lands of his

father Cadogan are forfeited,

and given to

ceived and succored therein in disorder. I will give it to one that shall keep them out, and I will keepe thee at my charges all thy life, charging thee upon thine allegeance, that thou enter not within Wales, until such time as I have taken further order.' And so the king gave him 20 daies, and set him at liberty to go whither he would saving to Wales. When Owen and Madoc heard this they departed to Ireland. Then the king forthwith Gilbert sent for Gilbert sirnamed Strangbow, Earle of Strygill, Strongbow which was Earl of noble valiant and a worthie knight, to whom Strygill; he said thus, 'Thou hast been divers times a suter to me who reduces to have some lands in Wales, and now I give thee all the the country lands and inheritance of Cadogan ap Blethyn, win it and take it.' Gilbert received it joiefullie, and thanked the king, and brought the countrie to his subjection without anie contradiction." (p. 169.)

to obe

dience.

Owen returning from Ire

doned and

Some time after Iorwerth having been slain, the king gave his land, i. e. Powys, to Cadogan, land is par-" and promised Owen his pardon, willing his fapatronized ther to send for him to Ireland." Cadogan however was presently murdered by Madoc. Owen came to the king soon after, from Ireland, was received in peace, and obtained his lands. (pp. 170, 171, an. 1110 apparently.)

by the English monarch.

Gilbert

A.D. 1113 (pp. 172, 173.) "The yeare following, king Strongbow, Henrie prepared an armie against Wales, being thereto instigating King Henry provoked by such as would have the Welshmen's lands, to lead a that was Gilbert Strangbow Earle of Strygill, to whom strong force the king had given Caerdigan, who made sore comagainst Wales, plaints upon Owen ap Cadogan, declaring that he received and maintained such as robbed and spoiled in his countrie. Also Hugh Earle of Chester said no less by Gruffyth ap Conan, prince of North Wales, how that his

A. D. 1113;

men, and the men of Grono ap Owen ap Edwyn lord of Tegengl spoiled and burned the countrie of Cheshire, adding, to aggravate the matter that Gruffyth did neither owe service nor paied anie tribute to the king [Hen. I.] wherefore the king swore that he would not leave one living creature in North Wales and Powys land, but destroie the land utterlie and put in new inha bitants. Then parting his armie into three bands; the leading of the first he committed to Gilbert, earle of is himself Strigill, wherein was the whole power of all the South appointed part of England and Cornwall against South Wales; the to the comleading of the second had Alexander king of Scotland first section and Hugh Earle of Chester, wherein the power of Scot- of the England and the North was, who went against North- lish troops. Wales; and the king lead the third himselfe wherein was the strength of middle England. Then Meredyth ap Blethyn, hearing this, came and yielded himselfe to the king.

mand of the

tion.

"But Owen fearing to commit himselfe to them which Result of were so greedie of his lands fled to Gruffyth ap Conan this expedi to North Wales; whereupon the king turned all his strength that waie, and came himself as far as Murcastelh, and the king of Scots as far as Pennant Bachwy; but the people fled to the mountaines and woods, and caried all their victuals and cattell with them, so that the king could not folow them; and such of his men as entred the land were either slaine or galled in the straites." [Peace was finally made "the Prince" paying much money.]

the see of

Eod. (p. 175.) "At this time died Griffi bishop of A Norman Menevia, and the king made one Barnard a Norman bi- bishop inshop in his place, contrarie to the minds of all the cler- truded into gie of Wales, who were alwaies accustomed to choose Menevia. their bishop. At the same time there was a talke through South Wales of Gruffyth the son of Rees ap son of Gruffyth Theodor, who for feare of the king had been of a child Prince Rees

ap Theodor, brought up in Ireland, and had come over two yeares educated in passed, which time he had spent privilie with his freends, Ireland, re- kinsfolks, and affines, as with Gerald, steward of Penbrooke, his brother-in-law, and others."

turns to

Wales;

and excites much com

motion and war in the

country.

Deaths of
William

Strongbow ; King Murcart;

and of the

Gruffyth ap

This youth presently A.D. 1115 raised a great rebellion and mightily damaged the Normans and their parts of the country (pp. 176-178.) Dyvet at this time was "full of Normans, Flemings, and Englishmen. There were also manie strangers in Caerdigan, which ruled that countrie, but yet the people hated them, not forgetting the wrongs that they had received at their hands." Gruffyth continued to do great damage and spoil in Caerdigan, until checked and repulsed by Ralph "Erle Gilbert's Steward" from the castle of Aberystwyth. The disorders and broils of the country did not however end here. (pp. 180 seqq.)

A.D. 1116 (p. 183.) "This yeere died William Strangbow of a consumption."

A.D. 1120 (p. 184.) "In the yeare 1120 died Murcart, the worthiest and greatest prince in all Ireland ".

A.D. 1137 (p. 190.) "The yeare 1137 died Gruffyth two princes ap Rees ap Theodor, the light, honor, and staie of South Gruffyth ap Wales. Also towards the end of the same yeare, Rees and died Gruffyth ap Conan, king or prince of Northwales, the onelie defense and sheeld of all Wales after he had escaped many great dangers by sea and land in Ireland and Wales, and after manie worthie victories, and after he had brought Northwales which he found full of stran

Conan.
A. D. 1137.

gers, to peace and quietnesse, having ruled the same worthilie 50 yeares."

between the

Gruffyth ap

A.D. 1142 (pp. 196, 197.) A quarrel arose in Aquarrel this year between Cadwalader and Owen Gwy- sons of neth (prince of N. Wales) the two sons of Gruf- Conan is the fyth ap Conan, in consequence of the death of means of Anarawd, son of Gruffyth ap Rees, who was another slain by the former;

bringing

Irish army

into Wales

A. D. 1142;

"For the which thing prince Owen took such displeasure at his brother, that he and his sonne Howel gathered an armie against him and destroied all his countrie, and burned his castell at Aberystwyth. For Cadwalader himselfe had fled to Ireland, and had hired Octer (sonne to Octer) and the sonne of Turkel, and the sonne of Cherulf, with a great number of Irishmen and Scots for 2000 markes to his succour, and landed at Abermenay in Carnarvonshire, against whom the prince came with a greate power; but before the armies met, there was a 'peace concluded betwixt the brethren. Which when the Irishmen understood, they witheld Cadwalader as prisoner for their wages, and he delivered them 2000 heads of cattell besides manie prisoners and spoiles that were taken in the countrie. But as soon as the prince which meets knew his brother set at liberty, he fell upon the Irish- in the end men, and slew a great number of them, and recovered all the cattell with the prisoners and other spoiles: then as manie as escaped alive returned home with great slaine and loss."

with defeat

and loss.

Clare builds

A.D. 1143 (p. 198.) "About this time Gilbert earle of Gilbert de Clare came to Dyuet, and built the castell of Carmar- Carmarthyn thyn," &c. [But this was not the only castle of Gil- castle. bert's which presently fell into the hands of the Welsh.]

A.D. 1147 (p. 201.) “The yeare 1147 died Gilbert His death. Earle of Clare."

End of the

Annals of
Caradoc.

A. D. 1155. Roger, Earl

of Clare, obtains a grant of lands in

Wales

A. D. 1157;

which after

taking possession of them, he

loses again

A. D. 1165. Movements

of Henry II. at this time

noticed.

A.D. 1155 (p. 205.) "Terdelach king of Conacht in Ireland died "

p. 206. "At this time Caradocos Lhancarvan endeth his collections."

A.D. 1157 (p. 208.) "Roger Earle of Clare came to the king [Henry II.] and desired his highnesse to give him such lands in Wales as he could win, which the king granted. Then he came with a great army to Caerdigan," [fortified various castles for himself, &c., which were however shortly after demolished by Rees and the Welsh. 209.]

A.D. 1163 (p. 220.) "The Lord Rees ... entred the lands of Roger de Clare, Earle of Gloucester . . . and in short time. . . brought all Caerdigan to his subjection."

A D. 1165 (pp. 222, 223) "Then . . . the king came the third time towards North Wales, intending to have his armie conveied by sea, and to land in some convenient place of the countrie, and so he came to Chester, and there laie a certeine time till all his navie was gathered together, as well hired ships of Ireland as his owne, and upon the sudden he brake up his campe, and gave both ships and men leave to depart. The same yeare Rees Expulsion prince of South Wales laid siege to the castle of Aberteivi and wan it . . . at which time he took prisoner Robert the sonne of Stephen [his coosen germane]. About the same time Dermot the son of Murchart was chased out of his dominion in Ireland, and went to Normandie to king Henry for succour."

of Dermot Mac Mur

rough from the king

dom of Leinster.

Commencement of the Anglo-Norman Inva

sion of Ire

land

A. D. 1167.

A.D. 1167." This yeare Robert the sonne of Stephen constable was released out of his cousins the Lord Rees his prison, and was sent to Ireland with a great power to succour Dermot son to Murchart, who landed at Loch Garmon, and wan and so went forward."

* i. e. Wexford. See p. 497 of the present work. It will be observed that the years as noted in this Welsh Chronicle disagree with the correct ones as there given.