the women of Greece. The females of that country have a complexion like our own. They have not indeed, in a large number of instances, received a liberal education, yet are they distinguished by much that is elegant and attractive. This was more especially the case with the females of Scio.

How strongly, then, might we suppose the feelings of compassion would be excited, at the thought of multitudes of these persons who have been made to experience all the woes of Turkish slavery. They have been torn from their parents, their brothers, and their friends; and many of those relatives they have seen slain before their eyes. They have been separated for ever from the place of their birth, and sold in the slave-bazaars of Constantinople, Smyrna, and many other places. They have been led away to all the different parts of the Turkish Empire, and inclosed in Mussulman harems, in many instances never to emerge; and not unfrequently they have been treated with extreme cruelty. Of the sorrows which the Greek captives experience in their captivity, I was once made deeply sensible in the town of Magnesia. It was in the year 1829, when I happened to be present at the solemnities of the Greek Easter.

According to custom, they were reading the Gospel for the day in a variety of languages, and a large concourse of Greeks thronged the church. The Archbishop of Ephesus was also present, and officiating with much pomp; and the aspect of the church, and of the whole scene, was the most festive imaginable. But at the large door of the building, a scene of a very different character was exhibited. A considerable number of female captives were ranged, and, if I recollect right, in a kneeling posture, along the outside. Their Turkish masters had indulged them so far, as to permit them, on this occasion, to survey the worship of their church and the persons of their countrymen. It was however, to them, a painful instead of a joyful spectacle. joyful spectacle. Their flowing tears and evident distress very clearly intimated how keenly they felt their separation from their friends and countrymen, and how painful was their whole condition of servitude.

The debasement of feeling, which their Turkish masters display on this subject, is another evidence how melancholy must be their state. On a journey which I made from Constantinople to Smyrna, in company of Hadji Mustapha, a native of Tunis, he spoke of the purchase he had lately made of a Sciot captive, with as much composure

as an Englishman might speak of the purchase of a horse or a dog. To calamities like these has the captive daughter of Scio, of Psara, of Haivali, of Missolonghi, and of many other places, been subject. The story of the capture of these islands and towns would probably resemble, in many points, the history of the capture of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar: Our inheritance is turned to strangers, our houses to aliens :-the captive may adopt this language of the Book of Lamentations (ch. v. 2, 3, 5-8): We are orphans and fatherless; our mothers are as widows... Our necks are under persecution: we labour, and have no rest. We have given the hand to the Egyptians, and to the Assyrians, to be satisfied with bread. Our fathers have sinned, and are not; and we have borne their iniquities. Servants have ruled over us: there is none that doth deliver us out of their hand.

CHAP. II.

CALAMITIES OF TURKEY.

Desolate state of the Morea, illustrated by Scripture-Tripolitza, and the open country, after the last incursion of Ibrahim Pasha-Towns demolished-Soil in a state of devastation-Highways abandoned - Khans burnt - Cattle destroyed-Churches in ruins-Olive-trees cut down-The inhabitants taking refuge in caves and mountains-Fires in Turkey-Terrible conflagration at Constantinople in 1826 —Families resident in the tombs of the Ancient Æginetans― Reflections on the comparative privileges of our countryRespect paid to Englishmen in Turkey-Execution of Divine menaces against sin, exemplified in the sufferings of the Oriental Church, and in the decline of Turkish power.

In regard to that territory, which for many years has suffered the horrors of revolution and anarchy, and been the theatre of Turkish warfare, I have often been struck to observe, how very accurately the descriptions of the state of Judea by the ancient Prophets are applicable to it. To the Greeks may be addressed the language: Your country is desolate; your cities are burned with fire: your land, strangers devour it in your presence; and it is desolate, as overthrown by strangers. I passed through the principal parts of the Morea, soon

after the last incursion of the Arab army. In the chief towns, and in a multitude of the country villages, not a dwelling remained entire. In Tripolitza, the capital, the work of demolition had been complete. Not only was the green grass growing amidst the ruins of the palace of the Pashas of the Morea, but every mosque, every church, every dwelling, and even every wall, had been thrown down. The destruction of Tripolitza seemed only second to that of Jerusalem: Not one stone shall be left upon another, which shall not be thrown down. And in what condition may the soil be supposed to have been?-in a state literally fulfilling the prophecy of Isaiah concerning Judah (vii. 23): It shall come to pass, that every place shall be, where there were a thousand vines at a thousand silverlings, it shall even be for briers and thorns...all the land shall become briers and thorns.

A description in the book of Judges (ch. v. 6), of the effects of hostile invasion, is a description true in regard to Greece: In the days of Shamgar the son of Anath, the highways were unoccupied, and the travellers walked through by-ways. Passing from Argos to Tripolitza, and from the latter place to Mistra, two of the principal roads in the Morea, I found this language most correct. It was rare