talents for War.-Military Tactics, - - - - - - - - - 175

CHAPTER XIV.

Thomas Addis Emmet.—The Three Brothers. His Education.-Studies Medicine at

Edinburgh.—Travels on the Continent.--Adopts the Profossion of Law.--Commences

Practice in Dublin.-State Trials.--He takes the Oath of the United Irishmen in open

Court.-Intimacy with Tone.-Joins the Society.--Is chosen ono of tho Directors. - 191