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a polysyllable? In the following sentences, mention whether the words are monosyllables, dissyllables, &c. A good disposition is a great advantage to the possessor. Every person is accountable for his own conduct. Many are ruined by extravagance.

What is a primitive word?-a derivative?-a compound? Which of the following are primitive, derivative, or compound words-justice, habitual, shoe-maker, blindness, good, virtuous, art, baseness, division, holiness, bookcase?

What is Spelling? How is the spelling of English words principally determined? With what rules only can the student be furnished with respect to the spelling of words? What is the General rule for the division of words into syllables? When two vowels come together not forming a diphthong? When a single consonant comes between two vowels?-two consonants between two vowels?-three or more consonants between two vowels?-Compound and derivative words ?-Grammatical terminations?-the terminations cial, cian, tial, &c.? Which consonants are never divided? Which words in y follow the rule of derivatives? How are derivatives doubling the final consonant of the simple divided? What is observed with respect to c or g soft preceding a syllable?

The following words are divided into their proper syllables;1. Re-al, ri-ot, bi-as, cli-ent, cru-el, po-et, tri-al, flu-ent;―jewel, roy-al.

2. Pre-fer, o-bey, re-ward, a-muse, rea-son, fu-ry, la-dy;—vixen, flax-en, ex-act.

3. Sum-mer, cof-fee, dan-ger, cer-tain, car-pen-ter, ad-van-tage; -a-ble, ea-gle, scru-ple, de-gree, re-flect.

4. Rē-straint, dē-scry, rē-strict, dē-scribe, bē-stride;

Chest-nut, laugh-ter, land-scape, něigh-bour, emp-ty.

5. Black-bird, hot-house, York-shire, wind-mill, read-er; Glos-sy, win-dy, rai-ny, mis-ty.—

Mend-ed, roll-ing, com-ing, ten-der-est, coars-er ;-Scan-ning, run-ning, flat-ter, ad-mit-ted;-Pro-noun-cer, con-vin-ced, cot-tages, in-dul-ging;-ra-cer, spi-cer, ra-ging, pla-cid, fa-cing.

6. De-vo-tion, pos-ses-sion, de-li-cious, cau-tious, Gre-cian, nup-tial.

Promiscuous. Be-gan, Ad-am, at-las, bol-ster, sur-prise, pa-trou, de-claim, ex-treme, du-el, em-blem, re-lieve, as-pire, cul-prit, doat-ed, rob-ber, shav-en, soo-ty, alms-house, an-cient, sur-pris-ed, hand-ker-chief, peace-a-ble, nu-tri-tious.

Questions on the Rules for final and additional Syllables.

Exercises, p. 3.-Grammar, p. 7, 8.

How do monosyllables generally end? State the exceptions. How do monosyllables ending in ƒ, l, or s, preceded by a single vowel, generally end? Mention the exceptions.-How do words of more than one syllable, when the final consonant is preceded by a single vowel, end? Mention the exceptions.

What alteration do words ending in y preceded by a vowel undergo upon taking an augment?-when preceded by a consonant? Mention the exceptions. When do words ending in e retain and when reject the e on receiving an augment?-Mention the exceptions.-In what words is the final consonant doubled and in what retained single upon assuming an augment? Give examples.-What rule do words ending in a double consonant observe on assuming an augment?-How are compound words generally spelled? Mention the exceptions.

Exercises on final and additional Syllables.

Exercises, p. 3, 4.-Grammar, p. 7, 8.

RULE 1. Rum, hat, cat, bag, run, map;-odd, buzz, egg, ebb; -gun, hot.

Tall, fall, stiff, cross, loss, staff;—has, thus ;-miss, bull, grass; -gas;-hill, stress, puff.

RULE 2. The Nominative Plural;-Days, plays, rays, valleys, joys, boys.

Portrayed, dismayed, playful, annoyance, destroying, annoyer, obeyed, decoying.

Nominative Plural;-Skies, flies, beauties, bounties, glories, frailties.

Conjugate the following verbs in the Indicative Mood, present tense, and write the present and past participles;—

I deny, thou deniest, &c., denying, denied ;-I defy, thou defiest, &c., defying, defied;—I cry, thou criest, &c., crying, cried ; -I try, thou triest, &c., trying, tried ;—and so on for the others.

Adjectives compared;-Merry, merrier, merriest; happy, happier, happiest; lazy, lazier, laziest; hasty, hastier, hastiest; comely, comelier, comeliest.

Words corrected;-Comeliness, ugliness, hastiness, angrily, beautiful, dutiful; tarrying, comelyish.

RULE 3. Sedateness, lovely, entirely, securely, wasteful, hoarseness, allurement, abatement, sincerely, ceaseless.

Striving, thriving, dronish, dispensing, lodging, desirable, excusable, reversible, forcible, sensible, clothing, shining, ruling, valuable;-Awful, truly, abridgment; - Charge-able, service-able, change-able, move-able.

RULE 4. Dragging, dragged ;-splitting, splitted ;-drumming drummed ;-fanning, fanned;—blotting, blotted ;-scanning, scanned;-Admítting, admitted; compelling, compelled; concúrring, concurred; distilling, distilled; extólling, extolled; permitting, permitted; annúlling, annúlled; committing, committed; intermitting, intermitted; deferring, deferred; excelling, excelled.

Boiling, boiled; toiling, toiled; soiling, soiled; coining, coined, -Suffering, suffered; fostering, fostered; cóvering, covered.

The words worship, counsel, trável, líbel, have generally the final consonant doubled; as, worshipping. An adherance to the rule, however, will require the final consonant to be single; as, Worshiping, worshiped; coúnseling, counseled; tráveling, traveled; líbeling, líbeled.

RULE 5. Add ness, &c.-Stiffness, stiffly; carelessness, carelessly; thoughtlessness, thoughtlessly; harmlessness, harmlessly. Dull, dul-ness, dul-ly ;-full, ful-ness, ful-ly ;-chill, chil-ness, chil-ly.

Ful is added to the following ;-Distress-ful, success-ful, wilful, skil-ful.

RULE 6. Glass-house-al-so; ful-filling; al-ways ;-hurt-ful; wel-come.

Promiscuous Exercises on the preceding Rules.

Mop, flies, denied, acquitting, pàrceling, mud, rill, chaff, dronish, moss, err, boys, bunn, excelling, yes, despising, sprig, mat, ruff, kill, instilling, uglier, closely, skies, set, glorifying, lovelier, admitted, flog, flogging, hall, tried, harmlessness, stiffly, chilly, reversible, merriment, hip, sir, miss, arrangement, toss, knavish, regaling, ham, stuff, toiling, dul-ness, excus-able, peace-able, toys, said, incitements.

The Errors contained in the Orthographical Exercises corrected.

Exercises, p. 4, 5.

1. A Sprig of myrtle. The lily of the valley. A border of daises. A bed of violets. The African marigold. The variegated geranium. The Portugal melon. Dutch currants. Red and white raspberries. The prickly cucumber. Red and purple radishes. Newington peaches. Italian nectarines. Turkey apricots. The Orleans plum. Mealy potatoes. Early Dutch turnips. Late cauliflowers. Dwarf cabbages. A plate of salad. A dish of pease. A bunch of asparagus. A mess of spinage. A hawthorn hedge. A fine spreading oak. A weeping willow.

2. A pigeon pie. A plum pudding. A rich cheesecake. A beef steak. A mutton chop. A shoulder of lamb. A fillet of veal. A haunch of venison. A cup of chocolate. A basin of soup. Colchester oysters. 1 easants and partridges. A red herring. A large lobster. Salmon is a finer fish than turbot, perch, or haddock. The grass is green. Saffron is yellow. Vinegar is sour. Sugar is sweet. A pair of scissors. A silver

bodkin. A small penknife. Black lead pencils. Ravens' quills. A stick of sealing wax. The edge of a razor.

A box of wafers.
The tail of a plough. The grass of the fields.

3. Lisbon oranges. Spanish chestnuts, or chesnuts. A beech tree. A birch tree. A clean floor. An arm chair. The front door. The back kitchen. The little parlour. A flower garden. A field of rye. The wheat harvest. A blue sky. A lovely day. A beautiful scene. A splendid palace. A cheerful countenance. An ancient castle.

A strait gate. A straight line.

error.

A disagreeable journey. A wilful Blamable conduct. Sincere repentance. Laudable pursuits. Good behaviour. A regular visit. Artificial flowers. Crystal streams. Murmuring winds.

An

4. A tranquil retreat. A noisy school. A surprising story. Sprightly discourse. Profane tales. A severe headache. A friendly gift. An affectionate parent. A dutiful child. obliging behaviour. A welcome messenger. Improving conversation. An importunate beggar. An occasional visiter. An encouraging look. A skilful horseman. A favourable reception. Every season has its peculiar beauties. Avoid extremes. Never deceive. Knowledge enlarges the mind. To acquire it is a great privilege. The school increases. We must be studious. Inquire before you resolve. Be not afraid to do what is right.

5. Wars have always been productive of innumerable evils, both to the victors and the vanquished. The art of staining glass was known and successfully practised in very early times. To neglect the duties of our respective situations is blamable folly, and sometimes produceth incurable disorder. He was a brave and skilful mariner.

Note. In correcting the preceding Exercises, the pupil should be required to underline the letters which have been rectified.

PART II. ETYMOLOGY.

PARTS OF SPEECH. ARTICLES AND SUBSTANTIVES.

Parts of Speech. Exercise, p. 7. Grammar, p. 9, 10.

What is Etymology? What is Classification?-Inflection ?-Derivation? How many parts of speech are there? Mention them. What is an Article ? Mention the Articles given in the Definition. What is a Substantive? Point them out. Mention some additional Substantives. What is an Adjective? Adduce those given in the Definition. What is a Pronoun? Adduce those given as examples. What is a Verb? Adduce those given as examples. What is an Adverb? Adduce those given. What is a Preposition? Adduce the examples. What is a Conjunction ?-an Interjection? What words express the names of things-the qualities of things?-the state, action, or suffering of some person or thing What words are used instead of nouns ? What words shew whether the noun is taken in a general or in a particular sense? What words are used for connection?-to express relation?—a sudden emotion? What words express the time, place or manner of a Verb or Adjective? What words express affirmation ?

Exercises. Mention to what class the following words belong.-George, river, good, horse, many, run, ah! an, to, man, he, swift, she, very, in, and, oh! read, a, bad, stone, it, justly, England, go, up, alack! meanly, swift, am, nor, school, them, fruitful, gold, quickly, write, earth, learn, not, we, apple, well.

Articles.

Questions. What is an Article? Mention the Articles. What is a or an called? and why? What is the called?-why? How is a used? When is a used before nouns in the plural? Before what letters is a used ?-an?-the? How is a noun without an article taken? Mention the definite article-the indefinite. Which article would you put before the words tree, unit, one, ewe, European, eagle, home, historical? Whence is the term article derived? What use of a is allowed in poetry which is not allowed in prose? Mention the words beginning with h silent. How must we understand the phrase, "There are men destitute of shame "?

Exercises.

1. Proper Articles prefixed. A man, men, thousands, a horse, an infant, a winter, an affliction, fountains, an historian, an orange, a universal remedy, an apple, books, a unit, a one, a ewe, a euphony.

2. Errors corrected. An army, a horse, a ewe, an honourable man, houses, an ox, an industrious boy, an eye, a unicorn, a university, a useful tool, a yard, a unit, a euphony, such a one, an heroic action, an humble cottager, a European, a higher tree, an abler man, gold is corrupting, the sea is green, the lion is bold, money is the root of all evil, an harmonious sound.

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