Plasticity in the Human Nervous System: Investigations with Transcranial Magnetic StimulationSimon Boniface, Ulf Ziemann It is now well known that the functional organisation of the cerebral cortex is plastic and that changes in organisation occur throughout life in response to normal and abnormal experience. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive and painless technique that has opened up completely new and fascinating avenues to study neural plasticity. First, TMS can be used to detect changes in excitability or connectivity of the stimulated cortex which may have occurred through processes such as learning or recovery from a lesion. Second, repeated TMS by itself can induce changes in excitability and connectivity of the stimulated cortex which may be used therapeutically in neurological and psychiatric disease. Third, TMS can induce short-lasting 'virtual lesions', which may directly test the functional relevance of brain plasticity. Current knowledge of all these exciting possibilities is brought together in this book, written by the world's leading experts in the field. The book is an essential compendium on plasticity of the human brain for clinical neurophysiologists, neurologists, psychiatrists and neuroscientists. |
Contents
1 | |
2 Techniques of transcranial magnetic stimulation | 26 |
3 Developmental plasticity of the corticospinal system | 62 |
4 Practiceinduced plasticity in the human motor cortex | 90 |
5 Skill learning | 107 |
6 Stimulationinduced plasticity in the human motor cortex | 135 |
7 Lesions of cortex and poststroke plastic reorganization | 166 |
Other editions - View all
Plasticity in the Human Nervous System: Investigations with Transcranial ... Simon Boniface,Ulf Ziemann No preview available - 2009 |
Plasticity in the Human Nervous System: Investigations with Transcranial ... Simon Boniface,Ulf Ziemann No preview available - 2003 |
Common terms and phrases
activation adult afferent amputation axons baseline behavioural biceps blind Braille readers Brain Res cerebral Chen Classen Clin clinical Cohen coil contralateral cortical excitability cortical reorganization cortical representation corticospinal projections corticospinal system corticospinal tract decrease demonstrated depression Donoghue effects Electroencephalogr evoked potentials facilitation fMRI functional Hallett hand area hemisphere hippocampus human motor cortex iMEPs induced inhibitory input interhemispheric interstimulus interval intracortical inhibition IPAS ipsilateral latency Lazzaro lesions Liepert limb long-term potentiation mechanisms MEP amplitude modulation motoneurones motor threshold movements Muellbacher muscles Neurology neurons Neurophysiol Neurosci NMDA receptor normal occipital paired-pulse Parkinson's disease Pascual-Leone pathways performance Physiol plastic changes prefrontal cortex premotor primary motor cortex pyramidal recovery repetitive transcranial magnetic responses role Rossini Rothwell rTMS sensorimotor sensory sequence learning Siebner somatosensory spatial stroke patients studies subjects synaptic plasticity task therapeutic tion transcranial magnetic stimulation visual cortex Wassermann Ziemann