prescribe the formalities according to which the parties shall present their claims, counterclaims, pleas, and rejoinders.

ART. VII.-The arbitrators shall have recourse to all means of information which they may think necessary for the purpose of ascertaining the facts, and of arriving at a just decision, such as investigations, the services of experts, the production of documents (with or without transfer from their place of custody), examination of documents, the removal of judges from one place to another, commissions of inquiry, &c. Each party shall undertake to place at the service of the judges all facilities and means of information that may be necessary.

ART. VIII.-There shall be no appeal from the decision of the judges, which shall be final. Their award shall be executory, and shall have the force of law a month after it has been notified by them to the two parties. They will be required to make their award known through the medium of official journals or delegates specially authorised to receive legal notices, within eight days of its issue.

The arbitrators shall themselves fix the salaries and emoluments of the persons employed by them. They shall regulate all expenses, including their own honoraria; and they shall specify in the award the proportion of expenses to be paid by the two parties respectively.

ART. IX. The arbitral decision shall not be annulled, except in the following cases, and for the following reasons:—

(a) If the arbitrators have pronounced judgment in reference to matters not referred to them.

(b) If the decision has been based upon an Agreement which is null and void, or which has expired.

(c) If the forms and periods of time prescribed by the Treaty have not been observed.

devront produire devant eux leurs demandes, requêtes, conclusions et défenses.

ART. 7.-Les arbitres useront, pour éclairer leur justice, de tous les moyens d'informations qu'ils jugeront nécessaires: enquêtes, expertises, production de pièces, avec ou sans déplacement, compulsoires, transports de juges, commissions rogatoires, etc., chaque partie s'obligeant à mettre à leur disposition tous les moyens, ressources et facilités nécessaires.

ART. 8.-Les arbitres jugeront sans appel et en dernier ressort. Leur sentence sera exécutoire, de plein droit, un mois après la notification qui en sera faite par leurs soins aux deux parties. Ils seront tenus de rendre cette sentence publique par la voie des journaux officiels ou délégués pour recevoir les annonces légales dans la huitaine de la dite notification.

Les arbitres fixeront eux-mêmes les salaires et émoluments des personnes qu'ils auront employées; ils règleront les frais faits par eux, en y comprenant leurs propres honoraires, et détermineront par la sentence la proportion dans laquelle ces frais et honoraires devront être supportés par les parties.

ART. 9.-La sentence arbitrale ne pourra être annulée que dans les cas et pour les causes suivantes :

Si les arbitres ont prononcé sur choses non demandées;

Si la sentence a été rendue sur compromis nul ou expiré ;

Si les formes et délais prescrits par le présent traité n'ont pas été observés.

In either of these cases, the party desiring to have the award declared null and void, should make a claim to that effect, on pain of forfeiture of the same, within a month of the declaration of the award. Such party should, in his statement of claim, name an arbitrator, and the inquiry into the demand for nullity shall be conducted as in the case of arbitration, and in conformity with the rules above laid down.

ART. X.-Arbitrators conducting an inquiry into the nullity of an award shall confine themselves to a declaration on that point alone; and their decision shall not be called in question, either by way of appeal or in any other manner, it being definite and absolute. In the case of the award in question being annulled, a new arbitral tribunal shall be constituted for the purpose of arriving at a decision, according to the rules laid down in Articles II., III., IV., V., VII., VIII., as above.

If the award whose nullity has been demanded is affirmed, it shall come into full effect within fifteen days of the declaration being notified to the parties.

ART. XI. The present treaty shall remain in full effect for thirty successive years from the date on which it is signed. Unless one of the parties shall have given notice, in writing, to the contrary at least six months before its expiry, the said treaty shall continue to have effect by tacit renewal ("réconduction"). Each party shall, however, retain full power, by a simple notification, to terminate the treaty at the expiration of the thirty years aforesaid. Such notification, however, shall not take effect until six months afterwards, and shall not invalidate the conditions stated in Article V.

ART. XII.-The two parties pledge their honour faithfully to observe the execution of the preceding treaty, in respect to all its provisions.

L'un de ces cas échéant, celle des parties qui voudra se pourvoir en nullité de la sentence devra le faire, à peine de forclusion, dans le mois de la notification de la sentence. Elle devra, par le même acte, désigner un arbitre, et la procédure de la demande en nullité devra être poursuivie par voie d'arbitrage, et conformément aux règles établies ci-dessus.

ART. 10.-Les arbitres saisis d'une demande en nullité d'une sentence rendue ne devront statuer que sur la question de nullité, leur sentence ne pourra être attaquée ni par voie d'appel, ni par aucune autre voie, elle sera souveraine et définitive. S'ils annulent la sentence à eux déférée, un nouveau tribunal arbitral sera formé pour instruire et statuer selon les règles tracées par les articles 2 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 et 8 qui précèdent.

Si la sentence arguée de nullité est déclarée valable, elle sortira son plein et entier effet dans la quinzaine de la notification faite aux parties de la sentence qui en aura déclaré la validité.

ART. II. - Le présent traité aura son plein et entier effet pendant trente années consécutives, à partir de la signature. A moins que l'une des parties n'ait, six mois au moins avant son expiration, notifié par écrit son intention contraire, le dit traité continuera d'avoir effet entre les parties par voie de tacite réconduction. Chaque partie gardant d'ailleurs la faculté d'y mettre fin après l'expiration des trente années ci-dessus indiquées, par une simple déclaration qui n'aura d'effet que six mois après sa notification, et ce, sans dérogation aux dispositions portées en l'article 5.

ART. 12.-Les deux parties engagent leur honneur à exécuter fidèlement et en toutes ses dispositions le traité qui précède.

A MODEL OF A TREATY OF ARBITRATION FOR PERMANENT ADOPTION BETWEEN STATES.

PREPARED BY M. EMILE ARNAUD,

President of the "Ligue Internationale de la Paix et de la Liberté.”

There is concluded, in the following terms, a permanent treaty of Arbitration ::

I. The contracting States reciprocally recognise their full Autonomy and independence.

II. These States engage to submit to an arbitral tribunal judging without appeal and finally all the disputes and differences which may arise between them during the time that the present treaty is in force, whatever may be the cause, nature and object of these difficulties: consequently they renounce, without any exception or reserve, the use against each other. whether directly or indirectly, of any means or process of war during this period.

III. The arbitral tribunal shall be composed of three persons, Each of the States shall appoint one of the arbitrators. It shall choose him from amongst persons who are neither under the jurisdiction of one of the contracting States nor inhabitants of their continental or colonial territory. The two arbitrators shall themselves choose the third.

If, three months after being called upon to appoint its arbitrator, one of the States has not proceeded to such appointment, or if the

* It would be easy, if the contracting parties desired it, to constitute a second degree of jurisdiction. It would be sufficient to settle in the treaty the composition of the Arbitration Court (5 or 7 members appointed as the arbitrators of the 1st degree) the time allowed for appeal, and the procedure.