Celibacy, of the clergy, whether enforced by S. Patrick, 44; not expressly vowed by the first monks, 231; its repute among the Irish monks of the 7th cen- century, 237; its violation punished by them with excommunication, 238; its compulsory observance one of the earliest abuses of Christianity among them, 363, 370; extravagant notions of its merit, 587; abuse of, under Law- rence O'Toole, 595; under John Cu- min, 609, 610; its non-observance made a ground for deposing the pre- lates of the reformed faith under Q. Mary, 740; not made compulsory on the ancient Irish clergy, according to Mr. Moore, 1422. Cellier's History of Sacred and Ecclesi- astical Authors qd., 288 n., 370 n. Cells to monasteries, meaning of, 574. Celsus, (or Kellach,) archbishop of Ar- magh, constitutes a new archbishopric in Cashel, 445, 472; his elevation to the episcopacy, 450; his diligence in the primatial office, ib. seqq. ; appoints Malachy his vicar, 458; nominates him his successor when dying, 465, 468; his diligence in visitations, 476; his independence of Roman authority, 1250.
Cencius Camerarius, his Census Came- rules qd., 993-996 Ceolfrid, abbot of Wearmouth, 211; ex-
tract from his letter to King Naitan on the Paschal controversy, 960-'2. Cerda, Martin, Spanish commander in Ireland, 827.
Cerdicus, (the Saxon persecutor of Bri-
tish Christianity,) his cruelty, 119. Chalcedon, Council of. See Council. Chalices for the use of Rome in id. to be made of silver, 1364.
Chalons, Council. See Council. Channeric of Meaux, shews kindness to S. Columbanus, 266.
Chanting according to the Roman me-
thod, taught in York by James the deacon, 208; there and elsewhere by Eddi and Bp. Putta, ib.; by John the Roman, 209; and Mahan, 211; pro- moted in Id. by Malachy, 458, Chapters, the Three, (see Three Chap- ters,) 931, seqq.; what they were, 938. Chapters, Cathedral, origin of in Id., 1114.
Charibert, King of Paris, 259. Charlemagne, the Emperor, his patron- age of learned Irishmen, 350; Dun- gal's epistle to him on the solar eclipses of 810, 394.
Charles the Bald, 398; patronizes J. S. Erigena, 399, 400, 402.
Charles II., the Remonstrance of Alle- giance to, 1413.
Chester, anecdote of a mayor of, 746. Chester, the Earl of, 1023; invades Wales, 1028, '35.
Chetimar, Duke of Carinthia, christened by S. Virgilius, 348. Chichester, Sir A., republishes the Act of Uniformity, 854, 860; his visit to three northern counties, 862, segg.; opens the parliament of 1613, 878; witnesses cannibalism in Id., 1298. Vid. 1320, 21.
Chilperic, King of Soissons, 259. in Id. examined into, 1011 segg. Chorepiscopi, their alleged multiplicity Chrism, use of, in holy baptism, 396; omitted by the old Irish, 424; not of apostolic institution, 425; its applica- tion in the consecration of bishops, 1007.
Christ baptising, &c., made the subject of a comedy, 739.
Christ's marble image in Christ Church, Dublin, its removal and restoration, 741, 742; employed as the subject of a Romish imposture, 749-751. Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, its foundation, 421; Strongbow interred there, 548; synod of Dublin (A.D.
1186) held in, 609; coronation of E. Simnel in, 666; a Bible presented to, 753; Abp. Curwen's first sermon in, 742; desecration of, 1362. Christian, Bp. of Lismore, made pope's
legate, 482; present at the Council of Kells, 484; presides at the Synod of Cashel, and sets his seal to the letter drawn up there, abusing the Irish for their filthy ways, &c., 515, 537; the pope's reply addressed to him, &c., 534; vid. q. 576, 1085, '88. Christian, brother of S. Malachy, Bp. of Clogher, his death, 471. Christianity, origin of, in Id., 1; in Engd., 6, 108; persecution of in Ire- land by the Danes, 380 seqq.; chrono- logy of early events connected with, uncertain, 111.
Chrysostom, St., his testimony to the early extension of Christianity, and scriptural information to the British isles, 4.
Church architecture of the ancient Irish,
207, 210; inferior to that of the Sax- ous, ib., 211, 212; its alteration by the Normans, 564.
Church, unity of the, in Id., under
Henry VIII., 717; such unity main- tained to the days of James I., 889, 917; the Church of the Irish and the Church of the English in Id. distinct, and separated in language, race, and feelings, in A.D. 1315, according to Mr. Moore, 1425-27; worship in the com- munion of the Church denounced by the Romish schismatics of the 17th century, 1308, '15; Mr. Moore's notion of the creation of a new Church at the Reformation, 1434.
"Church of Ireland," and "Church of England," remarks on the use of the names, 919 seqq., and 1415 segg.; de- struction of the Church of Id. a quack medicine of conceited and ignorant empirics, 645, 1055 seqq., 1427 n.
Church, the moon employed as an em- blem of, 961.
Church in Wales, its ancient indepen- dence lost, 1035.
Church music, its cultivation by the
early Saxons, 207-211.
Church papists, what, 853; their apos- tacy to schism, ib., 854.
Church lands and property in Id., spo- liation of by the Anglo-Normans. 1124; their origin, 1057 seqq.; not given originally to the Ch. of Rome, 1059; nor by the English, 1121; the Ch. property of Ireland not wholly a State gift, 1064; laws of the Synod of Cashel concerning, 516 seqq., 1066, '7; Blackstone's comments on, 1068; tithes, a royal grant, and the most an- cient one, ib.; how far derived from the people, 1070, 71; statement of Primate Beresford concerning, 1072; Edmund Burke's view of, 1075; Ch. property no oppression to the people, 1076 seqq.; statement of its amount by Mr. George Alexander Hamilton, 1081 seqq.
Churches, parish, of Id., plundered, un- der pretence of reformation, 719; to be attended by all persons under cer- tain penalties, according to the Act of Uniformity, 754; ruinous condition of them in that age, 769, 784, 785, 1064; caused in some cases by defenders of the papal "Catholic faith," 797; Spen- cer's notice of their desolation, 815; state of some of them in A.D. 1607, 862-864; vain attempt to repair by parliamentary funds, 779; ancient provision for the repair of, 1062; the old Irish accused of not respecting, 1088.
Church History, value and disadvan- tages of the study, 927.
Church Holidays. See Festivals. Churton's History of the early English
Church, qd., 386 n., 446, 577 n.
Ciaconius de Vitis Pontificum, note on a statement in, 1052 n. Ciaran, St., 61. See Kieran. Cisteaux, or Citeaux, 577.
Cistertian monks, 229; introduced into Ireland by Malachy, 475, 562; their first establishment at Mellifont, 477; various others founded, 566 seqq.; their origin, 577. Vid. 615, 656, 891 See Council. Clane, Synod of. Clanricarde, title of, conferred on De Burgo, 710; the Earl of, A.D. 1565, a disturber of Id., 769.
Clare, Roger de, gets lands assigned him in Wales, 1038; Thomas de, murders Brian Roe, prince of Thomond, 1127. Clarence, Lionel, Duke of, 658, 660. Claude, Bp. of Turin, his controversy with Dungal, 395, 396.
Claudius the Commentator, notice of, 394.
Clement, learned Irishman, made princi- pal of a College in France by Charle- magne, 350. Clergy of Ireland, military characters in some ancient cases, 386; their dignity and comforts advanced by the Synod of Cashel and Anglo-Norman influ- ence, 519, 560, 612; anciently subject to the ordinary civil laws, 558; their ignorance, immoralities, &c., in the Anglo-Romish period of Ir. Hist., 583-597; said to have been corrupted by English influence, 609; praised by Giraldus, 610; extraordinary associa- tion of them under Primate N. Mac 1114; when resident Molissa, 628, among the English, compelled to learn English, 658; their ignorance in 1538, 696; do. in 1551, 721; meeting of, "to the Protestant religion," establish 760; character and condition of in 1576, 783; in 1593, 814, 815; do. in 1607, 863-865; greatly reduced by the Danish wars, 1060, 61; their im- poverishment after the Reformation,
1064; not supported by taxes, 1068, '9; ought not to be of beggarly incomes, 1075, '6; their number, and aggregate property, 1082; decimal taxation of, 1146; those of the English race in Id. hated by the Irish, 637.
Clergy of England, victimised by Pope Gregory X., 679.
Clergy, marriage of. See Celibacy. Clogher, see of, 452 n., 576, 667 n.; a papal Bp. of, submits to Henry VIII.. 711; the see not subject to Q. Eliza- beth, 758, 759 n.; state of the diocese in 1607, 863.
"Clon," bpk., Stat. of Kilk., 661. Clonard, chosen by St. Finian as the site of his religious establishment and scriptural school, E8; the see of, ib.; ravaged by the Danes, 416; the see one of those settled at Rathbreasail, 452 n.; injured by Irish incendiaries, 454. See 563.
Clonefad, Etchen, Bp. of, ordains S. Co- See 1010-'12. lumba presbyter, 77. Clonenagh, (Queen's Co.,) monastery of,
Clonfert, abbey of, founded by S. Bren- dan, 70; ravaged by the Danes, 383; the see of, 452 n., 484 m., 576; the abbey revenues united to the bpk. after the Reformation, 1219. Clonmacnoise, abbey of, founded by S. Kieran, 68; visited by S. Columba, 102; ravaged by the Danes, 383, 384 n.; by some of the Irish, 454; the see of, represented at Kells, 484 n.; vid. q. 563, 617, 994 seqq., 1143, 54, 1211. Clonmacnoise, the Annals of, 633 n., 1052.
Clonmel, Margaret le Blunde's
against Abp. Mac Carwill tried at, 625; public episcopal denunciation of tax-payers to the English government in, 652; various prelates receive the king's supremacy in, after Archbishop Browne's preaching there, 701; its re-
bellious disposition on the accession of James L., 850; provided with sixty new (schismatical) priests in one year, (A.D. 1613,) 1359.
Clonmore, (Co. Wexford,) monastery of, ravaged by the Danes, 382. Clontarf, battle of, 414 416. Clotaire I., King of the French, 259. Clotaire II., King of Soissons, treats S. Columbanus with kindness, 266, 269, 272; patronises S. Dichuill, 334. Cloveshove, Council of.
See Council. Clovis, founder of the French monarchy,
Cloyne, see of, 995 seqq.
Cluainiard, or Clonard, 993 seqq. Cluniac monks, 229.
Codure, Jesuit, conspirator with Con O'Neill, 1206.
Colestius the heretic, an Irishman, 5; some notice of him, ib.
Coemghen, or Kevin, St., 61, 63; ac- count of his life, 71.
Cogan, Milo de, governor of Id., 600. Cogitosus, his life of S. Brigid, 66, 321; its character, 67.
Cole, Dean of St. Paul's, his vain perse- cuting mission to Id., 745.
Coleraine, county of, embraced in the Plantation, 868.
Coleridge, Judge, his views on episcopal appointments, &c., 1199.
Colgan's Lives of St. Patrick, 9, 46; of S. Columba, 88; his AA. SS. qd. pas- sim; dedicated to H. O'Reilly, titular primate, 1240; the Trias Thauma- turga to T. Fleming, Dublin titr. 1254. Collects, many, used by S. Columbanus in worship, 287.
College Green, Dublin, Henry II.'s resi- dence in, 509. Vid. Hoggin Green. Colleges, Romish, established beyond sea for Irish youths, 1355, 6. See 1344. Collier's Church History of England,
qd., 17, 109, 112, 140, 1288, et passim. Colman, St., 61, 62; appointed Bp. of
Lindisfarne, 180; defends the Ir. Eas ter at Whitby, 181, 182; leaves his bpk. in disgust with the introduction of Roman customs, 184; and settles in Connaught, 186; character of him and his predecessors, 240, 241; his "Seniors," 986.
Colp, or Invercolpa, 569.
Cologne, distinguished as a residence of certain eminent Irishmen. 412, 436. Colton, Primate, his visitation of Derry. 1063 n.; vid. 1111.
Columba, St, or Columbkille, one of the Irish saints of the second class, 61; his life, 74; name of Columbkille, 75; studies with S. Finnian, 76; founds the monasteries of Derry and Durrow, ib.; his supposed visit to Kells, 77; his mission to Scotland, 78; story con- cerning the occasion which led to it, 79; his excommunication, 83; settle- ment at Iona, ib.; his biography very imperfect, 85; inaugurates King Ai dan, 86; attends the assembly at Drumceath, ib.; returns to Iona, 87; lives of him, by Cumin, Adamnanus, &c, 88; V. Bede's notice of him, 89; circumstances connected with his death, 90-94; non-Romish features observable in Adamnanus' recital, 95; day of his death, ib. and 96; charac- ter, 97; prayerfulness, 98; self-denial, 99; industry, 100; influence among men, 101, 102; visit to Clonmacnoise, 102, 103; his humility, 104; and at- tention to the practical duties incul- cated in the Bible, 106; extent of his labours, 107; the "Culdees" impro- perly fathered upon him, 107; charged by a modern writer with hypocrisy and imposture, ib. ; quoted at Whitby as an authority opposed to the traditions of Rome, 182; his ignorance or indif- ference about Purgatory, 216; his use of the sign of the cross, 223, (vid. 615 ;) not of the communion of modern Irish
Romanists, 904; who accompanied him to Drumceath, 982; his ordina- tion by Etchen, 1010, '11; pretended "translation" of his relics to Downpa- trick, 1050.
Columbanus, St., his Irish ways not re- lished by the clergy of Rome, 139; his history, 249; materials for his biogra- phy, 250; birth, 251; early acquaint- ance with the Holy Scriptures, ib., 252; leaves Ireland for France, 253; his dili- gence in exhorting and instructing men, 254; settlement in the Vosges, 255; foundation of Luxeu, ib., 256; diffi- culties with the French clergy about Easter, 256-258; reproves King The- odoric for sin, and incurs persecution in consequence, 260 seqq.; banished from Luxeu, 263; journey to Nantes, &c., 265; he visits Switzerland, 267; preaches to the Suevi, 268; removes to Italy, 269-271; writes against the Arians, and on the Three Chapters, ib; founds the monastery of Bobio, 271; invited back to Luxeu, he de- clines the offer, 272; his death, 273; missionary zeal, 274; discipline of his monasteries independent of episcopal authority, 275; his influence in the Continental Church, 276, 277; his writings, 278; monastic rule, ib, seqq.; its penalties, 290; strictness of disci- pline, 281; rule concerning fasting, 283, 284; concerning divine service, &c., 285 seqq., his Letters, 288 seqq.; epistle to P. Gregory on the Paschal question, 257, 288-293; letter to the prelates of Gaul on the same occasion, 257, 293--299; his great regard for the Holy Scriptures, 292, 296, 299, 300; his letter to the monks of Luxeu, 301; his humility and lowly dependance on divine grace, 302, 303; his epistle to P. Boniface IV, 304-316, 938-960; his independence of papal supremacy and views connected with Romish in-
fallibility, ib., passim; where he got his notions about the Three Chapters, 937; signification of his name and its synonymes, 958.
Columbanus ad Hibernos, 715, &c., 1333 seqq. See O'Concr.
Comber (Co. Down) Cistertian abbey founded 575; supplied with monks from England, ib.
Comgall, St., 61; his history, 70. Commandments, the Ten, circulated
under Henry VIII., 700. Commissioners of public records in Id. ; their reports qd., 871 n.
Common Prayer, the Book of, Bp. Bale endeavours in vain to bring into use, 734; supposed to be the first book printed in Id., 747; to be used in Eng- lish or Latin, in Id., by Act of Uni- formity, 755; Bp. Walsh preaches against, 760; translated into Irish, 780, 781; denounced, as equally pro- fane with idolatry, by the schismatical preachers of Rome, 855, 1308. Communion, the Holy, used in both kinds by the ancient Ir.. 368; law concerning it passed in the Synod of Dublin, under John Comyn, 611; its reception rcommended to rebels, 1287. Vid. q. 732.
Comorbans, Corbes, or Coarbs, their office explained, 461 n., 989.
Comyn, John, Abp. of Dublin, 606 seqq., 1096, 1172.
Conan ap lago, his intercourse with the Irish, 1024.
Conal, King of the Albanian Scots, 84; succeeded by Aidan, 86
Concors, abbot of S. Brendan's, Clon- fert, appointed a commissioner to treat between K. Henry II. and Roderic O'Conor, 545.
Concubinage of the clergy, condemned at Kells, 1043, 1424.
Confederation of the Ecclesiastics of Ire- land, 627, 1109, 1114.
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